Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a serious central nervous system trauma that leads to loss of motor and sensory functions in the SCI patients. One of the cell death mechanisms is autophagy, which is ‘self-eating' of t...Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a serious central nervous system trauma that leads to loss of motor and sensory functions in the SCI patients. One of the cell death mechanisms is autophagy, which is ‘self-eating' of the damaged and misfolded proteins and nucleic acids, damaged mitochondria, and other impaired organelles for recycling of cellular building blocks. Autophagy is different from all other cell death mechanisms in one important aspect that it gives the cells an opportunity to survive or demise depending on the circumstances. Autophagy is a therapeutic target for alleviation of pathogenesis in traumatic SCI. However, functions of autophagy in traumatic SCI remain controversial. Spatial and temporal patterns of activation of autophagy after traumatic SCI have been reported to be contradictory. Formation of autophagosomes following therapeutic activation or inhibition of autophagy flux is ambiguous in traumatic SCI studies. Both beneficial and harmful outcomes due to enhancement autophagy have been reported in traumatic SCI studies in preclinical models. Only further studies will make it clear whether therapeutic activation or inhibition of autophagy is beneficial in overall outcomes in preclinical models of traumatic SCI. Therapeutic enhancement of autophagy flux may digest the damaged components of the central nervous system cells for recycling and thereby facilitating functional recovery. Many studies demonstrated activation of autophagy flux and inhibition of apoptosis for neuroprotective effects in traumatic SCI. Therapeutic induction of autophagy in traumatic SCI promotes axonal regeneration, supporting another beneficial role of autophagy in traumatic SCI. In contrast, some other studies demonstrated that disruption of autophagy flux in traumatic SCI strongly correlated with neuronal death at remote location and impaired functional recovery. This article describes our current understanding of roles of autophagy in acute and chronic traumatic SCI, crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, therapeutic a展开更多
目的通过文献回顾和Delphi法以循证医学为基础构建标准化、创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。方法运用Delphi专家咨询法构建创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。2011年6-12月,选取上海市两所三级综合性医院骨脊...目的通过文献回顾和Delphi法以循证医学为基础构建标准化、创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。方法运用Delphi专家咨询法构建创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。2011年6-12月,选取上海市两所三级综合性医院骨脊柱科和骨创伤科住院的患者113例为研究对象,根据其住院单双号将其分为对照组和肢体功能康复训练方案组(简称方案组),比较两组患者肢体功能康复知识掌握程度和并发症的发生率。结果在肢体主动和被动锻炼的方法、疼痛的汇报和缓解方法、出院后各种并发症预防方法与重要性等方面,方案组患者掌握程度明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在关节活动范围(range of motion,ROM)缩小、便秘和腹胀等并发症的发生率上,方案组患者优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案能提高脊髓损伤患者对肢体功能康复知识的认知水平,并且明显减少术后并发症的发生,促进了患者肢体功能的康复,提高了患者的生活质量。展开更多
目的:通过Meta分析对中国创伤性脊髓损伤(traumatic spinal cord injury,TSCI)患者的流行病学特征进行评价。方法:计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of TSCIence、万方数据、维普网(vip citation databases,VIP)和中国知网(...目的:通过Meta分析对中国创伤性脊髓损伤(traumatic spinal cord injury,TSCI)患者的流行病学特征进行评价。方法:计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of TSCIence、万方数据、维普网(vip citation databases,VIP)和中国知网(China national knowledge infrastructure,CNKI),检索时限均从2017年8月31日~2023年2月28日,收集有关中国地区TSCI流行病学特征及相关并发症和合并伤的研究,对文献所报道的TSCI发病率、年龄特征、男女比例、病因学占比、损伤节段和损伤程度等数据进行提取。由2名研究人员独立检索与筛选文献、提取文献数据,并对纳入研究的文献按照AHRQ(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)横断面研究评价标准进行质量评价。采用Stata 17.0软件进行单臂研究数据的Meta分析,整合纳入文献中的各项流行病学数据,分析结果由森林图表示。结果:共纳入符合标准的中英文文献21篇,对文献中报道的TSCI患者数据进行Meta合并分析,结果显示,我国TSCI年发病率为0.06‰[95%CI(0.04‰~0.08‰)]。TSCI男性患者多于女性患者,性别比例为(1.86~4.73)∶1,所有患者的平均年龄范围为32.09~53.92岁。中国TSCI的主要病因是高处坠落、交通事故和低处跌倒,其占比分别为30%、31%和25%。中国TSCI患者的主要损伤部位是颈段和胸段,占比分别为55%和21%。TSCI损伤的严重程度按照ASIA分级进行评定,以A级和D级损伤占比最大,分别为30%和38%。中国TSCI患者伴随合并伤的概率为56%[95%CI(45%~67%)],主要是头部损伤和肢体骨折。TSCI后产生并发症的概率31%[95%CI(24%~38%)],以呼吸系统感染和泌尿系感染为主。结论:当前中国TSCI发病率偏高,跌倒和交通事故是其主要病因。损伤节段以颈段为主,损伤程度以ASIA A级和ASIA D级占比最多。超过半数的患者会有身体其他部位的合并伤,近1/3的患者会在TSCI后产生并发症。展开更多
基金supported in part by the Investigator Initiated Research grant(SCIRF-2015-I-0)from the South Carolina Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund(SCIRF,Columbia,SC,US)an incentive award from the Soy Health Research Program(SHRP,United Soybean Board,Chesterfield,MO,US)the R01 grants(CA91460 and NS057811)from the National Institutes of Health(Bethesda,MD,US)
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a serious central nervous system trauma that leads to loss of motor and sensory functions in the SCI patients. One of the cell death mechanisms is autophagy, which is ‘self-eating' of the damaged and misfolded proteins and nucleic acids, damaged mitochondria, and other impaired organelles for recycling of cellular building blocks. Autophagy is different from all other cell death mechanisms in one important aspect that it gives the cells an opportunity to survive or demise depending on the circumstances. Autophagy is a therapeutic target for alleviation of pathogenesis in traumatic SCI. However, functions of autophagy in traumatic SCI remain controversial. Spatial and temporal patterns of activation of autophagy after traumatic SCI have been reported to be contradictory. Formation of autophagosomes following therapeutic activation or inhibition of autophagy flux is ambiguous in traumatic SCI studies. Both beneficial and harmful outcomes due to enhancement autophagy have been reported in traumatic SCI studies in preclinical models. Only further studies will make it clear whether therapeutic activation or inhibition of autophagy is beneficial in overall outcomes in preclinical models of traumatic SCI. Therapeutic enhancement of autophagy flux may digest the damaged components of the central nervous system cells for recycling and thereby facilitating functional recovery. Many studies demonstrated activation of autophagy flux and inhibition of apoptosis for neuroprotective effects in traumatic SCI. Therapeutic induction of autophagy in traumatic SCI promotes axonal regeneration, supporting another beneficial role of autophagy in traumatic SCI. In contrast, some other studies demonstrated that disruption of autophagy flux in traumatic SCI strongly correlated with neuronal death at remote location and impaired functional recovery. This article describes our current understanding of roles of autophagy in acute and chronic traumatic SCI, crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, therapeutic a
文摘目的通过文献回顾和Delphi法以循证医学为基础构建标准化、创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。方法运用Delphi专家咨询法构建创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案。2011年6-12月,选取上海市两所三级综合性医院骨脊柱科和骨创伤科住院的患者113例为研究对象,根据其住院单双号将其分为对照组和肢体功能康复训练方案组(简称方案组),比较两组患者肢体功能康复知识掌握程度和并发症的发生率。结果在肢体主动和被动锻炼的方法、疼痛的汇报和缓解方法、出院后各种并发症预防方法与重要性等方面,方案组患者掌握程度明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在关节活动范围(range of motion,ROM)缩小、便秘和腹胀等并发症的发生率上,方案组患者优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后肢体功能康复训练方案能提高脊髓损伤患者对肢体功能康复知识的认知水平,并且明显减少术后并发症的发生,促进了患者肢体功能的康复,提高了患者的生活质量。
文摘目的:通过Meta分析对中国创伤性脊髓损伤(traumatic spinal cord injury,TSCI)患者的流行病学特征进行评价。方法:计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of TSCIence、万方数据、维普网(vip citation databases,VIP)和中国知网(China national knowledge infrastructure,CNKI),检索时限均从2017年8月31日~2023年2月28日,收集有关中国地区TSCI流行病学特征及相关并发症和合并伤的研究,对文献所报道的TSCI发病率、年龄特征、男女比例、病因学占比、损伤节段和损伤程度等数据进行提取。由2名研究人员独立检索与筛选文献、提取文献数据,并对纳入研究的文献按照AHRQ(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)横断面研究评价标准进行质量评价。采用Stata 17.0软件进行单臂研究数据的Meta分析,整合纳入文献中的各项流行病学数据,分析结果由森林图表示。结果:共纳入符合标准的中英文文献21篇,对文献中报道的TSCI患者数据进行Meta合并分析,结果显示,我国TSCI年发病率为0.06‰[95%CI(0.04‰~0.08‰)]。TSCI男性患者多于女性患者,性别比例为(1.86~4.73)∶1,所有患者的平均年龄范围为32.09~53.92岁。中国TSCI的主要病因是高处坠落、交通事故和低处跌倒,其占比分别为30%、31%和25%。中国TSCI患者的主要损伤部位是颈段和胸段,占比分别为55%和21%。TSCI损伤的严重程度按照ASIA分级进行评定,以A级和D级损伤占比最大,分别为30%和38%。中国TSCI患者伴随合并伤的概率为56%[95%CI(45%~67%)],主要是头部损伤和肢体骨折。TSCI后产生并发症的概率31%[95%CI(24%~38%)],以呼吸系统感染和泌尿系感染为主。结论:当前中国TSCI发病率偏高,跌倒和交通事故是其主要病因。损伤节段以颈段为主,损伤程度以ASIA A级和ASIA D级占比最多。超过半数的患者会有身体其他部位的合并伤,近1/3的患者会在TSCI后产生并发症。
