This study analyzes the know-how of local communities, to draw on techniques that make contemporary buildings more energy efficient. The impluvium hut in the locality of Enampore, Casamance, Southern Senegal, served a...This study analyzes the know-how of local communities, to draw on techniques that make contemporary buildings more energy efficient. The impluvium hut in the locality of Enampore, Casamance, Southern Senegal, served as the object of study. The hut, including several rooms, is entirely built with earthen walls, earthen floor, earthen ceiling, covered by a double straw roof and its central courtyard. A room noted (L) and a semi-opened living space were chosen as spaces for hygro-thermal experimentation. The hottest average temperature obtained respectively in the room (L) and in the living space is 25.5˚C and 27˚C when outside is about 34˚C. The thermal amplitude inside room (L) is 0.88˚C, in semi-opened living space, is 2.6˚C and outside is 9.5˚C. With these results we can say that room (L) undergoes very low temperature variations and that there is no need to air-condition in the enclosure. The thermal amplitude makes it possible to see the influence of the earthen walls on the interior temperature and its regularity compared to the fluctuation of the external temperature. The thermal inertia of the building walls was characterized using also the time lag and the decrement factor. They was respectively 7.0 H and 0.093 for the room (L). With this result we can say that this material has a high thermal inertia. For humidity, it is high around 78.5% in the room (L), 66.0% at the semi-open living room, when it is 59.0% outside. Through this study, it is possible that the revalorization of vernacular architecture can be an alternative to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.展开更多
为研究GHQ推进剂的热分解性、热稳定性和热安全性,利用绝热加速量热仪(Accelerating Rate Calorimeter,ARC)测试了GHQ推进剂的绝热分解过程,得到了温度、压力实时变化曲线,最大反应速率到达时间(Time to the Maximum Rate,TMR)曲线,以...为研究GHQ推进剂的热分解性、热稳定性和热安全性,利用绝热加速量热仪(Accelerating Rate Calorimeter,ARC)测试了GHQ推进剂的绝热分解过程,得到了温度、压力实时变化曲线,最大反应速率到达时间(Time to the Maximum Rate,TMR)曲线,以及温升速率、压力随温度变化曲线。通过热惰性因子对样品在最危险状态(即绝热条件)下的起始分解温度、起始温升速率、最大温升速率、绝热温升和反应热进行了修正,并与GHT-1A推进剂进行了比较,结果表明:GHQ推进剂热稳定性低于GHT-1A推进剂,但具有良好的热安全性。展开更多
文摘This study analyzes the know-how of local communities, to draw on techniques that make contemporary buildings more energy efficient. The impluvium hut in the locality of Enampore, Casamance, Southern Senegal, served as the object of study. The hut, including several rooms, is entirely built with earthen walls, earthen floor, earthen ceiling, covered by a double straw roof and its central courtyard. A room noted (L) and a semi-opened living space were chosen as spaces for hygro-thermal experimentation. The hottest average temperature obtained respectively in the room (L) and in the living space is 25.5˚C and 27˚C when outside is about 34˚C. The thermal amplitude inside room (L) is 0.88˚C, in semi-opened living space, is 2.6˚C and outside is 9.5˚C. With these results we can say that room (L) undergoes very low temperature variations and that there is no need to air-condition in the enclosure. The thermal amplitude makes it possible to see the influence of the earthen walls on the interior temperature and its regularity compared to the fluctuation of the external temperature. The thermal inertia of the building walls was characterized using also the time lag and the decrement factor. They was respectively 7.0 H and 0.093 for the room (L). With this result we can say that this material has a high thermal inertia. For humidity, it is high around 78.5% in the room (L), 66.0% at the semi-open living room, when it is 59.0% outside. Through this study, it is possible that the revalorization of vernacular architecture can be an alternative to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.
文摘为研究GHQ推进剂的热分解性、热稳定性和热安全性,利用绝热加速量热仪(Accelerating Rate Calorimeter,ARC)测试了GHQ推进剂的绝热分解过程,得到了温度、压力实时变化曲线,最大反应速率到达时间(Time to the Maximum Rate,TMR)曲线,以及温升速率、压力随温度变化曲线。通过热惰性因子对样品在最危险状态(即绝热条件)下的起始分解温度、起始温升速率、最大温升速率、绝热温升和反应热进行了修正,并与GHT-1A推进剂进行了比较,结果表明:GHQ推进剂热稳定性低于GHT-1A推进剂,但具有良好的热安全性。
