目的了解江苏省儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)血清流行率和乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样,选取江苏省6个疾病监测县区1-14岁常住儿童开展问卷调查,分析HepB全程(HepB_(3))接种率和首剂(HepB1)及时接...目的了解江苏省儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)血清流行率和乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样,选取江苏省6个疾病监测县区1-14岁常住儿童开展问卷调查,分析HepB全程(HepB_(3))接种率和首剂(HepB1)及时接种率;检测血清乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)和核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb),分析乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)标志物阳性率和HBV感染率。结果在1130名调查对象中,HBsAg阳性率、HBsAb阳性率、HBcAb阳性率、HBV感染率分别为0.27%、49.65%、0.71%、1.15%(标化率:0.28%、42.48%、0.72%、1.30%),HepB_(3)接种率、HepB1及时接种率分别为98.14%、90.88%(标化率:97.85%、91.14%)。1-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为0.22%、0.27%、0.34%,HBV感染率分别为0.66%、1.07%、2.02%。HBsAg阳性、阴性/不详母亲所生儿童的HBsAg阳性率分别为6.06%、0.09%,HBV感染率分别为9.09%、0.91%。结论江苏省2020年1-14岁儿童乙肝感染率处于较低水平,显示高水平HepB接种率对控制儿童乙肝的显著效果;需继续加强新生儿HepB常规免疫和乙肝母婴传播阻断措施。展开更多
Background: Immunization averts a large number of children in each year. The burden of vaccine preventable diseases remains high in developing countries compared to developed countries. To overcome from this burden di...Background: Immunization averts a large number of children in each year. The burden of vaccine preventable diseases remains high in developing countries compared to developed countries. To overcome from this burden different types of immunization programs have been implemented. For better immunization coverage in developing countries, considerable progress is to be made to improve the knowledge and awareness regarding importance of vaccines. In this study a compara-tive study of immunization coverage under two sampling methods has been performed. Methods: In this study variance and design effect of proportion of children vaccinated against different types of vaccines (BCG, OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B, Hib, Measles and MMR) are estimated under two stage (30 × 30) cluster and systematic sampling for comparison of these two survey sampling methods. Also the homogeneity of clusters has been tested by using chi-square test. Results: It is observed that BCG, OPV and DPT vaccination coverage is more than 90% whereas Hepatitis B, Measles, Hib and MMR vaccination coverage is between 50% - 64% only. Here systematic random sampling is more complicated than two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling. Also the result shows that the clusters are homogeneous with respect to proportion of children vaccinated. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the two survey methodologies regarding the point estimation of vaccination coverage but estimation of variances of vaccination coverage is less in two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling than that of the systematic sampling. Also the clusters are homogeneous. Very less improvement has been observed in case of fully vaccination coverage than the previous study. From the study it can be said that two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling will be preferred to systematic sampling and simple random sampling method.展开更多
文摘目的了解江苏省儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)血清流行率和乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样,选取江苏省6个疾病监测县区1-14岁常住儿童开展问卷调查,分析HepB全程(HepB_(3))接种率和首剂(HepB1)及时接种率;检测血清乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)和核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb),分析乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)标志物阳性率和HBV感染率。结果在1130名调查对象中,HBsAg阳性率、HBsAb阳性率、HBcAb阳性率、HBV感染率分别为0.27%、49.65%、0.71%、1.15%(标化率:0.28%、42.48%、0.72%、1.30%),HepB_(3)接种率、HepB1及时接种率分别为98.14%、90.88%(标化率:97.85%、91.14%)。1-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为0.22%、0.27%、0.34%,HBV感染率分别为0.66%、1.07%、2.02%。HBsAg阳性、阴性/不详母亲所生儿童的HBsAg阳性率分别为6.06%、0.09%,HBV感染率分别为9.09%、0.91%。结论江苏省2020年1-14岁儿童乙肝感染率处于较低水平,显示高水平HepB接种率对控制儿童乙肝的显著效果;需继续加强新生儿HepB常规免疫和乙肝母婴传播阻断措施。
文摘Background: Immunization averts a large number of children in each year. The burden of vaccine preventable diseases remains high in developing countries compared to developed countries. To overcome from this burden different types of immunization programs have been implemented. For better immunization coverage in developing countries, considerable progress is to be made to improve the knowledge and awareness regarding importance of vaccines. In this study a compara-tive study of immunization coverage under two sampling methods has been performed. Methods: In this study variance and design effect of proportion of children vaccinated against different types of vaccines (BCG, OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B, Hib, Measles and MMR) are estimated under two stage (30 × 30) cluster and systematic sampling for comparison of these two survey sampling methods. Also the homogeneity of clusters has been tested by using chi-square test. Results: It is observed that BCG, OPV and DPT vaccination coverage is more than 90% whereas Hepatitis B, Measles, Hib and MMR vaccination coverage is between 50% - 64% only. Here systematic random sampling is more complicated than two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling. Also the result shows that the clusters are homogeneous with respect to proportion of children vaccinated. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the two survey methodologies regarding the point estimation of vaccination coverage but estimation of variances of vaccination coverage is less in two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling than that of the systematic sampling. Also the clusters are homogeneous. Very less improvement has been observed in case of fully vaccination coverage than the previous study. From the study it can be said that two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling will be preferred to systematic sampling and simple random sampling method.
