After peripheral nerve injury, intraperitoneal injection of folic acid improves axon quantity, increases axon density and improves electromyography results. However, the mechanisms for this remain unclear. This study ...After peripheral nerve injury, intraperitoneal injection of folic acid improves axon quantity, increases axon density and improves electromyography results. However, the mechanisms for this remain unclear. This study explored whether folic acid promotes peripheral nerve injury repair by affecting Schwann cell function. Primary Schwann cells were obtained from rats by in vitro separation and culture. Cell proliferation, assayed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, was higher in cells cultured for 72 hours with 100 mg/L folic acid compared with the control group. Cell proliferation was also higher in the 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L folic acid groups compared with the control group after culture for 96 hours. Proliferation was markedly higher in the 100 mg/L folic acid group compared with the 50 mg/L folic acid group and the 40 ng/L nerve growth factor group. In Transwell assays, the number of migrated Schwann cells dramatically increased after culture with 100 and 150 mg/L folic acid compared with the control group. In nerve growth factor enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, treatment of Schwa nn cell cultures with 50, 100, and 150 mg/L folic acid increased levels of nerve growth factor in the culture medium compared with the control group at 3 days. The nerve growth factor concentration of Schwann cell cultures treated with 100 mg/L folic acid group was remarkably higher than that in the 50 and 150 mg/L folic acid groups at 3 days. Nerve growth factor concentration in the 10, 50, and 100 mg/L folic acid groups was higher than that in the control group at 7 days. The nerve growth factor concentration in the 50 mg/L folic acid group was remarkably higher than that in the 10 and 100 mg/L folic acid groups at 7 days. In vivo, 80 μg/kg folic acid was intraperitoneally administrated for 7 consecutive days after sciatic nerve injury. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of Schwann cells in the folic acid group was greater than that in the control group. We suggest that folic acid may play a role in improvin展开更多
MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral ...MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.Previously,using a rat sciatic nerve injury model,we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs,including miR-sc14.Here,we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps.Our results show that miRsc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury,being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days.EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while miR-sc14 inhiThe study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).bitor suppressed their proliferation and migration.Additionally,bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14,and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene.Specifically,our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury.Appropriately,up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Consequently,miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury.The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).展开更多
Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide mainly derived from the oxyntic gland of the stomach. Both acylated(AG) and unacylated(UAG) forms of ghrelin are found in the circulation. Initially, AG was considered as the only bi...Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide mainly derived from the oxyntic gland of the stomach. Both acylated(AG) and unacylated(UAG) forms of ghrelin are found in the circulation. Initially, AG was considered as the only bioactive form of ghrelin. However, recent advances indicate that both AG and UAG exert distinct and common effects in organisms. Soon after its discovery, ghrelin was shown to promote appetite and adiposity in animal and human models. In response to these anabolic effects, an impressive number of elements have suggested the influence of ghrelin on the regulation of metabolic functions and the development of obesityrelated disorders. However, due to the complexity ofits biochemical nature and the physiological processes it governs, some of the effects of ghrelin are still debated in the literature. Evidence suggests that ghrelin influences glucose homeostasis through the modulation of insulin secretion and insulin receptor signaling. On the other hand, insulin was also shown to influence circulating levels of ghrelin. Here, we review the relationship between ghrelin and insulin and we describe the impact of this interaction on the modulation of glucose homeostasis.展开更多
Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature undersc...Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature underscores the significance of HA in maintaining tissue water balance, fostering cell proliferation, promoting rapid cell migration, influencing cell differentiation during organism development, and facilitating tissue regeneration. Notably, HA’s interactions with cell surface receptors contribute to the viscosity of synovial fluid, activate the immune system, and enhance cartilage elasticity. Beyond these established functions, HA has also been investigated for its potential involvement in determining and studying the hormetic effects of radon water, adding a novel dimension to its applications in dental research. A thorough exploration of existing studies reveals a nuanced understanding of how HA interventions impact the outcomes of dental procedures. The comprehensive scope of these investigations allows for a more accurate assessment of the potential effectiveness of specific interventions and provides valuable insights into post-procedural prognoses for individual patients. This synthesis of literature serves as the foundation for elucidating the intricate interplay between HA, radon exposure, and their relevance in modern dental practices.展开更多
This review outlines the effects of different types of cells with immune function on acute lung injury(ALI)inflammation and the regulation of inflammatory responses between these cells via cell-cell interactions.It is...This review outlines the effects of different types of cells with immune function on acute lung injury(ALI)inflammation and the regulation of inflammatory responses between these cells via cell-cell interactions.It is expected to provide some possible strategies for the research and treatment of ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).展开更多
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that accumulate to high levels in human populations that are subject to occupational or regional industry exposure. PBDEs have been show...Polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that accumulate to high levels in human populations that are subject to occupational or regional industry exposure. PBDEs have been shown to affect human neuronal, endocrine and reproductive systems, but their effect on the immune system is not well understood. In this study, experimental adult mice were intragastrically administered 2,2＇,3,3＇,4,4＇,5,5＇,6,6＇-decabromodiphenyl ether （BDE-209） at doses of 8, 80 or 800 mg/kg of body weight （bw） at 2-day intervals. Our results showed that continuous exposure to BDE-209 resulted in high levels of BDE-209 in the plasma that approached the levels found in people who work in professions with high risks of PDBE exposure. Reduced leukocytes, decreased cytokine （IFN-7, IL-2 and TNF-a） production and lower CD8 T-cell proliferation were observed in the mice exposed to BDE-209. Additionally, mice with long-term BDE-209 exposure had lower numbers of antigen-specific CD8 T cells after immunization with recombinant Listeria monocytogenesexpressing ovalbumin （rLm-OVA） and the OVA-specific CD8 T cells had reduced functionality. Taken together, our study demonstrates that continuous BDE-209 exposure causes adverse effects on the number and functionality of immune cells in adult mice.展开更多
Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibit a length more than 200 nucleotides and they are characterized by non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)not encoded into proteins.Over the past few years,the role and development of lncRNAs have ar...Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibit a length more than 200 nucleotides and they are characterized by non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)not encoded into proteins.Over the past few years,the role and development of lncRNAs have aroused the rising attention of researchers.To be specific,KCNQ1OT1,the KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1,is clearly classified as a regulatory ncRNA.KCNQ1OT1 is capable of interacting with miRNAs,RNAs and proteins,thereby affecting gene expression and various cell functions(e.g.,cell proliferation,migration,epithelialemesenchymal transition(EMT),apoptosis,viability,autophagy and inflammation).KCNQ1OT1 is dysregulated in a wide range of human diseases(e.g.,cardiovascular disease,cancer,diabetes,osteoarthritis,osteoporosis and cataract),and it is speculated to act as a therapeutic target for treating various human diseases.On the whole,this review aims to explore the biological functions,underlying mechanisms and pathogenic roles of KCNQ1OT1 in human diseases.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical reduced order model framework to simulate the physics of the thermomechanical processes that occur during c-Si photovoltaic(PV)cell fabrication.A response surface based on a radial basi...This paper presents a numerical reduced order model framework to simulate the physics of the thermomechanical processes that occur during c-Si photovoltaic(PV)cell fabrication.A response surface based on a radial basis function(RBF)interpolation network trained by a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD)of the solution fields is developed for fast and accurate approximations of thermal loading conditions on PV cells during the fabrication processes.The outcome is a stand-alone computational tool that provides,in real time,the quantitative and qualitative thermomechanical response as a function of user-controlled input parameters for fabrication processes with the precision of 3D finite element analysis(FEA).This tool provides an efficient and effective avenue for design and optimization as well as for failure prediction of PV cells.展开更多
Neural stem/progenitor cells：Radial glial cells constitute multipotent cells in the ventricular zone,lining the wall of the lateral ventricle of the embryonic brain.They have the capacity to give rise to cells belong...Neural stem/progenitor cells：Radial glial cells constitute multipotent cells in the ventricular zone,lining the wall of the lateral ventricle of the embryonic brain.They have the capacity to give rise to cells belonging to all three major linages（neurons,astrocytes and oligodendrocytes）of the nervous system（Tang and Illes,2017）.展开更多
Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,...Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,a great deal of research has been done on the effects of SBA on cell morphology,division,apoptosis,autophagy,as well as the correlated signal transduction pathway.This review mainly covers the chemical and biological characteristics of SBA,describes the multifaceted aspects of SBA anti-nutritional functions,and highlights the possible cellular and molecular mechanism of anti-nutritional effects of SBA.This review has important implications for the prevention and treatment of SBA-induced diseases,drug development,processing techniques of plant products,prevention of food-borne toxins,as well as human and animal health protection.展开更多
We present a statistical distribution of a nanorobot motion inside the blood.This distribution is like the distribution of A and B particles in continuous time random walk scheme inside the fAuid reactive anomalous tr...We present a statistical distribution of a nanorobot motion inside the blood.This distribution is like the distribution of A and B particles in continuous time random walk scheme inside the fAuid reactive anomalous transport with stochastic waiting time depending on the Gaussian distribution and a Gaussian jump length which is detailed in Zhang and Li[J.Stat.Phys,Published Online with doi:10.1007/s10955-018-2185-8,2018].Rather than estimating the length parameter of the jumping distance of the nanorobot,we normalize the Probability Density Function(PDF)and present some reliability properties for this distribution.In addition,we discuss the truncated version of this distribution and its statistical properties,and estimate its length parameter.We use the estimated distance to study the conditions that give a finite expected value of the first meeting time between this nanorobot in the case of nonlinear flow with independent d-dimensional Gaussian jumps and an independent d-dimensional CD4 T Brownian cell in the blood(d-space)to prevent the HIV virus from proliferating within this cell.展开更多
基金supported by the High Levels of Health Technical Personnel in Beijing City Health System of China,No.2013-3-050(to JZY)
文摘After peripheral nerve injury, intraperitoneal injection of folic acid improves axon quantity, increases axon density and improves electromyography results. However, the mechanisms for this remain unclear. This study explored whether folic acid promotes peripheral nerve injury repair by affecting Schwann cell function. Primary Schwann cells were obtained from rats by in vitro separation and culture. Cell proliferation, assayed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, was higher in cells cultured for 72 hours with 100 mg/L folic acid compared with the control group. Cell proliferation was also higher in the 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L folic acid groups compared with the control group after culture for 96 hours. Proliferation was markedly higher in the 100 mg/L folic acid group compared with the 50 mg/L folic acid group and the 40 ng/L nerve growth factor group. In Transwell assays, the number of migrated Schwann cells dramatically increased after culture with 100 and 150 mg/L folic acid compared with the control group. In nerve growth factor enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, treatment of Schwa nn cell cultures with 50, 100, and 150 mg/L folic acid increased levels of nerve growth factor in the culture medium compared with the control group at 3 days. The nerve growth factor concentration of Schwann cell cultures treated with 100 mg/L folic acid group was remarkably higher than that in the 50 and 150 mg/L folic acid groups at 3 days. Nerve growth factor concentration in the 10, 50, and 100 mg/L folic acid groups was higher than that in the control group at 7 days. The nerve growth factor concentration in the 50 mg/L folic acid group was remarkably higher than that in the 10 and 100 mg/L folic acid groups at 7 days. In vivo, 80 μg/kg folic acid was intraperitoneally administrated for 7 consecutive days after sciatic nerve injury. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of Schwann cells in the folic acid group was greater than that in the control group. We suggest that folic acid may play a role in improvin
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China
文摘MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.Previously,using a rat sciatic nerve injury model,we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs,including miR-sc14.Here,we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps.Our results show that miRsc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury,being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days.EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while miR-sc14 inhiThe study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).bitor suppressed their proliferation and migration.Additionally,bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14,and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene.Specifically,our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury.Appropriately,up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Consequently,miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury.The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).
基金Supported by Fonds de Recherche du Québec en Santé(toLaplante M and St-Pierre DH)Operating grants from NaturalSciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Diabète QuébecLaplante M also holds operating grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research,Canadian Liver Foundation and the Fondation de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologieet de Pneumologie de Québec
文摘Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide mainly derived from the oxyntic gland of the stomach. Both acylated(AG) and unacylated(UAG) forms of ghrelin are found in the circulation. Initially, AG was considered as the only bioactive form of ghrelin. However, recent advances indicate that both AG and UAG exert distinct and common effects in organisms. Soon after its discovery, ghrelin was shown to promote appetite and adiposity in animal and human models. In response to these anabolic effects, an impressive number of elements have suggested the influence of ghrelin on the regulation of metabolic functions and the development of obesityrelated disorders. However, due to the complexity ofits biochemical nature and the physiological processes it governs, some of the effects of ghrelin are still debated in the literature. Evidence suggests that ghrelin influences glucose homeostasis through the modulation of insulin secretion and insulin receptor signaling. On the other hand, insulin was also shown to influence circulating levels of ghrelin. Here, we review the relationship between ghrelin and insulin and we describe the impact of this interaction on the modulation of glucose homeostasis.
文摘Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature underscores the significance of HA in maintaining tissue water balance, fostering cell proliferation, promoting rapid cell migration, influencing cell differentiation during organism development, and facilitating tissue regeneration. Notably, HA’s interactions with cell surface receptors contribute to the viscosity of synovial fluid, activate the immune system, and enhance cartilage elasticity. Beyond these established functions, HA has also been investigated for its potential involvement in determining and studying the hormetic effects of radon water, adding a novel dimension to its applications in dental research. A thorough exploration of existing studies reveals a nuanced understanding of how HA interventions impact the outcomes of dental procedures. The comprehensive scope of these investigations allows for a more accurate assessment of the potential effectiveness of specific interventions and provides valuable insights into post-procedural prognoses for individual patients. This synthesis of literature serves as the foundation for elucidating the intricate interplay between HA, radon exposure, and their relevance in modern dental practices.
基金Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202201AU070167&202301AT070258),and the Yunnan Key Laboratory of Formulated Granules(202105AG070014).
文摘This review outlines the effects of different types of cells with immune function on acute lung injury(ALI)inflammation and the regulation of inflammatory responses between these cells via cell-cell interactions.It is expected to provide some possible strategies for the research and treatment of ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Yingxin Yu （Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai University） for determining the BDE-209 concentration, Nining Guo and Qibing Leng （Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science） for the rLm-OVA infections and Xing Zhang （College of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine） for breeding the animals. This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （2011CB512104）, the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Science and Technology Support （2012BAK17B10） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81101252）.
文摘Polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that accumulate to high levels in human populations that are subject to occupational or regional industry exposure. PBDEs have been shown to affect human neuronal, endocrine and reproductive systems, but their effect on the immune system is not well understood. In this study, experimental adult mice were intragastrically administered 2,2＇,3,3＇,4,4＇,5,5＇,6,6＇-decabromodiphenyl ether （BDE-209） at doses of 8, 80 or 800 mg/kg of body weight （bw） at 2-day intervals. Our results showed that continuous exposure to BDE-209 resulted in high levels of BDE-209 in the plasma that approached the levels found in people who work in professions with high risks of PDBE exposure. Reduced leukocytes, decreased cytokine （IFN-7, IL-2 and TNF-a） production and lower CD8 T-cell proliferation were observed in the mice exposed to BDE-209. Additionally, mice with long-term BDE-209 exposure had lower numbers of antigen-specific CD8 T cells after immunization with recombinant Listeria monocytogenesexpressing ovalbumin （rLm-OVA） and the OVA-specific CD8 T cells had reduced functionality. Taken together, our study demonstrates that continuous BDE-209 exposure causes adverse effects on the number and functionality of immune cells in adult mice.
基金The work was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773959 to C.F.Yuan and 81974528 to C.F.Yuan)the central government guides the special funds for the development of local science and technology(No.2020ZYYD016 to C.F.Yuan)Health commission of Hubei Province scientific research project in PR China(No.WJ2019H527 to C.F.Yuan).
文摘Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibit a length more than 200 nucleotides and they are characterized by non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)not encoded into proteins.Over the past few years,the role and development of lncRNAs have aroused the rising attention of researchers.To be specific,KCNQ1OT1,the KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1,is clearly classified as a regulatory ncRNA.KCNQ1OT1 is capable of interacting with miRNAs,RNAs and proteins,thereby affecting gene expression and various cell functions(e.g.,cell proliferation,migration,epithelialemesenchymal transition(EMT),apoptosis,viability,autophagy and inflammation).KCNQ1OT1 is dysregulated in a wide range of human diseases(e.g.,cardiovascular disease,cancer,diabetes,osteoarthritis,osteoporosis and cataract),and it is speculated to act as a therapeutic target for treating various human diseases.On the whole,this review aims to explore the biological functions,underlying mechanisms and pathogenic roles of KCNQ1OT1 in human diseases.
文摘This paper presents a numerical reduced order model framework to simulate the physics of the thermomechanical processes that occur during c-Si photovoltaic(PV)cell fabrication.A response surface based on a radial basis function(RBF)interpolation network trained by a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD)of the solution fields is developed for fast and accurate approximations of thermal loading conditions on PV cells during the fabrication processes.The outcome is a stand-alone computational tool that provides,in real time,the quantitative and qualitative thermomechanical response as a function of user-controlled input parameters for fabrication processes with the precision of 3D finite element analysis(FEA).This tool provides an efficient and effective avenue for design and optimization as well as for failure prediction of PV cells.
基金supports by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51120135001,20934003)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2011CB606203)+2 种基金the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.20100101120034,20110101130005)“Qianjiang” outstanding researcher funding of Zhejiang Province (No.J20110541)Department of Education of Zhejiang Province (No.Z201018687)
基金supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFGIL 20/21-1)Sino-German Centre(GZ919)
文摘Neural stem/progenitor cells：Radial glial cells constitute multipotent cells in the ventricular zone,lining the wall of the lateral ventricle of the embryonic brain.They have the capacity to give rise to cells belonging to all three major linages（neurons,astrocytes and oligodendrocytes）of the nervous system（Tang and Illes,2017）.
基金supported by the National NaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.31802093)Fund Project of Jilin Agricultural University(2019019).
文摘Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,a great deal of research has been done on the effects of SBA on cell morphology,division,apoptosis,autophagy,as well as the correlated signal transduction pathway.This review mainly covers the chemical and biological characteristics of SBA,describes the multifaceted aspects of SBA anti-nutritional functions,and highlights the possible cellular and molecular mechanism of anti-nutritional effects of SBA.This review has important implications for the prevention and treatment of SBA-induced diseases,drug development,processing techniques of plant products,prevention of food-borne toxins,as well as human and animal health protection.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the Deanship of Scientific Research,Taibah University for the support of this research work,research Group No.60337.
文摘We present a statistical distribution of a nanorobot motion inside the blood.This distribution is like the distribution of A and B particles in continuous time random walk scheme inside the fAuid reactive anomalous transport with stochastic waiting time depending on the Gaussian distribution and a Gaussian jump length which is detailed in Zhang and Li[J.Stat.Phys,Published Online with doi:10.1007/s10955-018-2185-8,2018].Rather than estimating the length parameter of the jumping distance of the nanorobot,we normalize the Probability Density Function(PDF)and present some reliability properties for this distribution.In addition,we discuss the truncated version of this distribution and its statistical properties,and estimate its length parameter.We use the estimated distance to study the conditions that give a finite expected value of the first meeting time between this nanorobot in the case of nonlinear flow with independent d-dimensional Gaussian jumps and an independent d-dimensional CD4 T Brownian cell in the blood(d-space)to prevent the HIV virus from proliferating within this cell.
