Synchronous colorectal carcinoma(SCRC) indicates more than one primary colorectal carcinoma(CRC) discovered at the time of initial presentation, accounts for 3.1%-3.9% of CRC, and may occur either in the same or in di...Synchronous colorectal carcinoma(SCRC) indicates more than one primary colorectal carcinoma(CRC) discovered at the time of initial presentation, accounts for 3.1%-3.9% of CRC, and may occur either in the same or in different colorectal segments. The accurate preoperative diagnosis of SCRC is difficult and diagnostic failures may lead to inappropriate treatment and poorer prognosis. SCRC requires colorectal resections tailored to individual patients, based on the number, location, and stage of the tumours, from conventional or extended hemicolectomies to total colectomy or proctocolectomy, when established predisposing conditions exist. The overall perioperative risks of surgery for SCRC seem to be higher than for solitary CRC. Simultaneous colorectal and liver resection represents an appealing surgical strategy in selected patients with CRC and synchronous liver metastases(CRLM), even though the cumulative risks of the two procedures need to be adequately evaluated. Simultaneous resections have the noticeable advantage of avoiding a second laparotomy, give the opportunity of an earlier initiation of adjuvant therapy, and may significantly reduce the hospital costs. Because an increasing number of recent studies have shown goodresults, with morbidity, perioperative hospitalization, and mortality rates comparable to staged resections, simultaneous procedures can be selectively proposed even in case of complex colorectal resections, including those for SCRC and rectal cancer. However, in patients with multiple bilobar CRLM, major hepatectomies performed simultaneously with colorectal resection have been associated with significant perioperative risks. Conservative or parenchymal-sparing hepatectomies reduce the extent of hepatectomy while preserving oncological radicality, and may represent the best option for selected patients with multiple CRLM involving both liver lobes. Parenchymal-sparing liver resection, instead of major or two-stage hepatectomy for bilobar disease, seemingly reduces the overall operative risk展开更多
目的：通过研究家族史阳性或阴性与食管鳞癌发病年龄、多原发癌灶以及预后的关系,揭示遗传易感性在食管鳞癌发生发展过程中的作用.方法：对河北医科大学第四医院1985年1月至1994年12月手术切除的来自高发区的476例家族史阳性和1226例家...目的：通过研究家族史阳性或阴性与食管鳞癌发病年龄、多原发癌灶以及预后的关系,揭示遗传易感性在食管鳞癌发生发展过程中的作用.方法：对河北医科大学第四医院1985年1月至1994年12月手术切除的来自高发区的476例家族史阳性和1226例家族史阴性食管鳞癌的发病年龄、原发癌灶数量和生存曲线进行比较.结果：全组病例家族性食管鳞癌比散发鳞癌发生年龄显著提前（51.9±8.2 vs 53.4±8.0,Pt-test=0.00）,双灶鳞癌发生率显著升高（2.7%vs 1.2%,adiusted with TNM：χ^2MH=4.029,P=0.045）;生存时间显著降低（Pwald=0.04）.亚组分析多数显示家族性食管鳞癌与散发鳞癌之间发病年龄和生存曲线具有差别,发病年龄差别较大的亚组,生存率的差别较明显;发病年龄和预后的关系密切,如在Tis、T1N0M0、T2,3N0M0和T2-4N0M0组发病年龄差别的t检验、P值分别为0.01、0.01和0.09;生存曲线的ward检验P值分别为0.01、0.52和0.18.结论：本文用临床病理和生存资料证实,高发区食管鳞癌的发生存在遗传易感性.该遗传易感性可理解为肿瘤二次突变学说中的第一次突变,对食管鳞癌的发生和预后都有影响.展开更多
Synchronous breast cancer and breast lymphoma are rare. It is of high rate of misdiagnosis in clinical practice. Here we present two cases with this presentation. They are both middle-aged women, with stage I invasive...Synchronous breast cancer and breast lymphoma are rare. It is of high rate of misdiagnosis in clinical practice. Here we present two cases with this presentation. They are both middle-aged women, with stage I invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. One patient happened to have primary breast lymphoma （PBL）; the other was secondary breast lymphoma （SBL）. Their pathology and immunohistochemistry （IHC） findings supported the diagnosis of multiple primary carcinoma. Both patients had a surgery. Then they both received CHOP regime chemotherapy and subsequent endocrine therapy.展开更多
文摘Synchronous colorectal carcinoma(SCRC) indicates more than one primary colorectal carcinoma(CRC) discovered at the time of initial presentation, accounts for 3.1%-3.9% of CRC, and may occur either in the same or in different colorectal segments. The accurate preoperative diagnosis of SCRC is difficult and diagnostic failures may lead to inappropriate treatment and poorer prognosis. SCRC requires colorectal resections tailored to individual patients, based on the number, location, and stage of the tumours, from conventional or extended hemicolectomies to total colectomy or proctocolectomy, when established predisposing conditions exist. The overall perioperative risks of surgery for SCRC seem to be higher than for solitary CRC. Simultaneous colorectal and liver resection represents an appealing surgical strategy in selected patients with CRC and synchronous liver metastases(CRLM), even though the cumulative risks of the two procedures need to be adequately evaluated. Simultaneous resections have the noticeable advantage of avoiding a second laparotomy, give the opportunity of an earlier initiation of adjuvant therapy, and may significantly reduce the hospital costs. Because an increasing number of recent studies have shown goodresults, with morbidity, perioperative hospitalization, and mortality rates comparable to staged resections, simultaneous procedures can be selectively proposed even in case of complex colorectal resections, including those for SCRC and rectal cancer. However, in patients with multiple bilobar CRLM, major hepatectomies performed simultaneously with colorectal resection have been associated with significant perioperative risks. Conservative or parenchymal-sparing hepatectomies reduce the extent of hepatectomy while preserving oncological radicality, and may represent the best option for selected patients with multiple CRLM involving both liver lobes. Parenchymal-sparing liver resection, instead of major or two-stage hepatectomy for bilobar disease, seemingly reduces the overall operative risk
文摘目的：通过研究家族史阳性或阴性与食管鳞癌发病年龄、多原发癌灶以及预后的关系,揭示遗传易感性在食管鳞癌发生发展过程中的作用.方法：对河北医科大学第四医院1985年1月至1994年12月手术切除的来自高发区的476例家族史阳性和1226例家族史阴性食管鳞癌的发病年龄、原发癌灶数量和生存曲线进行比较.结果：全组病例家族性食管鳞癌比散发鳞癌发生年龄显著提前（51.9±8.2 vs 53.4±8.0,Pt-test=0.00）,双灶鳞癌发生率显著升高（2.7%vs 1.2%,adiusted with TNM：χ^2MH=4.029,P=0.045）;生存时间显著降低（Pwald=0.04）.亚组分析多数显示家族性食管鳞癌与散发鳞癌之间发病年龄和生存曲线具有差别,发病年龄差别较大的亚组,生存率的差别较明显;发病年龄和预后的关系密切,如在Tis、T1N0M0、T2,3N0M0和T2-4N0M0组发病年龄差别的t检验、P值分别为0.01、0.01和0.09;生存曲线的ward检验P值分别为0.01、0.52和0.18.结论：本文用临床病理和生存资料证实,高发区食管鳞癌的发生存在遗传易感性.该遗传易感性可理解为肿瘤二次突变学说中的第一次突变,对食管鳞癌的发生和预后都有影响.
文摘Synchronous breast cancer and breast lymphoma are rare. It is of high rate of misdiagnosis in clinical practice. Here we present two cases with this presentation. They are both middle-aged women, with stage I invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. One patient happened to have primary breast lymphoma （PBL）; the other was secondary breast lymphoma （SBL）. Their pathology and immunohistochemistry （IHC） findings supported the diagnosis of multiple primary carcinoma. Both patients had a surgery. Then they both received CHOP regime chemotherapy and subsequent endocrine therapy.
