目的评价新疆3个项目县村级接种单位手机APP项目实施前后各项指标。方法选择3个项目县、6个乡(镇)开展乡、村级预防接种客户端(immunization unit client,IUC)的预防接种手机APP用户问卷调查,并收集2014—2016年出生儿童预防接种信息,...目的评价新疆3个项目县村级接种单位手机APP项目实施前后各项指标。方法选择3个项目县、6个乡(镇)开展乡、村级预防接种客户端(immunization unit client,IUC)的预防接种手机APP用户问卷调查,并收集2014—2016年出生儿童预防接种信息,进行描述性分析。结果抽查85名手机APP用户,男女性别比0.93∶1,年龄18~58岁,3个县用户的年龄(χ~2=20.691)、文化程度(χ~2=16.333)和工作年限(χ~2=24.712)构成差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);用户对手机APP的整体满意度达100%,使用手机APP录入一剂次预防接种记录的平均时间为1.70 min,项目县93.59%的用户认为手机APP减少了工作量,54.76%的用户愿意使用手机APP报告接种信息,71.73%的用户愿意推广APP给其他村医;项目实施后,项目县接种疫苗信息录入及时率由实施前的35.70%提高到78.99%,客户端儿童基本信息录入总完整率由45.05%上升到85.67%。结论手机APP缩短了信息上报时间,减少了工作量,用户对APP的满意度高;项目县接种疫苗儿童基本信息和疫苗信息录入率明显提高,存在偏远地区推广意义。展开更多
Introduction: COVID-19 was an emerging disease putting all public health systems in countries around the world in a state of emergency. To be able to prevent its spread and morbidity and mortality, several appropriate...Introduction: COVID-19 was an emerging disease putting all public health systems in countries around the world in a state of emergency. To be able to prevent its spread and morbidity and mortality, several appropriate strategies were necessary, such as vaccination. The latter has been the subject of controversy. The objective of the present study is therefore to evaluate the factors associated with the acceptance of this vaccine within the population of the Kasenga State Health Area. A result which will shed light on future strategies to be put in place for possible new vaccines. Methodology: Is a prospective and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a period of approximately 1 month from January 5 to February 5, 2024. A survey questionnaire in Kobotoolbox was useful for collecting data. STATA software was very important for us in analyzing the data collected. Results: Prevalence of vaccination against COVID-19 among the population of the Kasenga State Health Area is 37.5% (28.4 - 45.6). The study revealed that reluctance is observed among most of the population for different reasons, including, first and foremost, the deliberate aspect of not wanting to take the vaccine (46.6%) and rumors that this antigen is dangerous and harmful (32.9%). 72.5% of respondents believe that the COVID-19 vaccine is a fabrication, unhealthy and that the disease itself never existed. The study proved that there was a statistical relationship between age (p = 0.001) and adherence to vaccination. And the refusal of respondents to recommend the vaccine to loved ones was a factor associated with non-adherence to vaccination (OR = 7.901, 95% IC [3.028 - 20.615], p = 0.000). Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 was not well accepted by the population of the study site. Raising public awareness and involving community leaders and political-administrative authorities, which has not been done well, would play an important role in the good perception of the disease, of the vaccine and therefore in its adherence.展开更多
目的探讨深圳市南山区预防接种门诊的地理空间分布特征及服务可及性,为优化其空间配置提供依据。方法通过地理空间信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术,采用Ripley′s K函数和基于实际路网距离的服务区分析方法分别分析南...目的探讨深圳市南山区预防接种门诊的地理空间分布特征及服务可及性,为优化其空间配置提供依据。方法通过地理空间信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术,采用Ripley′s K函数和基于实际路网距离的服务区分析方法分别分析南山区预防接种门诊的空间分布格局和服务可及范围;可视化显示预防接种门诊服务资源的空间分布并分析其与人口分布一致性。结果南山区预防接种门诊在1.25 km阈值距离以上时,呈空间聚集分布(P<0.01);多数预防接种门诊服务资源和业务量规模均不大,服务资源较好、业务量较大的多集中分布于南部中心和北部中心位置,与人口聚集中心基本一致;预防接种门诊1.5 km半径服务区人口覆盖率接近91%,但服务区高度重合,重合区域主要聚集于南部中心。结论南山区预防接种门诊在中等尺度及以上距离呈空间聚集,服务资源总体上较充足,服务可及性高,但多数预防接种门诊服务资源规模和接种量均不大、服务可及范围高度重合。展开更多
Sirmaur district in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India is a hard-to-reach area situated in the western Himalayas having an extreme landscape with snow-laden mountains and extensive river systems that makes the del...Sirmaur district in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India is a hard-to-reach area situated in the western Himalayas having an extreme landscape with snow-laden mountains and extensive river systems that makes the delivery of immunization services extremely challenging. Vaccinators needed a long walk through the hilly terrain to reach outreach sites. Community mobilizers were unable to go house to house to inform the caregivers to bring children to the site for vaccination. Caregivers were unaware when the vaccinators arrive at the site. As a result, many children missed vaccination or were not vaccinated timely. Age-appropriate vaccination coverage (according to national immunization schedule) in the Sirmaur district was the lowest in the state. Thinking out-of-box to address the communication barriers with the caregivers, the traditional drum beating was used, for the first time in India, in two blocks of the Sirmaur district (Rajpura and Shillai). The initiative was planned and implemented by the district health system with the support of the local community leaders. An exit interview was conducted to know the reach of the drum beating to caregivers, and a baseline and end line household survey was conducted to know the outcome of the initiative on age-appropriate vaccination coverage. Analysis of exit interviews data indicated a very high reach of a drum beating to the caregivers;more than 97% of caregivers in Rajpura and 100% in Shillai heard drum beating, and almost 95% of caregivers in Rajpura and 98% in Shillai knew the purpose of drum beating. Analysis of immunization data from baseline and end line surveys showed improvement in age-appropriate vaccination coverage for all vaccines in Rajpura (by 2.2% for BCG, 15.3% for Pentavalent 1, 14.9% for Pentavalent 2, 14.1% for Pentavalent 3, and 6.5% for Measles/MR). In Shillai, age-appropriate vaccination coverage improved for Pentavalent 1 (by 3.4%), Pentavalent 2 (by 5%) and Measles/MR (by 1.7%). In addition, dropout rates were reduced in both the blocks, par展开更多
文摘目的 探索预防接种门诊等候区面积的评价方法。方法 参照高速公路服务区停车场面积需求量测算方法,测算预防接种门诊等候区面积匹配度(Matching for clinic waiting area, MCWA)即等候区面积实有量/等候区面积需求量(Clinic waiting area need, CWAN),CWAN=日服务人数×高峰率/周转率×人均用地面积;采用多阶段方便抽样选择全国6个省份99个预防接种门诊,调查2019年相关参数值并计算MCWA。结果 按免疫规划疫苗日服务人数计算,MCWA为0.00-0.39、0.40-0.79、0.80-0.99、1.00-1.19、1.20-1.59、≥1.60的预防接种门诊分别占调查预防接种门诊的5.05%、3.03%、1.01%、5.05%、12.12%、73.74%;按所有疫苗日服务人数计算,相应的预防接种门诊比例分别为7.07%、5.05%、7.07%、14.14%、12.12%、54.55%。结论 本研究方法显示调查地区大多数预防接种门诊等候区面积是合理的;该方法可为预防接种门诊等候区面积评价提供参考。
文摘目的评价新疆3个项目县村级接种单位手机APP项目实施前后各项指标。方法选择3个项目县、6个乡(镇)开展乡、村级预防接种客户端(immunization unit client,IUC)的预防接种手机APP用户问卷调查,并收集2014—2016年出生儿童预防接种信息,进行描述性分析。结果抽查85名手机APP用户,男女性别比0.93∶1,年龄18~58岁,3个县用户的年龄(χ~2=20.691)、文化程度(χ~2=16.333)和工作年限(χ~2=24.712)构成差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);用户对手机APP的整体满意度达100%,使用手机APP录入一剂次预防接种记录的平均时间为1.70 min,项目县93.59%的用户认为手机APP减少了工作量,54.76%的用户愿意使用手机APP报告接种信息,71.73%的用户愿意推广APP给其他村医;项目实施后,项目县接种疫苗信息录入及时率由实施前的35.70%提高到78.99%,客户端儿童基本信息录入总完整率由45.05%上升到85.67%。结论手机APP缩短了信息上报时间,减少了工作量,用户对APP的满意度高;项目县接种疫苗儿童基本信息和疫苗信息录入率明显提高,存在偏远地区推广意义。
文摘Introduction: COVID-19 was an emerging disease putting all public health systems in countries around the world in a state of emergency. To be able to prevent its spread and morbidity and mortality, several appropriate strategies were necessary, such as vaccination. The latter has been the subject of controversy. The objective of the present study is therefore to evaluate the factors associated with the acceptance of this vaccine within the population of the Kasenga State Health Area. A result which will shed light on future strategies to be put in place for possible new vaccines. Methodology: Is a prospective and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a period of approximately 1 month from January 5 to February 5, 2024. A survey questionnaire in Kobotoolbox was useful for collecting data. STATA software was very important for us in analyzing the data collected. Results: Prevalence of vaccination against COVID-19 among the population of the Kasenga State Health Area is 37.5% (28.4 - 45.6). The study revealed that reluctance is observed among most of the population for different reasons, including, first and foremost, the deliberate aspect of not wanting to take the vaccine (46.6%) and rumors that this antigen is dangerous and harmful (32.9%). 72.5% of respondents believe that the COVID-19 vaccine is a fabrication, unhealthy and that the disease itself never existed. The study proved that there was a statistical relationship between age (p = 0.001) and adherence to vaccination. And the refusal of respondents to recommend the vaccine to loved ones was a factor associated with non-adherence to vaccination (OR = 7.901, 95% IC [3.028 - 20.615], p = 0.000). Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 was not well accepted by the population of the study site. Raising public awareness and involving community leaders and political-administrative authorities, which has not been done well, would play an important role in the good perception of the disease, of the vaccine and therefore in its adherence.
文摘Sirmaur district in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India is a hard-to-reach area situated in the western Himalayas having an extreme landscape with snow-laden mountains and extensive river systems that makes the delivery of immunization services extremely challenging. Vaccinators needed a long walk through the hilly terrain to reach outreach sites. Community mobilizers were unable to go house to house to inform the caregivers to bring children to the site for vaccination. Caregivers were unaware when the vaccinators arrive at the site. As a result, many children missed vaccination or were not vaccinated timely. Age-appropriate vaccination coverage (according to national immunization schedule) in the Sirmaur district was the lowest in the state. Thinking out-of-box to address the communication barriers with the caregivers, the traditional drum beating was used, for the first time in India, in two blocks of the Sirmaur district (Rajpura and Shillai). The initiative was planned and implemented by the district health system with the support of the local community leaders. An exit interview was conducted to know the reach of the drum beating to caregivers, and a baseline and end line household survey was conducted to know the outcome of the initiative on age-appropriate vaccination coverage. Analysis of exit interviews data indicated a very high reach of a drum beating to the caregivers;more than 97% of caregivers in Rajpura and 100% in Shillai heard drum beating, and almost 95% of caregivers in Rajpura and 98% in Shillai knew the purpose of drum beating. Analysis of immunization data from baseline and end line surveys showed improvement in age-appropriate vaccination coverage for all vaccines in Rajpura (by 2.2% for BCG, 15.3% for Pentavalent 1, 14.9% for Pentavalent 2, 14.1% for Pentavalent 3, and 6.5% for Measles/MR). In Shillai, age-appropriate vaccination coverage improved for Pentavalent 1 (by 3.4%), Pentavalent 2 (by 5%) and Measles/MR (by 1.7%). In addition, dropout rates were reduced in both the blocks, par
