A novel SARS-related coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has recently emerged as a serious pathogen that causes high morbidity and substantial mortality.However,the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades host immunity remain poorly...A novel SARS-related coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has recently emerged as a serious pathogen that causes high morbidity and substantial mortality.However,the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades host immunity remain poorly understood.Here,we identified SARS-CoV-2 membrane glycoprotein M as a negative regulator of the innate immune response.We found that the M protein interacted with the central adaptor protein MAVS in the innate immune response pathways.This interaction impaired MAVS aggregation and its recruitment of downstream TRAF3,TBK1,and IRF3,leading to attenuation of the innate antiviral response.Our findings reveal a mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 evades the innate immune response and suggest that the M protein of SARSCoV-2 is a potential target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 interventions.展开更多
STING(stimulator of interferon genes)是天然免疫信号通路中一种新发现的蛋白质,在防御病毒及胞内细菌感染、介导Ⅰ型IFN产生过程中发挥重要功能.来自病原体的B型DNA与5′-3p dsRNA暴露在宿主细胞中后被相应的模式识别受体识别,通过...STING(stimulator of interferon genes)是天然免疫信号通路中一种新发现的蛋白质,在防御病毒及胞内细菌感染、介导Ⅰ型IFN产生过程中发挥重要功能.来自病原体的B型DNA与5′-3p dsRNA暴露在宿主细胞中后被相应的模式识别受体识别,通过不同的通路传递信号给STING.STING随后通过相似的机制招募TBK1激活IRF3,诱导干扰素表达.对细菌中的环二核苷酸c-di-GMP和c-di-AMP,STING则可以直接作为模式识别受体引发Ⅰ型干扰素反应.此外STING还能激活STAT6诱导特异趋化因子产生,吸引各种免疫细胞抵抗病毒感染.本文通过对STING的发现、结构、定位、功能、机理以及调节机制进行综述,以期为揭示病毒逃逸天然免疫调节机制和抗病毒新型免疫调节剂提供新的思路.展开更多
为研究猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)非结构蛋白7(nonstructural protein 7,Nsp7)的亚细胞定位和对细胞Ⅰ型干扰素(IFN)应答的影响,本试验利用生物信息学预测Nsp7基因序列,克隆了PEDV中国流行毒株Nsp7基因并构建真核表达载体pCAGGS-Nsp7;采用W...为研究猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)非结构蛋白7(nonstructural protein 7,Nsp7)的亚细胞定位和对细胞Ⅰ型干扰素(IFN)应答的影响,本试验利用生物信息学预测Nsp7基因序列,克隆了PEDV中国流行毒株Nsp7基因并构建真核表达载体pCAGGS-Nsp7;采用Western blot和间接免疫荧光试验检测Nsp7在细胞中的表达和分布;通过报告基因法、ELISA以及病毒复制抑制试验评估Nsp7对Ⅰ型IFN应答的影响。基因克隆和序列分析结果显示PEDV Nsp7基因大小为249bp,在不同PEDV毒株间高度保守;Western blot结果显示,Nsp7能够在转染细胞中高效表达;间接免疫荧光试验显示Nsp7主要定位在细胞质,仅少量分布在细胞核;双荧光报告基因试验表明Nsp7能显著抑制IFN-β启动子活性,ELISA结果显示Nsp7能显著抑制IFN-β蛋白的表达,同时水疱性口炎病毒复制抑制试验显示Nsp7明显抑制poly(I:C)介导的Ⅰ型IFN的抗病毒作用。结果提示,Nsp7作为PEDV的保守蛋白,具有拮抗Ⅰ型IFN应答的功能,为探讨和揭示PEDV逃逸宿主天然免疫应答的机制及指导临床疫苗使用奠定基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2020YFC0841000)the Strategic Priority Research Program(XDB29010302)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800732)the Key Research Programs of Frontier Sciences funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Special Research Assistant Grant Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘A novel SARS-related coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has recently emerged as a serious pathogen that causes high morbidity and substantial mortality.However,the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades host immunity remain poorly understood.Here,we identified SARS-CoV-2 membrane glycoprotein M as a negative regulator of the innate immune response.We found that the M protein interacted with the central adaptor protein MAVS in the innate immune response pathways.This interaction impaired MAVS aggregation and its recruitment of downstream TRAF3,TBK1,and IRF3,leading to attenuation of the innate antiviral response.Our findings reveal a mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 evades the innate immune response and suggest that the M protein of SARSCoV-2 is a potential target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 interventions.
文摘STING(stimulator of interferon genes)是天然免疫信号通路中一种新发现的蛋白质,在防御病毒及胞内细菌感染、介导Ⅰ型IFN产生过程中发挥重要功能.来自病原体的B型DNA与5′-3p dsRNA暴露在宿主细胞中后被相应的模式识别受体识别,通过不同的通路传递信号给STING.STING随后通过相似的机制招募TBK1激活IRF3,诱导干扰素表达.对细菌中的环二核苷酸c-di-GMP和c-di-AMP,STING则可以直接作为模式识别受体引发Ⅰ型干扰素反应.此外STING还能激活STAT6诱导特异趋化因子产生,吸引各种免疫细胞抵抗病毒感染.本文通过对STING的发现、结构、定位、功能、机理以及调节机制进行综述,以期为揭示病毒逃逸天然免疫调节机制和抗病毒新型免疫调节剂提供新的思路.
