Clastic rock reservoirs in petroliferous basins are generally rich in feldspars. Feldspar dissolution has developed widely in clastic reservoirs, and the resulting secondary pores are crucial in deeply buried reservoi...Clastic rock reservoirs in petroliferous basins are generally rich in feldspars. Feldspar dissolution has developed widely in clastic reservoirs, and the resulting secondary pores are crucial in deeply buried reservoirs. Based on a study of the diagenesis of clastic reservoirs in the Bohai Bay Basin, Tarim Basin, and Pearl River Mouth Basin and physical and numerical simulation experiments of fluid-rock interactions, this paper proposed a successive formation model of secondary pores via feldspar dissolution in deeply buried clastic reservoirs, considering the global research progresses in feldspar dissolution in clastic rocks. Feldspar dissolution can occur from shallow open systems to deep-ultra deep closed systems in petroliferous basins, resulting in the successive formation of secondary pores at different diagenetic stages. The successive mechanism includes three aspects. The first aspect is the succession of corrosive fluids that dissolve minerals. Meteoric freshwater dominates at the Earth’s surface and the early diagenetic A stage. Subsequently, organic acids and COformed via kerogen maturation dominate at the early diagenetic B stage to the middle diagenetic stage. COand organic acids formed via hydrocarbon oxidation in hydrocarbon reservoirs dominate at the middle diagenetic B stage to the late diagenetic stage. The second aspect is the successive formation processes of secondary pores via feldspar dissolution. Large-scale feldspar secondary pores identified in deep reservoirs include secondary pores formed at shallow-medium depths that are subsequently preserved into deep layers, as well as secondary pores formed at deep depths. Existing secondary pores in deeply buried reservoirs are the superposition of successively feldspar dissolution caused by different acids at different stages. The third aspect is a successive change in the feldspar alteration pathways and porosity enhancement/preservation effect. Open to semi-open diagenetic systems are developed from the Earth’s surface to the early diagen展开更多
The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally re...The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally relies on the isolation and identification of pure colonies.While this method is well-established and widely used,it is not without limitations.The subjective judgment inherent in the isolation and purification process introduces potential for error,and the incomplete nature of the isolation process can result in the loss of valuable information.The advent of next generation sequencing has provided a novel approach to the rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.This technology offers several advantages,including rapidity,accuracy,high throughput,and low cost.Next generation sequencing represents a significant advancement in the field of DNA sequencing.Its ability to rapidly and accurately identify lactic acid bacteria strains in samples with insufficient information or in the presence of multiple lactic acid bacteria sets it apart as a valuable tool.The application of this technology not only circumvents the potential errors inherent in the traditional method but also provides a robust foundation for the expeditious identification of lactic acid bacteria strains and the authentication of bacterial powder in industrial applications.This paper commences with an overview of traditional and molecular biology methods for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.While each method has its own advantages,they are not without limitations in practical application.Subsequently,the paper provides an introduction of the principle,process,advantages,and disadvantages of next generation sequencing,and also details its application in strain identification and rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive and reliable basis for the rapid identification of industrial lactic acid bacteria strains and the authenticity identification of bacterial powder.展开更多
利用过水解酶催化合成过氧乙酸,过氧乙酸原位氧化活性艳蓝KN-R脱色.在单因子试验的基础上,通过正交优化试验确定活性艳蓝KN-R的最佳脱色条件为:在5 m L反应体系中,最适p H 5.0,加酶量为20 U·反应-1,乙酸乙酯对过氧化氢的摩尔比率...利用过水解酶催化合成过氧乙酸,过氧乙酸原位氧化活性艳蓝KN-R脱色.在单因子试验的基础上,通过正交优化试验确定活性艳蓝KN-R的最佳脱色条件为:在5 m L反应体系中,最适p H 5.0,加酶量为20 U·反应-1,乙酸乙酯对过氧化氢的摩尔比率为40∶1和活性艳蓝KNR的浓度为80 mg·L-1.在此条件下反应6 h后,活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色率为81.11%,24 h后的脱色率为91.96%.在50倍放大试验中,该工艺24小时的脱色率为84.55%.展开更多
Carb on nanospheres(XC-72R)were functionalized by boron-oxygen(B-O)through coannealing with boric acid,to which highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)(-1.7 nm)were immobilized by a wet chemical reduction for...Carb on nanospheres(XC-72R)were functionalized by boron-oxygen(B-O)through coannealing with boric acid,to which highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)(-1.7 nm)were immobilized by a wet chemical reduction for the first time.The resultant Pd/OB-C catalystexhibits significantly improved activity for the dehydrogenation from formic acid(FA)compared to pristine XC-72R supported Pd NPs(Pd/C).Impressively,by adding melamine precursor,the B-0 and nitrogen(N)-functionalized product OB-C-N displays an extremely high B content,ca.34 times higher than OB-C.The Pd/OB-C-N catalyst with an ultrafine Pd particle size of-1.4 nm shows a superb activity,with a turnoverfrequency(TOF)as high as 5,354 h^-1 at 323 K,owing to the uniform ultrafine Pd NPs and the effect from B-0 and N functionalities.展开更多
Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)genetic markers and ribonucleic acid(RNA)molecular markers have been widely used in forensic practices including individual identification,parentage testing,body fluid identification,determin...Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)genetic markers and ribonucleic acid(RNA)molecular markers have been widely used in forensic practices including individual identification,parentage testing,body fluid identification,determination of the age of stains,and molecular pathological diagnosis.Variant information of biological evidence and their interrelation could be revealed by the integrated detection of DNA/RNA markers.The integrated detection workflow aims to simplify working procedures,reduce time consuming and save valuable samples collected from crime scenes.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)may be an effective method for integrated DNA/RNA detection.In this review,DNA/RNA co-extraction strategies,simultaneous detection methods based on capillary electrophoresis were summarized.Research on NGS-based integrated detection methods of DNA and RNA markers was reviewed to provide a reference for forensic medicine researches and applications.展开更多
Infections by nonpolio enteroviruses(EVs)are highly prevalent,particularly among children and neonates,where they may cause substantial morbidity and mortality.Laboratory diagnosis of these viral infections is importa...Infections by nonpolio enteroviruses(EVs)are highly prevalent,particularly among children and neonates,where they may cause substantial morbidity and mortality.Laboratory diagnosis of these viral infections is important in patient prognosis and guidance of clinical management.Although the laboratory diagnosis of non-polio EVs is mainly based on molecular techniques,classical virus-isolation techniques are still used in refer-ence laboratories.Other techniques,such as antigen detection and serology,are becoming obsolete and rarely used in diagnosis.An important part of diagnosis and surveillance of EV infections is viral typing by VP1 gene sequencing using conventional Sanger technique and more recently,full-genome next-generation sequencing.The latter allows the typing of all EVs,better investigation of EV outbreaks,detection of coinfec-tion,and identification of severity markers in the EV genome.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41872140, 41821002, 41911530189)the National Major Science and Technology Special Grant (Grant No. 2016ZX05006-007)+2 种基金the Special Fund for Taishan Scholar Project (Grant No. tsqn201909061)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 20CX06067A)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) (Grant No. 2021QNLM020001)。
文摘Clastic rock reservoirs in petroliferous basins are generally rich in feldspars. Feldspar dissolution has developed widely in clastic reservoirs, and the resulting secondary pores are crucial in deeply buried reservoirs. Based on a study of the diagenesis of clastic reservoirs in the Bohai Bay Basin, Tarim Basin, and Pearl River Mouth Basin and physical and numerical simulation experiments of fluid-rock interactions, this paper proposed a successive formation model of secondary pores via feldspar dissolution in deeply buried clastic reservoirs, considering the global research progresses in feldspar dissolution in clastic rocks. Feldspar dissolution can occur from shallow open systems to deep-ultra deep closed systems in petroliferous basins, resulting in the successive formation of secondary pores at different diagenetic stages. The successive mechanism includes three aspects. The first aspect is the succession of corrosive fluids that dissolve minerals. Meteoric freshwater dominates at the Earth’s surface and the early diagenetic A stage. Subsequently, organic acids and COformed via kerogen maturation dominate at the early diagenetic B stage to the middle diagenetic stage. COand organic acids formed via hydrocarbon oxidation in hydrocarbon reservoirs dominate at the middle diagenetic B stage to the late diagenetic stage. The second aspect is the successive formation processes of secondary pores via feldspar dissolution. Large-scale feldspar secondary pores identified in deep reservoirs include secondary pores formed at shallow-medium depths that are subsequently preserved into deep layers, as well as secondary pores formed at deep depths. Existing secondary pores in deeply buried reservoirs are the superposition of successively feldspar dissolution caused by different acids at different stages. The third aspect is a successive change in the feldspar alteration pathways and porosity enhancement/preservation effect. Open to semi-open diagenetic systems are developed from the Earth’s surface to the early diagen
基金Supported by Special Project of"Grassland Talents"in Inner Mongolia.
文摘The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally relies on the isolation and identification of pure colonies.While this method is well-established and widely used,it is not without limitations.The subjective judgment inherent in the isolation and purification process introduces potential for error,and the incomplete nature of the isolation process can result in the loss of valuable information.The advent of next generation sequencing has provided a novel approach to the rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.This technology offers several advantages,including rapidity,accuracy,high throughput,and low cost.Next generation sequencing represents a significant advancement in the field of DNA sequencing.Its ability to rapidly and accurately identify lactic acid bacteria strains in samples with insufficient information or in the presence of multiple lactic acid bacteria sets it apart as a valuable tool.The application of this technology not only circumvents the potential errors inherent in the traditional method but also provides a robust foundation for the expeditious identification of lactic acid bacteria strains and the authentication of bacterial powder in industrial applications.This paper commences with an overview of traditional and molecular biology methods for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.While each method has its own advantages,they are not without limitations in practical application.Subsequently,the paper provides an introduction of the principle,process,advantages,and disadvantages of next generation sequencing,and also details its application in strain identification and rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive and reliable basis for the rapid identification of industrial lactic acid bacteria strains and the authenticity identification of bacterial powder.
文摘利用过水解酶催化合成过氧乙酸,过氧乙酸原位氧化活性艳蓝KN-R脱色.在单因子试验的基础上,通过正交优化试验确定活性艳蓝KN-R的最佳脱色条件为:在5 m L反应体系中,最适p H 5.0,加酶量为20 U·反应-1,乙酸乙酯对过氧化氢的摩尔比率为40∶1和活性艳蓝KNR的浓度为80 mg·L-1.在此条件下反应6 h后,活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色率为81.11%,24 h后的脱色率为91.96%.在50倍放大试验中,该工艺24小时的脱色率为84.55%.
文摘Carb on nanospheres(XC-72R)were functionalized by boron-oxygen(B-O)through coannealing with boric acid,to which highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)(-1.7 nm)were immobilized by a wet chemical reduction for the first time.The resultant Pd/OB-C catalystexhibits significantly improved activity for the dehydrogenation from formic acid(FA)compared to pristine XC-72R supported Pd NPs(Pd/C).Impressively,by adding melamine precursor,the B-0 and nitrogen(N)-functionalized product OB-C-N displays an extremely high B content,ca.34 times higher than OB-C.The Pd/OB-C-N catalyst with an ultrafine Pd particle size of-1.4 nm shows a superb activity,with a turnoverfrequency(TOF)as high as 5,354 h^-1 at 323 K,owing to the uniform ultrafine Pd NPs and the effect from B-0 and N functionalities.
基金supported by the Ministry of Public Security of China(2019GABJC15)the Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security of China(2018JB007).
文摘Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)genetic markers and ribonucleic acid(RNA)molecular markers have been widely used in forensic practices including individual identification,parentage testing,body fluid identification,determination of the age of stains,and molecular pathological diagnosis.Variant information of biological evidence and their interrelation could be revealed by the integrated detection of DNA/RNA markers.The integrated detection workflow aims to simplify working procedures,reduce time consuming and save valuable samples collected from crime scenes.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)may be an effective method for integrated DNA/RNA detection.In this review,DNA/RNA co-extraction strategies,simultaneous detection methods based on capillary electrophoresis were summarized.Research on NGS-based integrated detection methods of DNA and RNA markers was reviewed to provide a reference for forensic medicine researches and applications.
基金This study was funded by the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing,grant ID 121041500041−1.
文摘Infections by nonpolio enteroviruses(EVs)are highly prevalent,particularly among children and neonates,where they may cause substantial morbidity and mortality.Laboratory diagnosis of these viral infections is important in patient prognosis and guidance of clinical management.Although the laboratory diagnosis of non-polio EVs is mainly based on molecular techniques,classical virus-isolation techniques are still used in refer-ence laboratories.Other techniques,such as antigen detection and serology,are becoming obsolete and rarely used in diagnosis.An important part of diagnosis and surveillance of EV infections is viral typing by VP1 gene sequencing using conventional Sanger technique and more recently,full-genome next-generation sequencing.The latter allows the typing of all EVs,better investigation of EV outbreaks,detection of coinfec-tion,and identification of severity markers in the EV genome.
