In the paper [2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 050306], Yang et al. put forward a novel three-party quantum secret sharing protocol of secure direct communication based on x-type entangled states, they claimed that the scheme is...In the paper [2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 050306], Yang et al. put forward a novel three-party quantum secret sharing protocol of secure direct communication based on x-type entangled states, they claimed that the scheme is secure. However, in this paper, we study the security of the protocol and find that it is insecure. Applying intercept and resend attack, the agent Bob can obtain Alice＇s secret without the help from the other agent Charlie. In the end, we give our effective modification for its improvement.展开更多
This paper proposes a protocol for multi-party quantum secret sharing utilizing four non-orthogonal two-particle entangled states following some ideas in the schemes proposed by Liu et al. （2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 ...This paper proposes a protocol for multi-party quantum secret sharing utilizing four non-orthogonal two-particle entangled states following some ideas in the schemes proposed by Liu et al. （2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 3148） and Zhang et al. （2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2149） respectively. The theoretical efficiency for qubits of the new protocol is improved from 50% to approaching 100%. All the entangled states can be used for generating the private key except those used for the eavesdropping check. The validity of a probable attack called opaque cheat attack to this kind of protocols is considered in the paper for the first time.展开更多
As one crossing the Nanpu Bridgeinto the middle part of the Pudongnew area,a cluster of modern buildingscomes into view.Here is the exportprocessing zone of Shanghai Jingqiao.Founded in Sept.1990,the zone wasthe first...As one crossing the Nanpu Bridgeinto the middle part of the Pudongnew area,a cluster of modern buildingscomes into view.Here is the exportprocessing zone of Shanghai Jingqiao.Founded in Sept.1990,the zone wasthe first key development zoneapproved by the State focusing onexports processing.It covers 19 squarekilometres with about 15 squarekilometres for industry use and theother four square kilometres foradministration and domestic use.Bythe end of July 1995,it had introduced269 projects with 171 underconstruction and 94 in operation,involving a total US＄3.52 billion ininvestment,with an averageinvestment of US＄13 million for eachproject.In 1994,the zone witnessedgross industrial output value of RMB5.4billion.The figure is estimated to haveexceeded RMB10 billion in 1995.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60970140)
文摘In the paper [2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 050306], Yang et al. put forward a novel three-party quantum secret sharing protocol of secure direct communication based on x-type entangled states, they claimed that the scheme is secure. However, in this paper, we study the security of the protocol and find that it is insecure. Applying intercept and resend attack, the agent Bob can obtain Alice＇s secret without the help from the other agent Charlie. In the end, we give our effective modification for its improvement.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90718007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60773135 and 60970140)
文摘This paper proposes a protocol for multi-party quantum secret sharing utilizing four non-orthogonal two-particle entangled states following some ideas in the schemes proposed by Liu et al. （2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 3148） and Zhang et al. （2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2149） respectively. The theoretical efficiency for qubits of the new protocol is improved from 50% to approaching 100%. All the entangled states can be used for generating the private key except those used for the eavesdropping check. The validity of a probable attack called opaque cheat attack to this kind of protocols is considered in the paper for the first time.
文摘As one crossing the Nanpu Bridgeinto the middle part of the Pudongnew area,a cluster of modern buildingscomes into view.Here is the exportprocessing zone of Shanghai Jingqiao.Founded in Sept.1990,the zone wasthe first key development zoneapproved by the State focusing onexports processing.It covers 19 squarekilometres with about 15 squarekilometres for industry use and theother four square kilometres foradministration and domestic use.Bythe end of July 1995,it had introduced269 projects with 171 underconstruction and 94 in operation,involving a total US＄3.52 billion ininvestment,with an averageinvestment of US＄13 million for eachproject.In 1994,the zone witnessedgross industrial output value of RMB5.4billion.The figure is estimated to haveexceeded RMB10 billion in 1995.
