Polyaspartic acid(PASP) was prepared by hydrolysis of the polysuccinimide, which was mechanochemically synthesized from maleic anhydride and ammonium hydroxide in nitrogen atmosphere protection. The scale and corrosio...Polyaspartic acid(PASP) was prepared by hydrolysis of the polysuccinimide, which was mechanochemically synthesized from maleic anhydride and ammonium hydroxide in nitrogen atmosphere protection. The scale and corrosion inhibitions of PASP was evaluated and compared with 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricar- boxylic acid(PBTCA), 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid(HEDP) and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride(HPMA). The results revealed that the inhibition of the PASP is close to that of PBTCA and HEDP, but much better than that of HPMA.展开更多
Hyperuricemia have been thought to be caused by the ingestion of large amounts of purines, and prevention or treatment of hyperuricemia has intended to prevent gout. Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase(XDH/XO) is ...Hyperuricemia have been thought to be caused by the ingestion of large amounts of purines, and prevention or treatment of hyperuricemia has intended to prevent gout. Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase(XDH/XO) is rate-limiting enzyme of uric acid generation, and allopurinol was developed as a uric acid(UA) generation inhibitor in the 1950 s and has been routinely used for gout prevention since then. Serum UA levels are an important risk factor of disease progression for various diseases, including those related to lifestyle. Recently, other UA generation inhibitors such as febuxostat and topiroxostat were launched. The emergence of these novel medications has promoted new research in the field. Lifestyle-related diseases, such as metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus, often have a common pathological foundation. As such, hyperuricemia is often present among these patients. Many in vitro and animal studies have implicated inflammation and oxidative stress in UA metabolism and vascular injury because XDH/XO act as one of the major source of reactive oxygen species Many studies on UA levels and associated diseases implicate involvement of UA generation in disease onset and/or progression. Interventional studies for UA generation, not UA excretion revealed XDH/XO can be the therapeutic target forvascular injury and renal dysfunction. In this review, the relationship between UA metabolism and diabetic complications is highlighted.展开更多
文摘Polyaspartic acid(PASP) was prepared by hydrolysis of the polysuccinimide, which was mechanochemically synthesized from maleic anhydride and ammonium hydroxide in nitrogen atmosphere protection. The scale and corrosion inhibitions of PASP was evaluated and compared with 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricar- boxylic acid(PBTCA), 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid(HEDP) and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride(HPMA). The results revealed that the inhibition of the PASP is close to that of PBTCA and HEDP, but much better than that of HPMA.
文摘Hyperuricemia have been thought to be caused by the ingestion of large amounts of purines, and prevention or treatment of hyperuricemia has intended to prevent gout. Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase(XDH/XO) is rate-limiting enzyme of uric acid generation, and allopurinol was developed as a uric acid(UA) generation inhibitor in the 1950 s and has been routinely used for gout prevention since then. Serum UA levels are an important risk factor of disease progression for various diseases, including those related to lifestyle. Recently, other UA generation inhibitors such as febuxostat and topiroxostat were launched. The emergence of these novel medications has promoted new research in the field. Lifestyle-related diseases, such as metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus, often have a common pathological foundation. As such, hyperuricemia is often present among these patients. Many in vitro and animal studies have implicated inflammation and oxidative stress in UA metabolism and vascular injury because XDH/XO act as one of the major source of reactive oxygen species Many studies on UA levels and associated diseases implicate involvement of UA generation in disease onset and/or progression. Interventional studies for UA generation, not UA excretion revealed XDH/XO can be the therapeutic target forvascular injury and renal dysfunction. In this review, the relationship between UA metabolism and diabetic complications is highlighted.
