Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is a major threat to women's health. Currently, with comprehensive treatment modalities, the outcomes of breast cancer are among the best of solid tumors. A...Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is a major threat to women's health. Currently, with comprehensive treatment modalities, the outcomes of breast cancer are among the best of solid tumors. A set of Chinese guidelines and recommendations are developed to standardize the clinical practice, to ensure the quality and safety of medical service, and to ultimately improve the survival of breast cancer patients.展开更多
The function of the air target threat evaluation （TE） is the foundation for weapons allocation and senor resources management within the surface air defense. The multi-attribute evaluation methodology is utilized to...The function of the air target threat evaluation （TE） is the foundation for weapons allocation and senor resources management within the surface air defense. The multi-attribute evaluation methodology is utilized to address the issue of the TE in which the tactic features of the detected target are treated as evaluation attributes. Meanwhile, the intuitionistic fuzzy set （IFS） is employed to deal with information uncertainty in the TE process. Furthermore, on the basis of the entropy weight and inclusion-comparison probability, a hybrid TE method is developed. In order to accommodate the demands of naturalistic decision making, the proposed method allows air defense commanders to express their intuitive opinions besides incorporating into the threat features of the detected target. An illustrative example is provided to indicate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method.展开更多
依据中国哺乳类野生种群与生境现状,我们利用IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria(Version 3.1),Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria和Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regio...依据中国哺乳类野生种群与生境现状,我们利用IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria(Version 3.1),Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria和Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels(Version 4.0),评价了中国所有已知的673种哺乳动物的濒危状况。本次评估了71种《IUCN濒危物种红色名录(2015)》没有评估的哺乳动物,还评估了60种《IUCN濒危物种红色名录(2015)》误认为中国没有分布的哺乳动物。发现中国有3种哺乳动物"野外灭绝",3种"区域灭绝"。受威胁中国哺乳动物共计178种,约占评估物种总数的26.4%,高于IUCN濒危物种红色名录的物种平均受威胁率(21.8%)。中国哺乳动物1/4的特有种属于受威胁物种。受威胁比例最高的目是灵长目、食肉目与鲸偶蹄目。多数省区的受威胁哺乳动物物种占本省区哺乳动物总数的20–30%。中国哺乳动物种类多分布在中国第二级地理阶梯。生活在高海拔地区的哺乳动物虽然种类少,但是受威胁哺乳动物的种类比例高。过度利用、生境丧失和人类干扰名列受威胁哺乳动物致危因子的前3位。自从1989年《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》实施以来,一些中国濒危哺乳动物的生存状况得到了改善。然而,鉴于中国哺乳动物区系的独特性和多样性,以及中国地形地貌的复杂性,如何拯救这些濒危物种仍是中国生物多样性保护的一项艰巨任务。展开更多
In view of the fact that traditional air target threat assessment methods are difficult to reflect the combat characteristics of uncertain, dynamic and hybrid formation, an algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-tar...In view of the fact that traditional air target threat assessment methods are difficult to reflect the combat characteristics of uncertain, dynamic and hybrid formation, an algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-target threat assessment problems. The target attribute weight is calculated by the intuitionistic fuzzy entropy(IFE) algorithm and the time series weight is gained by the Poisson distribution method based on multi-times data. Finally,assessment and sequencing of the air multi-target threat model based on IFE and dynamic Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR) is established with an example which indicates that the method is reasonable and effective.展开更多
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is a major threat to women's health. Currently, with comprehensive treatment modalities, the outcomes of breast cancer are among the best of solid tumors. A set of Chinese guidelines and recommendations are developed to standardize the clinical practice, to ensure the quality and safety of medical service, and to ultimately improve the survival of breast cancer patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70871117 70571086)the Development Foundation of Dalian Naval Academy
文摘The function of the air target threat evaluation （TE） is the foundation for weapons allocation and senor resources management within the surface air defense. The multi-attribute evaluation methodology is utilized to address the issue of the TE in which the tactic features of the detected target are treated as evaluation attributes. Meanwhile, the intuitionistic fuzzy set （IFS） is employed to deal with information uncertainty in the TE process. Furthermore, on the basis of the entropy weight and inclusion-comparison probability, a hybrid TE method is developed. In order to accommodate the demands of naturalistic decision making, the proposed method allows air defense commanders to express their intuitive opinions besides incorporating into the threat features of the detected target. An illustrative example is provided to indicate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method.
文摘依据中国哺乳类野生种群与生境现状,我们利用IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria(Version 3.1),Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria和Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels(Version 4.0),评价了中国所有已知的673种哺乳动物的濒危状况。本次评估了71种《IUCN濒危物种红色名录(2015)》没有评估的哺乳动物,还评估了60种《IUCN濒危物种红色名录(2015)》误认为中国没有分布的哺乳动物。发现中国有3种哺乳动物"野外灭绝",3种"区域灭绝"。受威胁中国哺乳动物共计178种,约占评估物种总数的26.4%,高于IUCN濒危物种红色名录的物种平均受威胁率(21.8%)。中国哺乳动物1/4的特有种属于受威胁物种。受威胁比例最高的目是灵长目、食肉目与鲸偶蹄目。多数省区的受威胁哺乳动物物种占本省区哺乳动物总数的20–30%。中国哺乳动物种类多分布在中国第二级地理阶梯。生活在高海拔地区的哺乳动物虽然种类少,但是受威胁哺乳动物的种类比例高。过度利用、生境丧失和人类干扰名列受威胁哺乳动物致危因子的前3位。自从1989年《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》实施以来,一些中国濒危哺乳动物的生存状况得到了改善。然而,鉴于中国哺乳动物区系的独特性和多样性,以及中国地形地貌的复杂性,如何拯救这些濒危物种仍是中国生物多样性保护的一项艰巨任务。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61401363)the Science and Technology on Avionics Integration Laboratory and Aeronautical Science Foundation(20155153034)+1 种基金the Innovative Talents Promotion Plan in Shaanxi Province(2017KJXX-15)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3102016AXXX005)
文摘In view of the fact that traditional air target threat assessment methods are difficult to reflect the combat characteristics of uncertain, dynamic and hybrid formation, an algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-target threat assessment problems. The target attribute weight is calculated by the intuitionistic fuzzy entropy(IFE) algorithm and the time series weight is gained by the Poisson distribution method based on multi-times data. Finally,assessment and sequencing of the air multi-target threat model based on IFE and dynamic Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR) is established with an example which indicates that the method is reasonable and effective.
