Trichinella spiralis infection in rodents is a well-known model of intestinal inflammation associated with hypermotility. The aim of the study was to use this experimental model to elucidate if Thl 7 cells are involve...Trichinella spiralis infection in rodents is a well-known model of intestinal inflammation associated with hypermotility. The aim of the study was to use this experimental model to elucidate if Thl 7 cells are involved in the development of gastrointestinal hypermotility. Colonic smooth muscle contractility was investigated in response to acetylcholine. The levels of IL-17, IL-23 and TGF-β1 in colon were measured by Western blotting. Flow cytometric detection of intracellular IFN-7/IL-4/ IL- 17 cytokine production was used to analyze the proportions of CD4＋ T cells subsets in colon. Our results showed that colonic muscle contractility was increased 2 weeks post infection （PI） and stayed high 12 weeks PI when no discernible inflammation was present in the gut. The proportion of Th17 cells and the expression of IL-17 were up-regulated in colon 2 weeks PI and returned to normal 8 weeks PI. The content of IL-17 was correlated with the colonic smooth muscle hypercontracility 2 weeks PI. Meanwhile, TGF-β1 was increased 2 weeks PI, while IL-23 was normal. Our results suggest that Th17 cells affect the colonic muscle contractility in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis at intestine stage but not at muscle stage and the effect of Th17 cells on muscle contractility might be induced by TGF-β1. Other cytokines might be involved in the hypercontracility of colonic smooth muscle at muscle stage.展开更多
The last appearance datum of the radiolarian Kilinora spiralis is recorded above the first appearance datum of the ammonite Ataxioceras (A.) kurisakense in the Todoro Section of the Kurisaka Formation, Southern Kurose...The last appearance datum of the radiolarian Kilinora spiralis is recorded above the first appearance datum of the ammonite Ataxioceras (A.) kurisakense in the Todoro Section of the Kurisaka Formation, Southern Kurosegawa Terrane, Shikoku, SW Japan. The constraint by ammonite age prolongs the range of the Kilinora spiralis Zone, a remarkable Jurassic radiolarian zone in Japan-NW Pacific region, into the lower Kimmeridgian. The direct correlation of the Kilinora spiralis zone with the Late Jurassic ammonite faunal succession in the Kurisaka Formation will provide a clue to the still pending chronological difference between European and North American radiolarian zones.展开更多
Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), which is a cosmopolitan nematode that infects humans among other species, presents a complex host-parasite relationship that hinders the development of tools to eradicate the parasi...Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), which is a cosmopolitan nematode that infects humans among other species, presents a complex host-parasite relationship that hinders the development of tools to eradicate the parasitosis. The aim of this research was to analyze the host response during a primary infection with T. spiralis in five genetically different mouse lines of the CBi-IGE stock. Adult males from the CBi+, CBi−, CBi, CBi/L and CBi/C lines were infected with 1, 2 or 4 L1 larvae per g of body weight. In the chronic stage, the number of parasites per g of tissue (relative larval load, rLL) showed a significant host genotype-dose interaction, since it did not increase in the same way in the five genotypes. At the lowest dose, both CBii−and CBi/L mice were resistant while CBi+, CBi/C, and CBi were susceptible. At the highest dose, only CBi/L remained resistant, and CBi+ was the most susceptible. The reproductive capacity index of adult worms (RCI = rLL/infective dose) evinced only a genotype effect, allowing rating each line as resistant or susceptible regardless of dose. Animals receiving 2 L1 larvae were also sacrificed in the intestinal phase (6 and 13 days p-i) to determine the number of adult parasites (nAP) recovered in a small intestine segment, and female fecundity (Ff). No differences in nAP were observed among genotypes on day 6 p-i. nAP decreased between days 6 and 13 p-i, this reduction being different among genotypes and significant only in CBi/L and CBi/C. Ff decreased in CBi/L and CBi/C on day 13 p-i. At the time of infection, serum cytokine baseline values showed a Th1 orientation for genotype CBi/L (high IFN-γ and IL-2) and a Th2 for CBi+ (high IL-4 and IL-10).The variability in the response observed in this murine model suggests its potential usefulness to gain insight into the mechanisms that regulate host-parasite relationship.展开更多
Urea-soluble antigens of Trichinella spiralis infected larva were preparedand the efficiency of the antigens in diagnosis of trichinosis by ELISA wasstudied.Specific IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA using urea-so...Urea-soluble antigens of Trichinella spiralis infected larva were preparedand the efficiency of the antigens in diagnosis of trichinosis by ELISA wasstudied.Specific IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA using urea-solubleantigens in 91.67% (22/24) of 24 serum samples taken from patients withtrichinosis and 91.67% (11/12) of 12 blood spots on filter paper.Specific IgMantibodies were seen in 95.24% (20/21) of 21 serum samples from patients withtrichinosis using the antigens.Sera of patients infected with Schistosoma japonicumhad some cross teactions to the antigens,but the sera of mice infected withSchistosoma japoni(?) Ancylostoma caninum larva and Plasmodium yoelti were allnegative in the test.展开更多
Ecological restoration is one of the hot technologies for the reconstruction of eutrophic lake ecosystems in which the restoration and propagation of submerged plants is the key and difficult step. In this paper, the ...Ecological restoration is one of the hot technologies for the reconstruction of eutrophic lake ecosystems in which the restoration and propagation of submerged plants is the key and difficult step. In this paper, the effect of vermiculite on the growth process of Vallisneria spiralis and sediment microenvironment were investigated, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the application of vermiculite in aquatic ecological restoration. Results of growth indexes demonstrated that 5% and 10% vermiculite treatment groups statistically promote the growth of Vallisneria spiralis compared to the control. Meanwhile, the results of ecophysiological indexes showed that photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase(SOD), and catalase(CAT) activity of 5% and 10% group were increased compared with the control while the malondialdehyde(MDA) content exhibited the opposite result(p < 0.05), which illustrated that vermiculite can improve the resistance of plants and delay the aging process of Vallisneria spiralis. In addition, result of PCA(Principal Component Analysis) demonstrated 5% and 10% group has improved the sediment physical conditions and create more ecological niche for microorganisms directly, and then promoted the growth of plants. The dissolution results showed that vermiculite can dissolve the constant and trace elements needed for plant growth. Furthermore, the addition of vermiculite increased the diversity of microorganisms in the sediments, and promoted the increase of plant growth-promoting bacteria and phosphorus-degrading bacteria. This study could provide a technique reference for the further application of vermiculite in the field of ecological restoration.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.30770986)
文摘Trichinella spiralis infection in rodents is a well-known model of intestinal inflammation associated with hypermotility. The aim of the study was to use this experimental model to elucidate if Thl 7 cells are involved in the development of gastrointestinal hypermotility. Colonic smooth muscle contractility was investigated in response to acetylcholine. The levels of IL-17, IL-23 and TGF-β1 in colon were measured by Western blotting. Flow cytometric detection of intracellular IFN-7/IL-4/ IL- 17 cytokine production was used to analyze the proportions of CD4＋ T cells subsets in colon. Our results showed that colonic muscle contractility was increased 2 weeks post infection （PI） and stayed high 12 weeks PI when no discernible inflammation was present in the gut. The proportion of Th17 cells and the expression of IL-17 were up-regulated in colon 2 weeks PI and returned to normal 8 weeks PI. The content of IL-17 was correlated with the colonic smooth muscle hypercontracility 2 weeks PI. Meanwhile, TGF-β1 was increased 2 weeks PI, while IL-23 was normal. Our results suggest that Th17 cells affect the colonic muscle contractility in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis at intestine stage but not at muscle stage and the effect of Th17 cells on muscle contractility might be induced by TGF-β1. Other cytokines might be involved in the hypercontracility of colonic smooth muscle at muscle stage.
文摘The last appearance datum of the radiolarian Kilinora spiralis is recorded above the first appearance datum of the ammonite Ataxioceras (A.) kurisakense in the Todoro Section of the Kurisaka Formation, Southern Kurosegawa Terrane, Shikoku, SW Japan. The constraint by ammonite age prolongs the range of the Kilinora spiralis Zone, a remarkable Jurassic radiolarian zone in Japan-NW Pacific region, into the lower Kimmeridgian. The direct correlation of the Kilinora spiralis zone with the Late Jurassic ammonite faunal succession in the Kurisaka Formation will provide a clue to the still pending chronological difference between European and North American radiolarian zones.
文摘Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), which is a cosmopolitan nematode that infects humans among other species, presents a complex host-parasite relationship that hinders the development of tools to eradicate the parasitosis. The aim of this research was to analyze the host response during a primary infection with T. spiralis in five genetically different mouse lines of the CBi-IGE stock. Adult males from the CBi+, CBi−, CBi, CBi/L and CBi/C lines were infected with 1, 2 or 4 L1 larvae per g of body weight. In the chronic stage, the number of parasites per g of tissue (relative larval load, rLL) showed a significant host genotype-dose interaction, since it did not increase in the same way in the five genotypes. At the lowest dose, both CBii−and CBi/L mice were resistant while CBi+, CBi/C, and CBi were susceptible. At the highest dose, only CBi/L remained resistant, and CBi+ was the most susceptible. The reproductive capacity index of adult worms (RCI = rLL/infective dose) evinced only a genotype effect, allowing rating each line as resistant or susceptible regardless of dose. Animals receiving 2 L1 larvae were also sacrificed in the intestinal phase (6 and 13 days p-i) to determine the number of adult parasites (nAP) recovered in a small intestine segment, and female fecundity (Ff). No differences in nAP were observed among genotypes on day 6 p-i. nAP decreased between days 6 and 13 p-i, this reduction being different among genotypes and significant only in CBi/L and CBi/C. Ff decreased in CBi/L and CBi/C on day 13 p-i. At the time of infection, serum cytokine baseline values showed a Th1 orientation for genotype CBi/L (high IFN-γ and IL-2) and a Th2 for CBi+ (high IL-4 and IL-10).The variability in the response observed in this murine model suggests its potential usefulness to gain insight into the mechanisms that regulate host-parasite relationship.
文摘Urea-soluble antigens of Trichinella spiralis infected larva were preparedand the efficiency of the antigens in diagnosis of trichinosis by ELISA wasstudied.Specific IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA using urea-solubleantigens in 91.67% (22/24) of 24 serum samples taken from patients withtrichinosis and 91.67% (11/12) of 12 blood spots on filter paper.Specific IgMantibodies were seen in 95.24% (20/21) of 21 serum samples from patients withtrichinosis using the antigens.Sera of patients infected with Schistosoma japonicumhad some cross teactions to the antigens,but the sera of mice infected withSchistosoma japoni(?) Ancylostoma caninum larva and Plasmodium yoelti were allnegative in the test.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 5170925431830013)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2020335)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2020CFB555)。
文摘Ecological restoration is one of the hot technologies for the reconstruction of eutrophic lake ecosystems in which the restoration and propagation of submerged plants is the key and difficult step. In this paper, the effect of vermiculite on the growth process of Vallisneria spiralis and sediment microenvironment were investigated, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the application of vermiculite in aquatic ecological restoration. Results of growth indexes demonstrated that 5% and 10% vermiculite treatment groups statistically promote the growth of Vallisneria spiralis compared to the control. Meanwhile, the results of ecophysiological indexes showed that photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase(SOD), and catalase(CAT) activity of 5% and 10% group were increased compared with the control while the malondialdehyde(MDA) content exhibited the opposite result(p < 0.05), which illustrated that vermiculite can improve the resistance of plants and delay the aging process of Vallisneria spiralis. In addition, result of PCA(Principal Component Analysis) demonstrated 5% and 10% group has improved the sediment physical conditions and create more ecological niche for microorganisms directly, and then promoted the growth of plants. The dissolution results showed that vermiculite can dissolve the constant and trace elements needed for plant growth. Furthermore, the addition of vermiculite increased the diversity of microorganisms in the sediments, and promoted the increase of plant growth-promoting bacteria and phosphorus-degrading bacteria. This study could provide a technique reference for the further application of vermiculite in the field of ecological restoration.
