The proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as a class are remarkably safe and effective for persons with peptic ulcer disorders. Serious adverse events are extremely rare for PPIs, with case reports of interstitial nephritis w...The proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as a class are remarkably safe and effective for persons with peptic ulcer disorders. Serious adverse events are extremely rare for PPIs, with case reports of interstitial nephritis with omeprazole, hepatitis with omeprazole and lansoprazole, and disputed visual disturbances with pantoprazole and omeprazole. PPI use is associated with the development of fundic gland polyps (FGP); stopping PPIs is associated with regression of FGP. In the absence of Helicobacter pylori infection, the long-term use of PPIs has not been convincingly proven to cause or be associated with the progression of pre-existing chronic gastritis or gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. Mild/modest hypergastrinemia is a physiological response to the reduction in gastric acid secretion due to any cause. The long-term use of PPIs has not been convincingly proven to cause enterochromaff in-like cell hyperplasia or carcinoid tumors. PPIs increase the risk of community acquired pneumonia, but not of hospital acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia. There is no data to support particular care in prescribing PPI therapy due to concerns about risk of hip fracture with the long-termuse of PPIs. Long-term use of PPIs does not lead to vitamin B12 def iciencies, except possibly in the elderly, or in persons with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome who are on high doses of PPI for prolonged periods of time. There is no convincingly proven data that PPIs increase the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in persons in the community. The discontinuation of PPIs may result in rebound symptoms requiring further and even continuous PPI use for suppression of symptoms. As with all medications, the key is to use PPIs only when clearly indicated, and to reassess continued use so that long-term therapy is used judiciously. Thus, in summary, the PPIs are a safe class of medications to use longterm in persons in whom there is a clear need for the maintenance of extensive acid inhibition.展开更多
氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加...氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加氧化铁)和C(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥+氧化铁)。结果表明:反应器A酸化严重,进入长期产甲烷抑制状态;反应器B可以解除酸抑制,恢复体系产甲烷能力,但需要较长的启动期;反应器C则能较快达到产甲烷阶段。此外,截止到第54天实验结束,反应器C的累积产甲烷量(48 349 m L)高于B(35 665 m L)。对于餐厨垃圾厌氧消化,投加氧化铁可解除体系酸抑制,恢复其产甲烷能力。而在厌氧消化初期加入氧化铁可以更快地解除酸抑制,并促成更高的产甲烷速率。展开更多
The inhibition efficiency of 1,4-bis （2-nitrobenzylidene） thiosemicarbazide （BBTS） on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 mol/L HCI was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance metho...The inhibition efficiency of 1,4-bis （2-nitrobenzylidene） thiosemicarbazide （BBTS） on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 mol/L HCI was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance methods. Inhibition efficiency （IE）, corrosion rate and surface coverage were evaluated at different concentrations of BBTS. The results of the investigation showed that this compound had good inhibiting properties for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid and BBTS was a mixed-type inhibitor. BBTS chemisorbed at the electrode surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm and formed a stable surface complex on the mild steel surface. The synergistic effect of halide ion in acid solution suggested a co-adsorption of BBTS inhibitor by the adsorbed iodide ion.展开更多
The inhibition effect of synthesized diethyl 3,4-bis（4-methoxybenzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5- dicarboxylate （Inh I） and diethyl 3,4-bis（benzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate ...The inhibition effect of synthesized diethyl 3,4-bis（4-methoxybenzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5- dicarboxylate （Inh I） and diethyl 3,4-bis（benzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate （Inh II）, on cor- rosion of mild steel in 15% HC1 solution was investigated using weight loss measurements, electrochemical polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The experimental results show that the inhibition efficiency of studied inhibitors increased with the increase of inhibitors concentration but decreased with the increase of temperature. Corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 94.5% and 92.1% were obtained with 250 ppm of Inh I and Inh II at 303 K, respectively. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicate that the studied inhibitors act as mixed inhibitor. The thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion and adsorption processes were calculated and evaluated. The adsorption of these inhibitors was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology of the mild steel specimens in presence and absence of inhibitors. The mechanism of the inhibition process was discussed in the light of the chemical structure and quantum-chemical calculations of the investigated inhibitors.展开更多
The ability of Cocos nucifera L.water（CW） as non-toxic corrosion inhibitor for acid corrosion of aluminium in 0.5 mol/L HCl has been studied using chemical technique.CW shows significant inhibition as corrosion inhi...The ability of Cocos nucifera L.water（CW） as non-toxic corrosion inhibitor for acid corrosion of aluminium in 0.5 mol/L HCl has been studied using chemical technique.CW shows significant inhibition as corrosion inhibitor,with 93%efficiency at the highest concentration of the inhibitor.The inhibitive action is attributed to the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on metal surface following Langmuir adsorption isotherm.展开更多
目的探讨胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(房颤)患者采用盐酸胺碘酮联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗后的临床疗效及其对炎症因子水平的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年12月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院收治的87例GERD合并房颤患者,根据...目的探讨胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(房颤)患者采用盐酸胺碘酮联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗后的临床疗效及其对炎症因子水平的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年12月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院收治的87例GERD合并房颤患者,根据治疗方式的不同,分为对照组(常规治疗的基础上给予盐酸胺碘酮治疗)和研究组(在对照组基础上联合给予艾司奥美拉唑治疗);2组均接收治疗1个月。采用GERD症状评分、胃食管24 h pH监测、高分辨率食管测压监测来分析2组治疗前后抑酸,胃食管动力及房颤发生的影响及疗效;收集2组患者治疗前后的血液标本,并采用ELISA法检测炎症因子(白细胞介素-6、C反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子-α)的变化水平。结果经食管24 h pH监测发现,研究组在GERD症状评分,食管近端弱酸反流(%)、食管近端酸反流(%)及DeMeester评分等指标,与其治疗前和对照组治疗后比较显著降低(P<0.05);高分辨率食管测压分析显示,与治疗前和对照组治疗后相比,研究组治疗后显著改善食管上段括约肌(UES)静息压、食管下段括约肌(LES)静息压及食管远端收缩积分(DCI)等指标(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后心率以及QT离散度(QTd)水平均显著小于治疗前(P<0.05),且研究组治疗后心率水平显著小于对照组治疗后的水平(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后动脉血压(收缩压、舒张压)水平均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后2组炎症因子水平均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01),而研究组治疗后炎症因子水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后疗效明显高于对照组(P<0.05);而其无效率为显著低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论该联合治疗在GERD合并房颤患者的疗效较好,降低炎性因子水平,显著改善症状及房颤的发生。展开更多
文摘The proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as a class are remarkably safe and effective for persons with peptic ulcer disorders. Serious adverse events are extremely rare for PPIs, with case reports of interstitial nephritis with omeprazole, hepatitis with omeprazole and lansoprazole, and disputed visual disturbances with pantoprazole and omeprazole. PPI use is associated with the development of fundic gland polyps (FGP); stopping PPIs is associated with regression of FGP. In the absence of Helicobacter pylori infection, the long-term use of PPIs has not been convincingly proven to cause or be associated with the progression of pre-existing chronic gastritis or gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. Mild/modest hypergastrinemia is a physiological response to the reduction in gastric acid secretion due to any cause. The long-term use of PPIs has not been convincingly proven to cause enterochromaff in-like cell hyperplasia or carcinoid tumors. PPIs increase the risk of community acquired pneumonia, but not of hospital acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia. There is no data to support particular care in prescribing PPI therapy due to concerns about risk of hip fracture with the long-termuse of PPIs. Long-term use of PPIs does not lead to vitamin B12 def iciencies, except possibly in the elderly, or in persons with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome who are on high doses of PPI for prolonged periods of time. There is no convincingly proven data that PPIs increase the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in persons in the community. The discontinuation of PPIs may result in rebound symptoms requiring further and even continuous PPI use for suppression of symptoms. As with all medications, the key is to use PPIs only when clearly indicated, and to reassess continued use so that long-term therapy is used judiciously. Thus, in summary, the PPIs are a safe class of medications to use longterm in persons in whom there is a clear need for the maintenance of extensive acid inhibition.
文摘氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加氧化铁)和C(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥+氧化铁)。结果表明:反应器A酸化严重,进入长期产甲烷抑制状态;反应器B可以解除酸抑制,恢复体系产甲烷能力,但需要较长的启动期;反应器C则能较快达到产甲烷阶段。此外,截止到第54天实验结束,反应器C的累积产甲烷量(48 349 m L)高于B(35 665 m L)。对于餐厨垃圾厌氧消化,投加氧化铁可解除体系酸抑制,恢复其产甲烷能力。而在厌氧消化初期加入氧化铁可以更快地解除酸抑制,并促成更高的产甲烷速率。
基金University Grants Commission (UGC)New Delhi for providing the research fund to carry out this work
文摘The inhibition efficiency of 1,4-bis （2-nitrobenzylidene） thiosemicarbazide （BBTS） on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 mol/L HCI was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance methods. Inhibition efficiency （IE）, corrosion rate and surface coverage were evaluated at different concentrations of BBTS. The results of the investigation showed that this compound had good inhibiting properties for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid and BBTS was a mixed-type inhibitor. BBTS chemisorbed at the electrode surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm and formed a stable surface complex on the mild steel surface. The synergistic effect of halide ion in acid solution suggested a co-adsorption of BBTS inhibitor by the adsorbed iodide ion.
文摘The inhibition effect of synthesized diethyl 3,4-bis（4-methoxybenzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5- dicarboxylate （Inh I） and diethyl 3,4-bis（benzylideneamino） thieno[2,3-b] thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate （Inh II）, on cor- rosion of mild steel in 15% HC1 solution was investigated using weight loss measurements, electrochemical polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The experimental results show that the inhibition efficiency of studied inhibitors increased with the increase of inhibitors concentration but decreased with the increase of temperature. Corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 94.5% and 92.1% were obtained with 250 ppm of Inh I and Inh II at 303 K, respectively. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicate that the studied inhibitors act as mixed inhibitor. The thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion and adsorption processes were calculated and evaluated. The adsorption of these inhibitors was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology of the mild steel specimens in presence and absence of inhibitors. The mechanism of the inhibition process was discussed in the light of the chemical structure and quantum-chemical calculations of the investigated inhibitors.
文摘The ability of Cocos nucifera L.water（CW） as non-toxic corrosion inhibitor for acid corrosion of aluminium in 0.5 mol/L HCl has been studied using chemical technique.CW shows significant inhibition as corrosion inhibitor,with 93%efficiency at the highest concentration of the inhibitor.The inhibitive action is attributed to the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on metal surface following Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
文摘目的探讨胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(房颤)患者采用盐酸胺碘酮联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗后的临床疗效及其对炎症因子水平的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年12月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院收治的87例GERD合并房颤患者,根据治疗方式的不同,分为对照组(常规治疗的基础上给予盐酸胺碘酮治疗)和研究组(在对照组基础上联合给予艾司奥美拉唑治疗);2组均接收治疗1个月。采用GERD症状评分、胃食管24 h pH监测、高分辨率食管测压监测来分析2组治疗前后抑酸,胃食管动力及房颤发生的影响及疗效;收集2组患者治疗前后的血液标本,并采用ELISA法检测炎症因子(白细胞介素-6、C反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子-α)的变化水平。结果经食管24 h pH监测发现,研究组在GERD症状评分,食管近端弱酸反流(%)、食管近端酸反流(%)及DeMeester评分等指标,与其治疗前和对照组治疗后比较显著降低(P<0.05);高分辨率食管测压分析显示,与治疗前和对照组治疗后相比,研究组治疗后显著改善食管上段括约肌(UES)静息压、食管下段括约肌(LES)静息压及食管远端收缩积分(DCI)等指标(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后心率以及QT离散度(QTd)水平均显著小于治疗前(P<0.05),且研究组治疗后心率水平显著小于对照组治疗后的水平(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后动脉血压(收缩压、舒张压)水平均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后2组炎症因子水平均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01),而研究组治疗后炎症因子水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后疗效明显高于对照组(P<0.05);而其无效率为显著低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论该联合治疗在GERD合并房颤患者的疗效较好,降低炎性因子水平,显著改善症状及房颤的发生。
