Axonal junction defects and an inhibitory environment after spinal cord injury seriously hinder the regeneration of damaged tissues and neuronal functions. At the site of spinal cord injury, regenerative biomaterials ...Axonal junction defects and an inhibitory environment after spinal cord injury seriously hinder the regeneration of damaged tissues and neuronal functions. At the site of spinal cord injury, regenerative biomaterials can fill cavities, deliver curative drugs, and provide adsorption sites for transplanted or host cells. Some regenerative biomaterials can also inhibit apoptosis, inflammation and glial scar formation, or further promote neurogenesis, axonal growth and angiogenesis. This review summarized a variety of biomaterial scaffolds made of natural, synthetic, and combined materials applied to spinal cord injury repair. Although these biomaterial scaffolds have shown a certain therapeutic effect in spinal cord injury repair, there are still many problems to be resolved, such as product standards and material safety and effectiveness.展开更多
An appropriate cell microenvironment is key to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Revealing the factors that influence the cell microenvironment is a fundamental research topic in the fields of cell biology,...An appropriate cell microenvironment is key to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Revealing the factors that influence the cell microenvironment is a fundamental research topic in the fields of cell biology,biomaterials,tissue engineering,and regenerative medicine.The cell microenvironment consists of not only its surrounding cells and soluble factors,but also its extracellular matrix(ECM)or nearby external biomaterials in tissue engineering and regeneration.This review focuses on six aspects of bioma-terial-related cell microenvironments:①chemical composition of materials,②material dimensions and architecture,③material-controlled cell geometry,④effects of material charges on cells,⑤matrix stiff-ness and biomechanical microenvironment,and⑥surface modification of materials.The present chal-lenges in tissue engineering are also mentioned,and eight perspectives are predicted.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by several genetic and epigenetic alterations occurring in epithelial cells. It is increasingly recognized that tumour progression is also regulated by ...Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by several genetic and epigenetic alterations occurring in epithelial cells. It is increasingly recognized that tumour progression is also regulated by tumour microenvironment(TME). The bidirectional cross-talk between tumour resident adipocytes and cancer cells within TME has been proposed as active contributor to carcinogenesis. Tumour resident adipocytes exhibit an activated phenotype characterized by increased secretion of pro-tumorigenic factors(angiogenic/inflammatory/immune) which contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasion, neoangiogenesis, evasion of immune surveillance and therapy resistance. Furthermore, adipocytes represent a fuel rich source for increasing energy demand of rapidly proliferating tumour cells. Interestingly, a relationship between obesity and molecular variants in CRC has recently been identified. Whether adipose tissue promotes cancer progression in subsets of molecular phenotypes or whether local tissue adipocytes are involved in inactivation of tumour suppressor genes and/or activation of oncogenes still needs to be explored. This editorial highlights the major findings related to crosstalk between adipocytes and colon cancer cells and how local paracrine interactions may promote cancer progression. Furthermore, we provide future strategies in studying colonic TME which could provide insights in bidirectional cross-talk mechanisms between adipocytes and colonic epithelial cells. This could enable to decipher critical signalling pathways of both early colonic carcinogenesis and cancer progression.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma is difficult to treat,primarilybecause the underlying molecular mechanisms drivingclinical outcome are still poorly understood.Growingevidence suggests that the tissue microenvironmenthas a ro...Hepatocellular carcinoma is difficult to treat,primarilybecause the underlying molecular mechanisms drivingclinical outcome are still poorly understood.Growingevidence suggests that the tissue microenvironmenthas a role in the biological behavior of the tumor.Themain clinical issue is to identify the best target fortherapeutic approaches.Here,we discuss the hypothesis that the entire tissue microenvironment might beconsidered as a biological target.However,the tissuemicroenvironment consists of several cellular and biochemical components,each of which displays a distinctbiological activity.We discuss the major components ofthis environment and consider how they may interactto promote tumor/host crosstalk.展开更多
Studying physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in the liver on a molecular basis is a challenging task.During two dimensional(2D) culture conditions hepatocytes dedifferentiate rapidly by losing metabolic fu...Studying physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in the liver on a molecular basis is a challenging task.During two dimensional(2D) culture conditions hepatocytes dedifferentiate rapidly by losing metabolic functions and structural integrity.Hence,inappropriate 2D hepatocellular models hamper studies on the xenobiotic metabolism of the liver which strongly influences drug potency.Also,the lack of effective therapies against hepatocellular carcinoma shows the urgent need for robust models to investigate liver functions in a defined hepatic microenvironment.Here,we summarize and discuss three-dimensional cultures of hepatocytes,herein referred to as hepatospheres,which provide versatile tools to investigate hepatic metabolism,stemness and cancer development.展开更多
The genome of cells is constantly challenged by DNA damages from endogenous metabolism and environmental agents.These damages could potentially lead to genomic instability and thus to tumorigenesis.To cope with the th...The genome of cells is constantly challenged by DNA damages from endogenous metabolism and environmental agents.These damages could potentially lead to genomic instability and thus to tumorigenesis.To cope with the threats, cells have evolved an intricate network, namely DNA damage response(DDR) system that senses and deals with the lesions of DNA.Although the DDR operates by relatively uniform principles, different tissues give rise to distinct types of DNA damages combined with high diversity of microenvironments across tissues.In this review, we discuss recent findings on specific DNA damage among different tissues as well as the main DNA repair way in corresponding microenvironments, highlighting tissue specificity of DDR and tumorigenesis.We hope the current review will provide further insights into molecular process of tumorigenesis and generate new strategies for cancer treatment.展开更多
开发了一种多层纸芯片细胞培养平台,将乳腺癌细胞分别接种于多层的图形化纸芯片的亲水区,折叠后构建了仿真实体肿瘤。多层纸芯片覆以微孔薄膜,用以仿真血管内皮层。培养不同时间后,拆解多层纸芯片检测乳腺癌组织内各层面的细胞形态、存...开发了一种多层纸芯片细胞培养平台,将乳腺癌细胞分别接种于多层的图形化纸芯片的亲水区,折叠后构建了仿真实体肿瘤。多层纸芯片覆以微孔薄膜,用以仿真血管内皮层。培养不同时间后,拆解多层纸芯片检测乳腺癌组织内各层面的细胞形态、存活率、细胞周期分布以及细胞内乳酸含量。实验结果显示,各层纸芯片培养的乳腺癌细胞存活率均高于80%,并形成了类组织结构。芯片乳腺癌组织内部呈酸化倾向,且酸化程度随着培养时间的延长而升高。与二维(2D)培养细胞相比较,纸芯片乳腺癌组织内细胞增殖比例显著降低(15%vs 60%)。多层纸芯片乳腺癌组织显示了更接近体内情况的药物反应机制,细胞存活率随阿霉素浓度升高呈现缓慢下降趋势,IC50值显著高于2D培养细胞组(5.0μmol/L vs 1.144μmol/L)。这种多层纸芯片乳腺癌组织微阵列构建简便、仿真度高,有望成为抗肿瘤药物反应测试的有力工具。展开更多
Soft tissue integration around titanium(Ti)implants is weaker than that around natural teeth,compromising long-term success of Ti implants.Carbon monoxide(CO)possesses distinctive therapeutic properties,rendering it a...Soft tissue integration around titanium(Ti)implants is weaker than that around natural teeth,compromising long-term success of Ti implants.Carbon monoxide(CO)possesses distinctive therapeutic properties,rendering it as a highly promising candidate for enhancing STI.However,achieving controlled CO generation at the STI interface remains challenging.Herein,a controlled CO-releasing dual-function coating was constructed on Ti surfaces.Under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation,the designed surface could actively accelerate CO generation for antibiosis against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.More importantly,in the absence of NIR,the slow release of CO induces macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory phenotype towards pro-regenerative phenotype.In a rat implantation model with induced infection,the designed surface effectively controlled the bacterial infection,alleviates accompanying inflammation and modulated immune microenvironment,leading to enhanced STI.Single-cell sequencing revealed that the coating alters the cytokine profile within the soft tissue,thereby influencing cellular functions.Differentially expressed genes in macrophages are highly enriched in the PIK3-Akt pathway.Furthermore,the cellular communication between fibroblasts and macrophages was significantly enhanced through the CXCL12/CXCL14/CXCR4 and CSF1-CSF1R ligand-receptor pair.These findings indicate that our coating showed an appealing prospect for enhancing STI around Ti implants,which would ultimately contribute to the improved long-term success of Ti implants.展开更多
Successful wound healing depends on the reconstruction of proper tissue homeostasis,particularly in the posttraumatic inflammatory tissue microenvironment.Diabetes jeopardizes tissues’immune homeostasis in cutaneous ...Successful wound healing depends on the reconstruction of proper tissue homeostasis,particularly in the posttraumatic inflammatory tissue microenvironment.Diabetes jeopardizes tissues’immune homeostasis in cutaneous wounds,causing persistent chronic inflammation and cytokine dysfunction.Previously,we developed an autologous regeneration factor(ARF)technology to extract the cytokine composite from autologous tissue to restore immune homeostasis and promote wound healing.However,treatment efficacy was significantly compromised in diabetic conditions.Therefore,we proposed that a combination of melatonin and ARF,which is beneficial for proper immune homeostasis reconstruction,could be an effective treatment for diabetic wounds.Our research showed that the utilization of melatonin-mediated ARF biogel(AM gel)promoted diabetic wound regeneration at a more rapid healing rate.RNA-Seq analysis showed that AM gel treatment could restore more favorable immune tissue homeostasis with unique inflammatory patterning as a result of the diminished intensity of acute and chronic inflammation.Currently,AM gel could be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds in clinical practice through favorable immune homeostatic reconstructions in the tissue microenvironment and proper posttraumatic inflammation patterning.展开更多
Obesity triggers inflammatory responses in the microenvironment of white adipose tissue, resulting in chronic systemic inflammation and the subsequent development of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabete...Obesity triggers inflammatory responses in the microenvironment of white adipose tissue, resulting in chronic systemic inflammation and the subsequent development of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and breast cancer. Current therapy approaches for obesity-induced non-communicable diseases persist in prioritizing symptom remission while frequently overlooking the criticality of targeting and alleviating inflammation at its source. Accordingly, this review highlights the importance of the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue and the promising potential of employing immunotherapy to target it as an effective therapeutic approach for non-communicable diseases induced by obesity. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and offers perspective about the immunotherapy targeting the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue.展开更多
Innate lymphocytes(ILCs)rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer.ILCs include natural killer(NK)cells,ILC1s,ILC2s,ILC3s,and lymphoid tissue inducer(LTi)cells and include type I,type II,and ...Innate lymphocytes(ILCs)rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer.ILCs include natural killer(NK)cells,ILC1s,ILC2s,ILC3s,and lymphoid tissue inducer(LTi)cells and include type I,type II,and type III immune cells.While NK cells have been well recognized for their role in antiviral immunity,other ILC subtypes are emerging as players in antiviral defense.Each ILC subset has specialized functions that uniquely impact the antiviral immunity and health of the host depending on the tissue microenvironment.This review focuses on the specialized functions of each ILC subtype and their roles in antiviral immune responses across tissues.Several viruses within infection-prone tissues will be highlighted to provide an overview of the extent of the ILC immunity within tissues and emphasize common versus virus-specific responses.展开更多
Since the beginning of 2017, Chinese Journal of Cancer has published a series of important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology to promote cancer research and accelerate collaborations. In this article, ...Since the beginning of 2017, Chinese Journal of Cancer has published a series of important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology to promote cancer research and accelerate collaborations. In this article, 10 questions are presented as followed. Question 76. How to develop effective therapeutics for cancer cachexia? Question 77.How can we develop preclinical animal models to recapitulate clinical situations of cancer patients for more effective anti-cancer drug development? Question 78. How can we develop novel effective therapeutics for pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma? Question 79. What are the true beneficial mechanisms of antiangiogenic therapy in cancer patients? Question 80. How to approach the complex mechanisms of interplay among various cellular and molecular components in the tumor microenvironment? Question 81. Can tissue oxygenation improve the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy on cancer? Question 82. Can tissue oxygenation improve the efficacy of radiotherapy on digestive system tumors including liver cancer? Question 83. Can we integrate metabolic priming into multimodal management of liver cancer? Question 84. Has the limit of anti-androgen strategy in prostate cancer treatment been reached by the new generation of anti-androgen drugs? Question 85. Can we identify individuals with early-stage cancers via analyzing their clinical and non-clinical information collected from social media, shopping history, and clinical, pathological, and molecular traces?展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81571213(to BW),No.81800583(to YYX)the 13~(th) Six Talent Peaks Project(C type)of Jiangsu Province of China(to BW)+1 种基金the Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation of Nanjing of China,No.QRX17006(to BW)the Medical Science and Innovation Platform of Nanjing of China,No.ZDX16005(to BW)
文摘Axonal junction defects and an inhibitory environment after spinal cord injury seriously hinder the regeneration of damaged tissues and neuronal functions. At the site of spinal cord injury, regenerative biomaterials can fill cavities, deliver curative drugs, and provide adsorption sites for transplanted or host cells. Some regenerative biomaterials can also inhibit apoptosis, inflammation and glial scar formation, or further promote neurogenesis, axonal growth and angiogenesis. This review summarized a variety of biomaterial scaffolds made of natural, synthetic, and combined materials applied to spinal cord injury repair. Although these biomaterial scaffolds have shown a certain therapeutic effect in spinal cord injury repair, there are still many problems to be resolved, such as product standards and material safety and effectiveness.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21961160721 and 52130302)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1100300)
文摘An appropriate cell microenvironment is key to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Revealing the factors that influence the cell microenvironment is a fundamental research topic in the fields of cell biology,biomaterials,tissue engineering,and regenerative medicine.The cell microenvironment consists of not only its surrounding cells and soluble factors,but also its extracellular matrix(ECM)or nearby external biomaterials in tissue engineering and regeneration.This review focuses on six aspects of bioma-terial-related cell microenvironments:①chemical composition of materials,②material dimensions and architecture,③material-controlled cell geometry,④effects of material charges on cells,⑤matrix stiff-ness and biomechanical microenvironment,and⑥surface modification of materials.The present chal-lenges in tissue engineering are also mentioned,and eight perspectives are predicted.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by several genetic and epigenetic alterations occurring in epithelial cells. It is increasingly recognized that tumour progression is also regulated by tumour microenvironment(TME). The bidirectional cross-talk between tumour resident adipocytes and cancer cells within TME has been proposed as active contributor to carcinogenesis. Tumour resident adipocytes exhibit an activated phenotype characterized by increased secretion of pro-tumorigenic factors(angiogenic/inflammatory/immune) which contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasion, neoangiogenesis, evasion of immune surveillance and therapy resistance. Furthermore, adipocytes represent a fuel rich source for increasing energy demand of rapidly proliferating tumour cells. Interestingly, a relationship between obesity and molecular variants in CRC has recently been identified. Whether adipose tissue promotes cancer progression in subsets of molecular phenotypes or whether local tissue adipocytes are involved in inactivation of tumour suppressor genes and/or activation of oncogenes still needs to be explored. This editorial highlights the major findings related to crosstalk between adipocytes and colon cancer cells and how local paracrine interactions may promote cancer progression. Furthermore, we provide future strategies in studying colonic TME which could provide insights in bidirectional cross-talk mechanisms between adipocytes and colonic epithelial cells. This could enable to decipher critical signalling pathways of both early colonic carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
基金Supported by EU-Marie Curie Initial Training Network(ITN),FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN 2012,Grant Agreement No.316549
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is difficult to treat,primarilybecause the underlying molecular mechanisms drivingclinical outcome are still poorly understood.Growingevidence suggests that the tissue microenvironmenthas a role in the biological behavior of the tumor.Themain clinical issue is to identify the best target fortherapeutic approaches.Here,we discuss the hypothesis that the entire tissue microenvironment might beconsidered as a biological target.However,the tissuemicroenvironment consists of several cellular and biochemical components,each of which displays a distinctbiological activity.We discuss the major components ofthis environment and consider how they may interactto promote tumor/host crosstalk.
基金Supported by the Austrian Science Fund,FWF,NO.P19598-B13 and SFB F28,the"Hochschuljubilumsstiftung der Stadt Wien",the Herzfelder Family Foundationthe European Union,FP7 Health Research,NO.HEALTH-F4-2008-202047
文摘Studying physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in the liver on a molecular basis is a challenging task.During two dimensional(2D) culture conditions hepatocytes dedifferentiate rapidly by losing metabolic functions and structural integrity.Hence,inappropriate 2D hepatocellular models hamper studies on the xenobiotic metabolism of the liver which strongly influences drug potency.Also,the lack of effective therapies against hepatocellular carcinoma shows the urgent need for robust models to investigate liver functions in a defined hepatic microenvironment.Here,we summarize and discuss three-dimensional cultures of hepatocytes,herein referred to as hepatospheres,which provide versatile tools to investigate hepatic metabolism,stemness and cancer development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81622035, 81672610, and 81521002)
文摘The genome of cells is constantly challenged by DNA damages from endogenous metabolism and environmental agents.These damages could potentially lead to genomic instability and thus to tumorigenesis.To cope with the threats, cells have evolved an intricate network, namely DNA damage response(DDR) system that senses and deals with the lesions of DNA.Although the DDR operates by relatively uniform principles, different tissues give rise to distinct types of DNA damages combined with high diversity of microenvironments across tissues.In this review, we discuss recent findings on specific DNA damage among different tissues as well as the main DNA repair way in corresponding microenvironments, highlighting tissue specificity of DDR and tumorigenesis.We hope the current review will provide further insights into molecular process of tumorigenesis and generate new strategies for cancer treatment.
文摘开发了一种多层纸芯片细胞培养平台,将乳腺癌细胞分别接种于多层的图形化纸芯片的亲水区,折叠后构建了仿真实体肿瘤。多层纸芯片覆以微孔薄膜,用以仿真血管内皮层。培养不同时间后,拆解多层纸芯片检测乳腺癌组织内各层面的细胞形态、存活率、细胞周期分布以及细胞内乳酸含量。实验结果显示,各层纸芯片培养的乳腺癌细胞存活率均高于80%,并形成了类组织结构。芯片乳腺癌组织内部呈酸化倾向,且酸化程度随着培养时间的延长而升高。与二维(2D)培养细胞相比较,纸芯片乳腺癌组织内细胞增殖比例显著降低(15%vs 60%)。多层纸芯片乳腺癌组织显示了更接近体内情况的药物反应机制,细胞存活率随阿霉素浓度升高呈现缓慢下降趋势,IC50值显著高于2D培养细胞组(5.0μmol/L vs 1.144μmol/L)。这种多层纸芯片乳腺癌组织微阵列构建简便、仿真度高,有望成为抗肿瘤药物反应测试的有力工具。
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of China(52073224 and 52073230)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2023-JC-JQ-32)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2024SFYBXM-438 and 2022SF-165)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0225).
文摘Soft tissue integration around titanium(Ti)implants is weaker than that around natural teeth,compromising long-term success of Ti implants.Carbon monoxide(CO)possesses distinctive therapeutic properties,rendering it as a highly promising candidate for enhancing STI.However,achieving controlled CO generation at the STI interface remains challenging.Herein,a controlled CO-releasing dual-function coating was constructed on Ti surfaces.Under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation,the designed surface could actively accelerate CO generation for antibiosis against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.More importantly,in the absence of NIR,the slow release of CO induces macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory phenotype towards pro-regenerative phenotype.In a rat implantation model with induced infection,the designed surface effectively controlled the bacterial infection,alleviates accompanying inflammation and modulated immune microenvironment,leading to enhanced STI.Single-cell sequencing revealed that the coating alters the cytokine profile within the soft tissue,thereby influencing cellular functions.Differentially expressed genes in macrophages are highly enriched in the PIK3-Akt pathway.Furthermore,the cellular communication between fibroblasts and macrophages was significantly enhanced through the CXCL12/CXCL14/CXCR4 and CSF1-CSF1R ligand-receptor pair.These findings indicate that our coating showed an appealing prospect for enhancing STI around Ti implants,which would ultimately contribute to the improved long-term success of Ti implants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.81772354,81902189,82072409)Clinical Innovation Research Program of Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory(2018GZR0201002)+3 种基金Science Technology Project of Guangzhou City(201804010185)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515012020)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Foshan City(1920001000025)National Young Thousand-Talent Scheme to Zhang Zhi-Yong.
文摘Successful wound healing depends on the reconstruction of proper tissue homeostasis,particularly in the posttraumatic inflammatory tissue microenvironment.Diabetes jeopardizes tissues’immune homeostasis in cutaneous wounds,causing persistent chronic inflammation and cytokine dysfunction.Previously,we developed an autologous regeneration factor(ARF)technology to extract the cytokine composite from autologous tissue to restore immune homeostasis and promote wound healing.However,treatment efficacy was significantly compromised in diabetic conditions.Therefore,we proposed that a combination of melatonin and ARF,which is beneficial for proper immune homeostasis reconstruction,could be an effective treatment for diabetic wounds.Our research showed that the utilization of melatonin-mediated ARF biogel(AM gel)promoted diabetic wound regeneration at a more rapid healing rate.RNA-Seq analysis showed that AM gel treatment could restore more favorable immune tissue homeostasis with unique inflammatory patterning as a result of the diminished intensity of acute and chronic inflammation.Currently,AM gel could be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds in clinical practice through favorable immune homeostatic reconstructions in the tissue microenvironment and proper posttraumatic inflammation patterning.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(No.NRF-2022R1A4A1030421 and NRF-2020R1A2C3005834).
文摘Obesity triggers inflammatory responses in the microenvironment of white adipose tissue, resulting in chronic systemic inflammation and the subsequent development of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and breast cancer. Current therapy approaches for obesity-induced non-communicable diseases persist in prioritizing symptom remission while frequently overlooking the criticality of targeting and alleviating inflammation at its source. Accordingly, this review highlights the importance of the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue and the promising potential of employing immunotherapy to target it as an effective therapeutic approach for non-communicable diseases induced by obesity. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and offers perspective about the immunotherapy targeting the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue.
文摘Innate lymphocytes(ILCs)rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer.ILCs include natural killer(NK)cells,ILC1s,ILC2s,ILC3s,and lymphoid tissue inducer(LTi)cells and include type I,type II,and type III immune cells.While NK cells have been well recognized for their role in antiviral immunity,other ILC subtypes are emerging as players in antiviral defense.Each ILC subset has specialized functions that uniquely impact the antiviral immunity and health of the host depending on the tissue microenvironment.This review focuses on the specialized functions of each ILC subtype and their roles in antiviral immune responses across tissues.Several viruses within infection-prone tissues will be highlighted to provide an overview of the extent of the ILC immunity within tissues and emphasize common versus virus-specific responses.
文摘Since the beginning of 2017, Chinese Journal of Cancer has published a series of important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology to promote cancer research and accelerate collaborations. In this article, 10 questions are presented as followed. Question 76. How to develop effective therapeutics for cancer cachexia? Question 77.How can we develop preclinical animal models to recapitulate clinical situations of cancer patients for more effective anti-cancer drug development? Question 78. How can we develop novel effective therapeutics for pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma? Question 79. What are the true beneficial mechanisms of antiangiogenic therapy in cancer patients? Question 80. How to approach the complex mechanisms of interplay among various cellular and molecular components in the tumor microenvironment? Question 81. Can tissue oxygenation improve the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy on cancer? Question 82. Can tissue oxygenation improve the efficacy of radiotherapy on digestive system tumors including liver cancer? Question 83. Can we integrate metabolic priming into multimodal management of liver cancer? Question 84. Has the limit of anti-androgen strategy in prostate cancer treatment been reached by the new generation of anti-androgen drugs? Question 85. Can we identify individuals with early-stage cancers via analyzing their clinical and non-clinical information collected from social media, shopping history, and clinical, pathological, and molecular traces?
