Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-relate...Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.展开更多
I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open ...I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2] were compared. In a second experiment, T. officinale seeds collected from local habitats were mixed and scattered in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2], and plants producing seeds after one and two years in monocultures were compared. In both experiments seeds produced in each chamber were collected, and many plants from the seed lot from each chamber were grown in controlled environment chambers to test whether the [CO2] of the chamber of origin affected the mean value of various plant parameters. In both experiments, the results indicated that field exposure to elevated [CO2] altered the relative fitness of genotypes. Elevated [CO2] favored genotypes which produced biomass more rapidly at elevated [CO2] in both experiments, primarily because of faster rates of leaf initiation. The results suggest that genotypes of this species vary widely in fitness at elevated [CO2] whether grown in monocultures or in mixed communities, and that this species could adapt rapidly to rising atmospheric [CO2].展开更多
文摘Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.
文摘I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2] were compared. In a second experiment, T. officinale seeds collected from local habitats were mixed and scattered in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2], and plants producing seeds after one and two years in monocultures were compared. In both experiments seeds produced in each chamber were collected, and many plants from the seed lot from each chamber were grown in controlled environment chambers to test whether the [CO2] of the chamber of origin affected the mean value of various plant parameters. In both experiments, the results indicated that field exposure to elevated [CO2] altered the relative fitness of genotypes. Elevated [CO2] favored genotypes which produced biomass more rapidly at elevated [CO2] in both experiments, primarily because of faster rates of leaf initiation. The results suggest that genotypes of this species vary widely in fitness at elevated [CO2] whether grown in monocultures or in mixed communities, and that this species could adapt rapidly to rising atmospheric [CO2].
