Purpose: Myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in ischemic heart disease patients has direct impact on hemodynamic parameters in the immediate post-operative period. The peri-operative...Purpose: Myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in ischemic heart disease patients has direct impact on hemodynamic parameters in the immediate post-operative period. The peri-operative cardiovascular functioning is an important determinant for outcome of surgery. In On-Pump CABG (ONCAB), the cardiopulmonary bypass has a negative effect on myocardium. Off-Pump CABG (OPCAB) avoids the effect of CPB but complete revascularization with difficult positioning of heart is technically demanding. This study is aimed to compare the cardiovascular functioning in the immediate post-operative period after OPCAB and ONCAB. Methods: Total 106 patients were operated for CABG from January 2015 to June 2016, of which 75 patients were operated for OPCAB and 31 patients were operated for ONCAB. For the comparison, hemodynamic parameters were measured during anesthesia before surgery, postoperatively after 1 and 4 hours (h) in the ICU, and in the morning after surgery, approximately after 20 h. Results: The time-dependent rise of hemodynamic parameters like Cardiac Output (CO), Cardiac Index (CI), Stroke volume (SV) and Left Ventricular Stroke Work Index (LVSWI) in the immediate post-operative hours (1 h and 4 h) are more predominant in OPCAB group than ONCAB group although the difference is eliminated mostly at 20 h. The better peripheral vasodilation after OPCAB causes immediate fall of Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (SVRI) after OPCAB. Conclusion: Better cardiovascular functioning immediately after OPCAB than ONCAB may be important for better hemodynamic stability. The difference is however eliminated after 24 hours indicating little significance in long term outcome.展开更多
目的:探讨扩散加权成像(DWI)和T2WI体积分析诊断可切除直肠癌壁外血管侵犯(EMVI)和淋巴结转移(LNM)的效能及其相关性。方法:搜集于术前1周内行MRI检查的直肠癌患者95例,所有患者术后均行病理学检查,术前应用DWI和T2WI进行大体肿瘤体积(G...目的:探讨扩散加权成像(DWI)和T2WI体积分析诊断可切除直肠癌壁外血管侵犯(EMVI)和淋巴结转移(LNM)的效能及其相关性。方法:搜集于术前1周内行MRI检查的直肠癌患者95例,所有患者术后均行病理学检查,术前应用DWI和T2WI进行大体肿瘤体积(GTV)分析,判断两者的诊断效能,并与病理学EMVI和LNM进行相关性分析。结果:DWI和T2WI测量的直肠癌GTV与EMVI(r=0.812 vs r=0.726;P<0.0001)和LNM(r=0.821 vs r=0.761;P<0.0001)相关。单变量分析结果显示DWI和T2WI测量的GTV与EMVI和LNM相关(P值均<0.0001);多变量分析结果显示DWI测量的GTV为EMVI(OR=1.315,P=0.005)和LNM(OR=1.472,P=0.005)的独立危险因素。DWI和T2WI测量的GTV均可用于鉴别LNM N0与N1、N0与N1-N2、N0-N1与N2(P<0.0001);ROC曲线分析结果显示DWI测量的GTV鉴别EMVI(0.901 vs 0.890)、N0与N1(0.871 vs 0.833)、N0与N1-N2(0.931 vs 0.920)、N0-N1与N2(0.928 vs 0.916)的曲线下面积均高于T2WI。结论:可切除直肠癌DWI和T2WI测量的GTV与EMVI、LNM相关,DWI测量的GTV对于EMVI和LNM具有更高的诊断效能。展开更多
Neuroprotection by ischemic preconditioning has been confirmed by many studies, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we performed cerebral ischemic pre- conditioning in rats by simulating a...Neuroprotection by ischemic preconditioning has been confirmed by many studies, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we performed cerebral ischemic pre- conditioning in rats by simulating a transient ischemic attack twice （each a 20-minute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery） before inducing focal cerebral infarction （2 hour occlusion-reper- fusion in the same artery）. We also explored the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Seven days after ocdusion-reperfusion, tetrazolium chloride staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that the infarct volume was significantly smaller in the group that underwent preconditioning than in the model group. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was considerably greater in the hippocampal CA3 region of preconditioned rats than model rats. Our results suggest that the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on focal cerebral infarction are associated with upregulation of vascu- lar endothelial growth factor.展开更多
Moyamoya disease and cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease are both chronic ischemic diseases with similar presentations of vascular cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the patterns...Moyamoya disease and cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease are both chronic ischemic diseases with similar presentations of vascular cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the patterns of microstructural damage associated with vascular cognitive impairment in the two diseases. The study recruited 34 patients with moyamoya disease(age 43.9 ± 9.2 years; 20 men and 14 women, 27 patients with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease(age: 44.6 ± 7.6 years; 17 men and 10 women), and 31 normal controls(age 43.6 ± 7.3 years; 18 men and 13 women) from Huashan Hospital of Fudan University in China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, long-term delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test Part B, and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Single-photon emission-computed tomography was used to examine cerebral perfusion. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were performed to identify regions of gray matter atrophy and white matter deterioration in patients and normal controls. The results demonstrated that the severity of cognitive impairment was similar between the two diseases in all tested domains. Patients with moyamoya disease and those with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease suffered from disturbed supratentorial hemodynamics. Gray matter atrophy in bilateral middle cingulate cortex and parts of the frontal gyrus was prominent in both diseases, but in general, was more severe and more diffuse in those with moyamoya disease. White matter deterioration was significant for both diseases in the genu and body of corpus callosum, in the anterior and superior corona radiation, and in the posterior thalamic radiation, but in moyamoya disease, it was more diffuse and more severe. Vascular cognitive impairment was associated with regional microstructural damage, with a potential link between, gray and white matter damage. Overall, these results provide insight into the pathophysiological nature of vascular cognitiv展开更多
文摘Purpose: Myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in ischemic heart disease patients has direct impact on hemodynamic parameters in the immediate post-operative period. The peri-operative cardiovascular functioning is an important determinant for outcome of surgery. In On-Pump CABG (ONCAB), the cardiopulmonary bypass has a negative effect on myocardium. Off-Pump CABG (OPCAB) avoids the effect of CPB but complete revascularization with difficult positioning of heart is technically demanding. This study is aimed to compare the cardiovascular functioning in the immediate post-operative period after OPCAB and ONCAB. Methods: Total 106 patients were operated for CABG from January 2015 to June 2016, of which 75 patients were operated for OPCAB and 31 patients were operated for ONCAB. For the comparison, hemodynamic parameters were measured during anesthesia before surgery, postoperatively after 1 and 4 hours (h) in the ICU, and in the morning after surgery, approximately after 20 h. Results: The time-dependent rise of hemodynamic parameters like Cardiac Output (CO), Cardiac Index (CI), Stroke volume (SV) and Left Ventricular Stroke Work Index (LVSWI) in the immediate post-operative hours (1 h and 4 h) are more predominant in OPCAB group than ONCAB group although the difference is eliminated mostly at 20 h. The better peripheral vasodilation after OPCAB causes immediate fall of Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (SVRI) after OPCAB. Conclusion: Better cardiovascular functioning immediately after OPCAB than ONCAB may be important for better hemodynamic stability. The difference is however eliminated after 24 hours indicating little significance in long term outcome.
文摘目的:探讨扩散加权成像(DWI)和T2WI体积分析诊断可切除直肠癌壁外血管侵犯(EMVI)和淋巴结转移(LNM)的效能及其相关性。方法:搜集于术前1周内行MRI检查的直肠癌患者95例,所有患者术后均行病理学检查,术前应用DWI和T2WI进行大体肿瘤体积(GTV)分析,判断两者的诊断效能,并与病理学EMVI和LNM进行相关性分析。结果:DWI和T2WI测量的直肠癌GTV与EMVI(r=0.812 vs r=0.726;P<0.0001)和LNM(r=0.821 vs r=0.761;P<0.0001)相关。单变量分析结果显示DWI和T2WI测量的GTV与EMVI和LNM相关(P值均<0.0001);多变量分析结果显示DWI测量的GTV为EMVI(OR=1.315,P=0.005)和LNM(OR=1.472,P=0.005)的独立危险因素。DWI和T2WI测量的GTV均可用于鉴别LNM N0与N1、N0与N1-N2、N0-N1与N2(P<0.0001);ROC曲线分析结果显示DWI测量的GTV鉴别EMVI(0.901 vs 0.890)、N0与N1(0.871 vs 0.833)、N0与N1-N2(0.931 vs 0.920)、N0-N1与N2(0.928 vs 0.916)的曲线下面积均高于T2WI。结论:可切除直肠癌DWI和T2WI测量的GTV与EMVI、LNM相关,DWI测量的GTV对于EMVI和LNM具有更高的诊断效能。
文摘Neuroprotection by ischemic preconditioning has been confirmed by many studies, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we performed cerebral ischemic pre- conditioning in rats by simulating a transient ischemic attack twice （each a 20-minute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery） before inducing focal cerebral infarction （2 hour occlusion-reper- fusion in the same artery）. We also explored the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Seven days after ocdusion-reperfusion, tetrazolium chloride staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that the infarct volume was significantly smaller in the group that underwent preconditioning than in the model group. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was considerably greater in the hippocampal CA3 region of preconditioned rats than model rats. Our results suggest that the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on focal cerebral infarction are associated with upregulation of vascu- lar endothelial growth factor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81771237(to YXG)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program),No.2014CB541604(to YXG)+1 种基金the "Shu Guang" Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation,China,No.16SG02(to LC)the Scientific Research Project of Huashan Hospital of Fudan University of China,No.2016QD082(to YL)
文摘Moyamoya disease and cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease are both chronic ischemic diseases with similar presentations of vascular cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the patterns of microstructural damage associated with vascular cognitive impairment in the two diseases. The study recruited 34 patients with moyamoya disease(age 43.9 ± 9.2 years; 20 men and 14 women, 27 patients with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease(age: 44.6 ± 7.6 years; 17 men and 10 women), and 31 normal controls(age 43.6 ± 7.3 years; 18 men and 13 women) from Huashan Hospital of Fudan University in China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, long-term delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test Part B, and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Single-photon emission-computed tomography was used to examine cerebral perfusion. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were performed to identify regions of gray matter atrophy and white matter deterioration in patients and normal controls. The results demonstrated that the severity of cognitive impairment was similar between the two diseases in all tested domains. Patients with moyamoya disease and those with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease suffered from disturbed supratentorial hemodynamics. Gray matter atrophy in bilateral middle cingulate cortex and parts of the frontal gyrus was prominent in both diseases, but in general, was more severe and more diffuse in those with moyamoya disease. White matter deterioration was significant for both diseases in the genu and body of corpus callosum, in the anterior and superior corona radiation, and in the posterior thalamic radiation, but in moyamoya disease, it was more diffuse and more severe. Vascular cognitive impairment was associated with regional microstructural damage, with a potential link between, gray and white matter damage. Overall, these results provide insight into the pathophysiological nature of vascular cognitiv
