: In order to make clear the functions of plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on bacteriostasis and air decontamination, we analyzed the composition and content of VOCs in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr., P. bungeana Zu...: In order to make clear the functions of plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on bacteriostasis and air decontamination, we analyzed the composition and content of VOCs in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr., P. bungeana Zucc., Sabina chinensis Antoine, Picea koraiensis Nakai, and Cedrus deodara G. Don under near-natural conditions using the thermal-desorption cold trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometer technique. The effects of the VOCs on airborne microorganisms were investigated using the method of natural sedimentation. Results showed that the major VOCs were as follows: limonene, β-pinene, α-pinene, and α-caryophyllene in Pinus tabulaeformis and P. bungeana; limonene, borneol acetate, β-pinene, myrcene, and tricylene in S. chinensis; limonene, α-pinene, myrcene, camphene, and β-pinene in Picea koraiensis; and limonene, 2, (10)-pinene, α-pinene, and myrcene in C. deodara. These VOCs and the corresponding foliar extracts inhibited the growth of bacteria and stimulated the growth of fungi. Experimental data using monomers of the VOCs demonstrated that limonene, β-pinene, and three aldehydes could significantly inhibit bacterial growth, suggesting an inhibitory effect of VOCs on the growth of airborne microorganisms in the five conifer species. The bacteriostasis and air-decontaminating effects of plant VOCs are further discussed in terms of their chemical composition.展开更多
In recent decades,the environmental protection and long-term sustainability have become the focus of attention due to the increasing pollution generated by the intense industrialization.To overcome these issues,enviro...In recent decades,the environmental protection and long-term sustainability have become the focus of attention due to the increasing pollution generated by the intense industrialization.To overcome these issues,environmental catalysis has increasingly been used to solve the negative impact of pollutants emission on the global environment and human health.Supported platinum-metal-group(PGM)materials are commonly utilized as the state-of-the-art catalysts to eliminate gaseous pollutants but large quantities of PGMs are required.By comparison,single-atom site catalysts(SACs)have attracted much attention in catalysis owing to their 100%atom efficiency and unique catalytic performances towards various reactions.Over the past decade,we have witnessed burgeoning interests of SACs in heterogeneous catalysis.However,to the best of our knowledge,the systematic summary and analysis of SACs in catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants has not yet been reported.In this paper,we summarize and discuss the environmental catalysis applications of SACs.Particular focus was paid to automotive and stationary emission control,including model reaction(CO oxidation,NO reduction and hydrocarbon oxidation),overall reaction(three-way catalytic and diesel oxidation reaction),elimination of volatile organic compounds(formaldehyde,benzene,and toluene),and removal/decomposition of other pollutants(Hg0 and SO3).Perspectives related to further challenges,directions and design strategies of single-atom site catalysts in environmental catalysis were also provided.展开更多
Genetic manipulation of genes to upregulate specific branches of metabolic pathways is a method that is commonly used to improve fruit quality.However,the use of a single gene to impact several metabolic pathways is d...Genetic manipulation of genes to upregulate specific branches of metabolic pathways is a method that is commonly used to improve fruit quality.However,the use of a single gene to impact several metabolic pathways is difficult.Here,we show that overexpression of the single gene SlMYB75(SlMYB75-OE)is effective at improving multiple fruit quality traits.In these engineered fruits,the anthocyanin content reached 1.86mg g−1 fresh weight at the red-ripe stage,and these SlMYB75-OE tomatoes displayed a series of physiological changes,including delayed ripening and increased ethylene production.In addition to anthocyanin,the total contents of phenolics,flavonoids and soluble solids in SlMYB75-OE fruits were enhanced by 2.6,4,and 1.2 times,respectively,compared to those of wild-type(WT)fruits.Interestingly,a number of aroma volatiles,such as aldehyde,phenylpropanoid-derived and terpene volatiles,were significantly increased in SlMYB75-OE fruits,with some terpene volatiles showing more than 10 times higher levels than those in WT fruits.Consistent with the metabolic assessment,transcriptomic profiling indicated that the genes involved in the ethylene signaling,phenylpropanoid and isoprenoid pathways were greatly upregulated in SlMYB75-OE fruits.Yeast one-hybrid and transactivation assays revealed that SlMYB75 is able to directly bind to the MYBPLANT and MYBPZM cis-regulatory elements and to activate the promoters of the LOXC,AADC2 and TPS genes.The identification of SlMYB75 as a key regulator of fruit quality attributes through the transcriptional regulation of downstream genes involved in several metabolic pathways opens new avenues towards engineering fruits with a higher sensory and nutritional quality.展开更多
Volatile organic compounds（VOCs） are a major component in air pollutants and pose great risks to both human health and environmental protection. Currently, VOC abatement in industrial applications is through the use...Volatile organic compounds（VOCs） are a major component in air pollutants and pose great risks to both human health and environmental protection. Currently, VOC abatement in industrial applications is through the use of activated carbons as adsorbents and oxide-supported metals as catalysts. Notably, activated carbons easily adsorb water, which strongly hinders the adsorption of VOCs; conventional oxides typically possess relatively low surface areas and random pores, which effectively influence the catalytic conversion of VOCs. Zeolites, in contrast with activated carbons and oxides, can be designed to have very uniform and controllable micropores, in addition to tailored wettability properties, which can favor the selective adsorption of VOCs. In particular, zeolites with selective adsorptive properties when combined with catalytically active metals result in zeolite-supported metals exhibiting significantly improved performance in the catalytic combustion of VOCs compared with conventional oxide-supported catalysts. In this review, recent developments on VOC abatement by adsorptive and catalytic techniques over zeolite-based materials have been briefly summarized.展开更多
Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are major precursors for ozone and secondary organic aerosol （SOA）, both of which greatly harm human health and significantly affect the Earth＇s climate. We simultaneously estima...Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are major precursors for ozone and secondary organic aerosol （SOA）, both of which greatly harm human health and significantly affect the Earth＇s climate. We simultaneously estimated ozone and SOA formation from anthropogenic VOCs emissions in China by employing photochemical ozone creation potential （POCP） values and SOA yields. We gave special attention to large molecular species and adopted the SOA yield curves from latest smog chamber experiments. The estimation shows that alkylbenzenes are greatest contributors to both ozone and SOA formation （36.0% and 51.6%, respectively）, while toluene and xylenes are largest contributing individual VOCs. Industry solvent use, industry process and domestic combustion are three sectors with the largest contributions to both ozone （24.7%, 23.0% and 17.8%, respectively） and SOA （22.9%, 34.6% and 19.6%, respectively） formation. In terms of the formation potential per unit VOCs emission, ozone is sensitive to open biomass burning, transportation, and domestic solvent use, and SOA is sensitive to industry process, domestic solvent use, and domestic combustion. Biomass stoves, paint application in industrial protection and buildings, adhesives application are key individual sources to ozone and SOA formation, whether measured by total contribution or contribution per unit VOCs emission. The results imply that current VOCs control policies should be extended to cover most important industrial sources, and the control measures for biomass stoves should be tightened. Finally, discrepant VOCs control policies should be implemented in different regions based on their ozone/aerosol concentration levels and dominant emission sources for ozone and SOA formation potential.展开更多
文摘: In order to make clear the functions of plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on bacteriostasis and air decontamination, we analyzed the composition and content of VOCs in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr., P. bungeana Zucc., Sabina chinensis Antoine, Picea koraiensis Nakai, and Cedrus deodara G. Don under near-natural conditions using the thermal-desorption cold trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometer technique. The effects of the VOCs on airborne microorganisms were investigated using the method of natural sedimentation. Results showed that the major VOCs were as follows: limonene, β-pinene, α-pinene, and α-caryophyllene in Pinus tabulaeformis and P. bungeana; limonene, borneol acetate, β-pinene, myrcene, and tricylene in S. chinensis; limonene, α-pinene, myrcene, camphene, and β-pinene in Picea koraiensis; and limonene, 2, (10)-pinene, α-pinene, and myrcene in C. deodara. These VOCs and the corresponding foliar extracts inhibited the growth of bacteria and stimulated the growth of fungi. Experimental data using monomers of the VOCs demonstrated that limonene, β-pinene, and three aldehydes could significantly inhibit bacterial growth, suggesting an inhibitory effect of VOCs on the growth of airborne microorganisms in the five conifer species. The bacteriostasis and air-decontaminating effects of plant VOCs are further discussed in terms of their chemical composition.
基金This work was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670355)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0702003)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21890383,21671117,and 21871159)the Science and Technology Key Project of Guangdong Province of China(No.2020B010188002)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z191100007219003).
文摘In recent decades,the environmental protection and long-term sustainability have become the focus of attention due to the increasing pollution generated by the intense industrialization.To overcome these issues,environmental catalysis has increasingly been used to solve the negative impact of pollutants emission on the global environment and human health.Supported platinum-metal-group(PGM)materials are commonly utilized as the state-of-the-art catalysts to eliminate gaseous pollutants but large quantities of PGMs are required.By comparison,single-atom site catalysts(SACs)have attracted much attention in catalysis owing to their 100%atom efficiency and unique catalytic performances towards various reactions.Over the past decade,we have witnessed burgeoning interests of SACs in heterogeneous catalysis.However,to the best of our knowledge,the systematic summary and analysis of SACs in catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants has not yet been reported.In this paper,we summarize and discuss the environmental catalysis applications of SACs.Particular focus was paid to automotive and stationary emission control,including model reaction(CO oxidation,NO reduction and hydrocarbon oxidation),overall reaction(three-way catalytic and diesel oxidation reaction),elimination of volatile organic compounds(formaldehyde,benzene,and toluene),and removal/decomposition of other pollutants(Hg0 and SO3).Perspectives related to further challenges,directions and design strategies of single-atom site catalysts in environmental catalysis were also provided.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFD0400101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572175,31772370)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018CDXYSM0021)the Committee of Science and Technology of Chongqing(cstckjcxljrc15).
文摘Genetic manipulation of genes to upregulate specific branches of metabolic pathways is a method that is commonly used to improve fruit quality.However,the use of a single gene to impact several metabolic pathways is difficult.Here,we show that overexpression of the single gene SlMYB75(SlMYB75-OE)is effective at improving multiple fruit quality traits.In these engineered fruits,the anthocyanin content reached 1.86mg g−1 fresh weight at the red-ripe stage,and these SlMYB75-OE tomatoes displayed a series of physiological changes,including delayed ripening and increased ethylene production.In addition to anthocyanin,the total contents of phenolics,flavonoids and soluble solids in SlMYB75-OE fruits were enhanced by 2.6,4,and 1.2 times,respectively,compared to those of wild-type(WT)fruits.Interestingly,a number of aroma volatiles,such as aldehyde,phenylpropanoid-derived and terpene volatiles,were significantly increased in SlMYB75-OE fruits,with some terpene volatiles showing more than 10 times higher levels than those in WT fruits.Consistent with the metabolic assessment,transcriptomic profiling indicated that the genes involved in the ethylene signaling,phenylpropanoid and isoprenoid pathways were greatly upregulated in SlMYB75-OE fruits.Yeast one-hybrid and transactivation assays revealed that SlMYB75 is able to directly bind to the MYBPLANT and MYBPZM cis-regulatory elements and to activate the promoters of the LOXC,AADC2 and TPS genes.The identification of SlMYB75 as a key regulator of fruit quality attributes through the transcriptional regulation of downstream genes involved in several metabolic pathways opens new avenues towards engineering fruits with a higher sensory and nutritional quality.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2015XZZX004-04)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LR15B030001)~~
文摘Volatile organic compounds（VOCs） are a major component in air pollutants and pose great risks to both human health and environmental protection. Currently, VOC abatement in industrial applications is through the use of activated carbons as adsorbents and oxide-supported metals as catalysts. Notably, activated carbons easily adsorb water, which strongly hinders the adsorption of VOCs; conventional oxides typically possess relatively low surface areas and random pores, which effectively influence the catalytic conversion of VOCs. Zeolites, in contrast with activated carbons and oxides, can be designed to have very uniform and controllable micropores, in addition to tailored wettability properties, which can favor the selective adsorption of VOCs. In particular, zeolites with selective adsorptive properties when combined with catalytically active metals result in zeolite-supported metals exhibiting significantly improved performance in the catalytic combustion of VOCs compared with conventional oxide-supported catalysts. In this review, recent developments on VOC abatement by adsorptive and catalytic techniques over zeolite-based materials have been briefly summarized.
基金sponsored by the MEP's Special Funds for Research on Public Welfare(No.201409002)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB05020300)the National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(2013BAC13B03)
文摘Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are major precursors for ozone and secondary organic aerosol （SOA）, both of which greatly harm human health and significantly affect the Earth＇s climate. We simultaneously estimated ozone and SOA formation from anthropogenic VOCs emissions in China by employing photochemical ozone creation potential （POCP） values and SOA yields. We gave special attention to large molecular species and adopted the SOA yield curves from latest smog chamber experiments. The estimation shows that alkylbenzenes are greatest contributors to both ozone and SOA formation （36.0% and 51.6%, respectively）, while toluene and xylenes are largest contributing individual VOCs. Industry solvent use, industry process and domestic combustion are three sectors with the largest contributions to both ozone （24.7%, 23.0% and 17.8%, respectively） and SOA （22.9%, 34.6% and 19.6%, respectively） formation. In terms of the formation potential per unit VOCs emission, ozone is sensitive to open biomass burning, transportation, and domestic solvent use, and SOA is sensitive to industry process, domestic solvent use, and domestic combustion. Biomass stoves, paint application in industrial protection and buildings, adhesives application are key individual sources to ozone and SOA formation, whether measured by total contribution or contribution per unit VOCs emission. The results imply that current VOCs control policies should be extended to cover most important industrial sources, and the control measures for biomass stoves should be tightened. Finally, discrepant VOCs control policies should be implemented in different regions based on their ozone/aerosol concentration levels and dominant emission sources for ozone and SOA formation potential.
