Paddy field is an important land use in subtropical China. Development of high soil fertility and productivity is the management goal of paddy field, Fertilization and management practices have not only influenced the...Paddy field is an important land use in subtropical China. Development of high soil fertility and productivity is the management goal of paddy field, Fertilization and management practices have not only influenced the status of organic matter and nutrients in the soil but also affected the environmental quality. This article investigates the contents of organic carbon and the nutrients, and the change over the last 20 years in highly productive paddy soils and their environmental application. Field soils were sampled and the analytical results were compared with the corresponding values in the Second Soil Survey in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province, China. The results showed that surface soils at a depth of 0-10 cm in highly productive paddy fields in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province had contents of organic carbon （20.2 ±3.88） g kg^-1, total nitrogen （2.09±0.55） g kg^-1, and available phosphorus （42.7 ±32.7） mg kg^-1, respectively, which were all at very rich levels. Over the last 20 years, the organic carbon pool of the highly productive paddy soils reached a steady state. Total N and available P significantly increased, whereas available K changed a little. The amount and percentage of P immobilization in the surface soil （0-10 cm） of highly productive paddy fields were （142.7 ~ 41.1） mg kg-~ and （36.2~ 10.4）% of added P, and CEC （7.93 ~ 1.32） cmol kg-~. These two parameters were not higher than the mean values of paddy soils and upland red soils in the areas. Results also showed that fertilizer P in highly productive paddy soils had a high mobility and was prone to move toward a water body, which is the main source of nutrients causing eutrophication. Because of a weak K-fixing capacity, the available K content was not high in highly productive paddy soils. This suggests that attention should be paid to the K balance and the increase of soil K pool.展开更多
土壤的有机碳蓄积量及其动态变化,不仅是维持农业生产可持续发展的重要因素,而且在全球变化碳循环研究中具有重要地位。本文基于GIS技术和DNDC模型,以江西省余江县为例,模拟研究了典型红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式下的土壤有机碳储量及...土壤的有机碳蓄积量及其动态变化,不仅是维持农业生产可持续发展的重要因素,而且在全球变化碳循环研究中具有重要地位。本文基于GIS技术和DNDC模型,以江西省余江县为例,模拟研究了典型红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式下的土壤有机碳储量及其变化。结果表明:余江县表层土壤有机碳储量为3.52×109kg,平均土壤有机碳密度为4.24 kg m-2。不同利用方式中,灌溉水田的土壤有机碳密度最高,其次是望天田、园地、林地和菜地,旱地的较低,草地的最低。该县土壤有机碳库的年度变化量为8.63×107kg,变化率为+2.45%。土壤有机碳密度下降的地区多位于农田区内,特别是旱地,部分灌溉水田的碳密度略有增加,林地、园地、草地的土壤有机碳密度是增加的,其中园地的增幅最大。在不考虑土壤流失的情况下,自然植被覆盖下的土壤碳截留能力强于农业植被下的土壤,但是灌溉、施肥、种植绿肥等保护性农业措施可以减少土壤碳的损失,甚至增加有机碳的储量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40471066)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX1-SW-01-05).
文摘Paddy field is an important land use in subtropical China. Development of high soil fertility and productivity is the management goal of paddy field, Fertilization and management practices have not only influenced the status of organic matter and nutrients in the soil but also affected the environmental quality. This article investigates the contents of organic carbon and the nutrients, and the change over the last 20 years in highly productive paddy soils and their environmental application. Field soils were sampled and the analytical results were compared with the corresponding values in the Second Soil Survey in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province, China. The results showed that surface soils at a depth of 0-10 cm in highly productive paddy fields in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province had contents of organic carbon （20.2 ±3.88） g kg^-1, total nitrogen （2.09±0.55） g kg^-1, and available phosphorus （42.7 ±32.7） mg kg^-1, respectively, which were all at very rich levels. Over the last 20 years, the organic carbon pool of the highly productive paddy soils reached a steady state. Total N and available P significantly increased, whereas available K changed a little. The amount and percentage of P immobilization in the surface soil （0-10 cm） of highly productive paddy fields were （142.7 ~ 41.1） mg kg-~ and （36.2~ 10.4）% of added P, and CEC （7.93 ~ 1.32） cmol kg-~. These two parameters were not higher than the mean values of paddy soils and upland red soils in the areas. Results also showed that fertilizer P in highly productive paddy soils had a high mobility and was prone to move toward a water body, which is the main source of nutrients causing eutrophication. Because of a weak K-fixing capacity, the available K content was not high in highly productive paddy soils. This suggests that attention should be paid to the K balance and the increase of soil K pool.
文摘土壤的有机碳蓄积量及其动态变化,不仅是维持农业生产可持续发展的重要因素,而且在全球变化碳循环研究中具有重要地位。本文基于GIS技术和DNDC模型,以江西省余江县为例,模拟研究了典型红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式下的土壤有机碳储量及其变化。结果表明:余江县表层土壤有机碳储量为3.52×109kg,平均土壤有机碳密度为4.24 kg m-2。不同利用方式中,灌溉水田的土壤有机碳密度最高,其次是望天田、园地、林地和菜地,旱地的较低,草地的最低。该县土壤有机碳库的年度变化量为8.63×107kg,变化率为+2.45%。土壤有机碳密度下降的地区多位于农田区内,特别是旱地,部分灌溉水田的碳密度略有增加,林地、园地、草地的土壤有机碳密度是增加的,其中园地的增幅最大。在不考虑土壤流失的情况下,自然植被覆盖下的土壤碳截留能力强于农业植被下的土壤,但是灌溉、施肥、种植绿肥等保护性农业措施可以减少土壤碳的损失,甚至增加有机碳的储量。
