This paper introduces some latest developments regarding the X-ray imaging methodology and applications of the X-ray imaging and biomedical application beamline(BL13W1)at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility in the...This paper introduces some latest developments regarding the X-ray imaging methodology and applications of the X-ray imaging and biomedical application beamline(BL13W1)at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility in the past 5 years.The photon energy range of the beamline is 8–72.5 keV.Several sets of X-ray imaging detectors with different pixel sizes(0.19–24 lm)are used to realize X-ray microcomputed tomography(X-ray micro-CT)and X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging.To satisfy the requirements of user experiments,new X-ray imaging methods and image processing techniques are developed.In vivo dynamic micro-CT experiments with living insects are performed in 0.5 s(sampling rate of 2 Hz,2 tomograms/s)with a monochromatic beam from a wiggler source and in 40 ms(sampling rate of 25 Hz,25 tomograms/s)with a white beam from a bending magnet source.A new X-ray imaging method known as move contrast X-ray imaging is proposed,with which blood flow and moving tissues in raw images can be distinguished according to their moving frequencies in the time domain.Furthermore,X-ray speckle-tracking imaging with twice exposures to eliminate the edge enhancement effect is developed.A high-precision quantification method is realized to measure complex three-dimensional blood vessels obtained via X-ray micro-CT.X-ray imaging methods such as three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscopy,small-angle X-ray scattering CT,and X-ray fluorescence CT are developed,in which the X-ray micro-CT imaging method is combined with other contrast mechanisms such as diffraction,scattering,and fluorescence contrasts respectively.Moreover,an X-ray nano-CT experiment is performed with a 100 nm spatial resolution.Typical user experimental results from the fields of material science,biomedicine,paleontology,physics,chemistry,and environmental science obtained on the beamline are provided.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Septic cardiomyopathy(SCM)occurs in the early stage of sepsis and septic shock,which has implications for treatment strategies and prognosis.Additionally,myocardial involvement in the early stages of sepsis...BACKGROUND:Septic cardiomyopathy(SCM)occurs in the early stage of sepsis and septic shock,which has implications for treatment strategies and prognosis.Additionally,myocardial involvement in the early stages of sepsis is difficult to identify.Here,we assess subclinical myocardial function using laboratory tests and speckle-tracking echocardiography(STE).METHODS:Emergency department patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock were included for analysis.Those with other causes of acute or pre-existing cardiac dysfunction were excluded.Transthoracic echocardiography(TTE),including conventional echocardiography and STE,were performed for all patients three hours after initial resuscitation.Samples for laboratory tests were taken around the time of TTE.RESULTS:Left ventricular functions of 60 patients were analyzed,including 21 septic shock patients and 39 sepsis patients.There was no significant difference in global longitudinal strain(GLS),global circumferential strain(GCS),or global radical strain(GRS)between patients with sepsis and septic shock(all with P>0.05).However,GLS and GCS were significantly less negative in patients with abnormal troponin levels or in patients with abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)values(all with P<0.05).There were also moderate correlations between GLS and levels of cTnI(r=0.40,P=0.002)or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)(r=0.44,P=0.001)in sepsis and septic shock patients.CONCLUSION:Myocardial dysfunction,e.g.,lower LVEF or less negative GLS in patients with sepsis or septic shock,is more affected by myocardial injury.GLS could be incorporated into mainstream clinical practice as a supplementary LVEF parameter,especially for those with elevated troponin levels.展开更多
The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography,and to ass...The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography,and to assess the effect of sevoflurane on cardiac function.Sixty-four patients scheduled for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into a sevoflurane-based anesthesia(AS)group and a propofolbased total intravenous anesthesia(AA)group.The AS group demonstrated a higher absolute value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain than that of the AA group at both T1(after harvesting all grafts and before coronary anastomosis)and T_(2)(30 min after completing all coronary anastomoses)(P<0.05).Moreover,strain improvement in the segment with the highest preoperative strain was significantly reduced in the AS group,compared with the AA group at both T1 and T_(2)(P<0.01).The flow of the left internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft was superior,and the postoperative concentration of troponin T decreased rapidly in the AS group,compared with the AA group(P<0.05).Compared with total intravenous anesthesia,sevoflurane resulted in a significantly higher global longitudinal strain,stroke volume,and cardiac output.Sevoflurane also led to an amelioration in the condition of the arterial graft.Furthermore,sevoflurane significantly reduced strain improvement in the segmental myocardium with a high preoperative strain value.The findings need to be replicated in larger studies.展开更多
Background:Strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS)have left ventricular(LV)hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athlete...Background:Strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS)have left ventricular(LV)hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),which complicates the diagnosis for clinicians.In this context,we aimed to compare the LV function of the 2 populations by measuring global and regional strain and myocardial work using speckle-tracking imaging.Methods:Twenty-four strength-trained asymptomatic athletes using AAS(AAS-Athletes),22 athletes diagnosed with HCM(HCM-Athletes),and 20 healthy control athletes(Ctrl-Athletes)underwent a resting echocardiography to assess LV function.We evaluated LV global and regional strains and myocardial work,with an evaluation of the constructive work(CW),wasted work,and work efficiency(WE).Results:Compared to Ctrl-Athletes,both AAS-Athletes and HCM-Athletes had a thicker interventricular septum,with maj ored values in HCM-Athletes.LV strain was reduced in AAS-Athletes and even more in HCM-Athletes.Consequently,global WE was significantly diminished in both AAS and HCM-Athletes(93%±2%in Ctrl-Athletes,90%±4%in AAS-Athletes,and 90%±5%in HCM-Athletes(mean±SD);p<0.05).Constructive work and WE regional analysis showed specific alterations,with the basal septal segments preferentially affected in AAS-Athletes,and both septal and apical segments affected in HCM-Athletes.Conclusion:The regional evaluation of myocardial work reported specific alterations of the major LV hypertrophy induced by the regular use of AAS compared to the LV hypertrophy due to HCM.This finding could help clinicians to differentiate between these 2 forms of pathological hypertrophy.展开更多
Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation of the left ventricle's systolic function in patients with chronic kidney failure(CKF)by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.Methods:Two-dimensional...Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation of the left ventricle's systolic function in patients with chronic kidney failure(CKF)by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.Methods:Two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was performed on 30 patients with CKF.The ejection fraction,mass and global peak longitudinal strain,global circumferential strain,global area strain,and global radial strain of the left ventricle were calculated.Results:The ejection fraction,mass and global peak longitudinal strain(GLS),global circumferential strain(GCS),global area strain(GAS),and global radial strain(GRS)in the CKF group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Simultaneously,the GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS were well correlated with the ejection fraction.For patients with normal ejection fraction in the CKF group,the GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS were lower than those in the control group,while the left ventricular mass was significantly higher in CKF patients than in the control group.For patients with hypertension in the CKF group,ejection fraction,GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS calculated using three-dimensional echocardiography were significantly lower than those in patients with normal blood pressure;however,the myocardial mass was higher.Conclusions:The parameters(GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS)calculated using three-dimensional speckle-tracking software were lower in the CKF group.Simultaneously,the left ventricular mass was higher in CFK patients than in the control group,thus showing that the myocardial contraction function was impaired and that myocardial remodeling had occurred.展开更多
The article considers peculiarities of underwater monitoring of moving objects in the shallow water areas, particularly seaports. These areas are characterized by a multitude of factors influencing the efficiency of d...The article considers peculiarities of underwater monitoring of moving objects in the shallow water areas, particularly seaports. These areas are characterized by a multitude of factors influencing the efficiency of detection. Nonstationarity conditions of sound propagation and specific interference caused by shipping are the major factors. The various algorithms for the space-time signal processing have been tested and some experimental results are presented. It has been shown that the use of clipped mode in conjunction with the correlation processing of wideband signals and subsequent speckle tracking allow realizing high efficiency of monitoring.展开更多
目的:探讨三维斑点追踪超声心动图(3D-STE)评估冠心病患者的左心室整体舒张功能的临床应用价值。方法:前瞻性纳入68例左心室射血分数正常的冠心病患者。据左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP),将68例冠心病患者分为两组:舒张功能正常组[LVEDP≤15 m...目的:探讨三维斑点追踪超声心动图(3D-STE)评估冠心病患者的左心室整体舒张功能的临床应用价值。方法:前瞻性纳入68例左心室射血分数正常的冠心病患者。据左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP),将68例冠心病患者分为两组:舒张功能正常组[LVEDP≤15 mm Hg,(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa)]31例,舒张功能不全组(LVEDP>15 mm Hg)37例。采集心尖四腔全容积图像,运用4D Auto LVQ软件进行离线分析,得到左心室整体(四项三维应变指标)纵向应变(GLS)、圆周应变(GCS)、面积应变(GAS)及径向应变(GRS)。结果:左心室舒张功能不全组GLS、GCS、GAS、GRS较舒张功能正常组均明显减低(P<0.001)。Pearson相关性分析显示四项三维应变指标与LVEDP中度相关:GLS(r=0.585,P<0.001),GCS(r=0.589,P<0.001),GAS(r=0.674,P<0.001)及GRS(r=-0.643,P<0.001)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示GLS在-15.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度均为68%;GCS在-17.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度分别为76%和81%,GAS在-29.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度分别为84%和68%。结论:3D-STE的相关应变参数可用来预测左心室射血分数正常冠心病患者的LVEDP,并能作为新的超声诊断指标来评估患者的左心室舒张功能。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFA0403801,2016YFA0401302,2017YFA0206004,2018YFC1200204)the National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Project of China(No.11627901).
文摘This paper introduces some latest developments regarding the X-ray imaging methodology and applications of the X-ray imaging and biomedical application beamline(BL13W1)at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility in the past 5 years.The photon energy range of the beamline is 8–72.5 keV.Several sets of X-ray imaging detectors with different pixel sizes(0.19–24 lm)are used to realize X-ray microcomputed tomography(X-ray micro-CT)and X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging.To satisfy the requirements of user experiments,new X-ray imaging methods and image processing techniques are developed.In vivo dynamic micro-CT experiments with living insects are performed in 0.5 s(sampling rate of 2 Hz,2 tomograms/s)with a monochromatic beam from a wiggler source and in 40 ms(sampling rate of 25 Hz,25 tomograms/s)with a white beam from a bending magnet source.A new X-ray imaging method known as move contrast X-ray imaging is proposed,with which blood flow and moving tissues in raw images can be distinguished according to their moving frequencies in the time domain.Furthermore,X-ray speckle-tracking imaging with twice exposures to eliminate the edge enhancement effect is developed.A high-precision quantification method is realized to measure complex three-dimensional blood vessels obtained via X-ray micro-CT.X-ray imaging methods such as three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscopy,small-angle X-ray scattering CT,and X-ray fluorescence CT are developed,in which the X-ray micro-CT imaging method is combined with other contrast mechanisms such as diffraction,scattering,and fluorescence contrasts respectively.Moreover,an X-ray nano-CT experiment is performed with a 100 nm spatial resolution.Typical user experimental results from the fields of material science,biomedicine,paleontology,physics,chemistry,and environmental science obtained on the beamline are provided.
文摘BACKGROUND:Septic cardiomyopathy(SCM)occurs in the early stage of sepsis and septic shock,which has implications for treatment strategies and prognosis.Additionally,myocardial involvement in the early stages of sepsis is difficult to identify.Here,we assess subclinical myocardial function using laboratory tests and speckle-tracking echocardiography(STE).METHODS:Emergency department patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock were included for analysis.Those with other causes of acute or pre-existing cardiac dysfunction were excluded.Transthoracic echocardiography(TTE),including conventional echocardiography and STE,were performed for all patients three hours after initial resuscitation.Samples for laboratory tests were taken around the time of TTE.RESULTS:Left ventricular functions of 60 patients were analyzed,including 21 septic shock patients and 39 sepsis patients.There was no significant difference in global longitudinal strain(GLS),global circumferential strain(GCS),or global radical strain(GRS)between patients with sepsis and septic shock(all with P>0.05).However,GLS and GCS were significantly less negative in patients with abnormal troponin levels or in patients with abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)values(all with P<0.05).There were also moderate correlations between GLS and levels of cTnI(r=0.40,P=0.002)or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)(r=0.44,P=0.001)in sepsis and septic shock patients.CONCLUSION:Myocardial dysfunction,e.g.,lower LVEF or less negative GLS in patients with sepsis or septic shock,is more affected by myocardial injury.GLS could be incorporated into mainstream clinical practice as a supplementary LVEF parameter,especially for those with elevated troponin levels.
基金supported by Jiangsu Province Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University)Clinical Capacity Enhancement and was awarded to the first author,Chanjuan Gong(Grant No.JSPH-MC-2022-4).
文摘The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography,and to assess the effect of sevoflurane on cardiac function.Sixty-four patients scheduled for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into a sevoflurane-based anesthesia(AS)group and a propofolbased total intravenous anesthesia(AA)group.The AS group demonstrated a higher absolute value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain than that of the AA group at both T1(after harvesting all grafts and before coronary anastomosis)and T_(2)(30 min after completing all coronary anastomoses)(P<0.05).Moreover,strain improvement in the segment with the highest preoperative strain was significantly reduced in the AS group,compared with the AA group at both T1 and T_(2)(P<0.01).The flow of the left internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft was superior,and the postoperative concentration of troponin T decreased rapidly in the AS group,compared with the AA group(P<0.05).Compared with total intravenous anesthesia,sevoflurane resulted in a significantly higher global longitudinal strain,stroke volume,and cardiac output.Sevoflurane also led to an amelioration in the condition of the arterial graft.Furthermore,sevoflurane significantly reduced strain improvement in the segmental myocardium with a high preoperative strain value.The findings need to be replicated in larger studies.
基金supported by YAKHA Sport,Franceby the Platform 3A,funded by the European Regional Development Fund+3 种基金the French Ministry of Research,Higher Education and Innovationthe Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur regionthe Departmental Council of Vauclusethe Urban Community of Avignon。
文摘Background:Strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS)have left ventricular(LV)hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),which complicates the diagnosis for clinicians.In this context,we aimed to compare the LV function of the 2 populations by measuring global and regional strain and myocardial work using speckle-tracking imaging.Methods:Twenty-four strength-trained asymptomatic athletes using AAS(AAS-Athletes),22 athletes diagnosed with HCM(HCM-Athletes),and 20 healthy control athletes(Ctrl-Athletes)underwent a resting echocardiography to assess LV function.We evaluated LV global and regional strains and myocardial work,with an evaluation of the constructive work(CW),wasted work,and work efficiency(WE).Results:Compared to Ctrl-Athletes,both AAS-Athletes and HCM-Athletes had a thicker interventricular septum,with maj ored values in HCM-Athletes.LV strain was reduced in AAS-Athletes and even more in HCM-Athletes.Consequently,global WE was significantly diminished in both AAS and HCM-Athletes(93%±2%in Ctrl-Athletes,90%±4%in AAS-Athletes,and 90%±5%in HCM-Athletes(mean±SD);p<0.05).Constructive work and WE regional analysis showed specific alterations,with the basal septal segments preferentially affected in AAS-Athletes,and both septal and apical segments affected in HCM-Athletes.Conclusion:The regional evaluation of myocardial work reported specific alterations of the major LV hypertrophy induced by the regular use of AAS compared to the LV hypertrophy due to HCM.This finding could help clinicians to differentiate between these 2 forms of pathological hypertrophy.
基金supported by grants from the Science and Technology Department of the Hubei Province Foundation(No.2019CFC895)2016 Wuhan Young and Middle-Aged Talent Plan Foundation.
文摘Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation of the left ventricle's systolic function in patients with chronic kidney failure(CKF)by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.Methods:Two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was performed on 30 patients with CKF.The ejection fraction,mass and global peak longitudinal strain,global circumferential strain,global area strain,and global radial strain of the left ventricle were calculated.Results:The ejection fraction,mass and global peak longitudinal strain(GLS),global circumferential strain(GCS),global area strain(GAS),and global radial strain(GRS)in the CKF group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Simultaneously,the GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS were well correlated with the ejection fraction.For patients with normal ejection fraction in the CKF group,the GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS were lower than those in the control group,while the left ventricular mass was significantly higher in CKF patients than in the control group.For patients with hypertension in the CKF group,ejection fraction,GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS calculated using three-dimensional echocardiography were significantly lower than those in patients with normal blood pressure;however,the myocardial mass was higher.Conclusions:The parameters(GLS,GCS,GAS and GRS)calculated using three-dimensional speckle-tracking software were lower in the CKF group.Simultaneously,the left ventricular mass was higher in CFK patients than in the control group,thus showing that the myocardial contraction function was impaired and that myocardial remodeling had occurred.
文摘The article considers peculiarities of underwater monitoring of moving objects in the shallow water areas, particularly seaports. These areas are characterized by a multitude of factors influencing the efficiency of detection. Nonstationarity conditions of sound propagation and specific interference caused by shipping are the major factors. The various algorithms for the space-time signal processing have been tested and some experimental results are presented. It has been shown that the use of clipped mode in conjunction with the correlation processing of wideband signals and subsequent speckle tracking allow realizing high efficiency of monitoring.
文摘目的:探讨三维斑点追踪超声心动图(3D-STE)评估冠心病患者的左心室整体舒张功能的临床应用价值。方法:前瞻性纳入68例左心室射血分数正常的冠心病患者。据左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP),将68例冠心病患者分为两组:舒张功能正常组[LVEDP≤15 mm Hg,(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa)]31例,舒张功能不全组(LVEDP>15 mm Hg)37例。采集心尖四腔全容积图像,运用4D Auto LVQ软件进行离线分析,得到左心室整体(四项三维应变指标)纵向应变(GLS)、圆周应变(GCS)、面积应变(GAS)及径向应变(GRS)。结果:左心室舒张功能不全组GLS、GCS、GAS、GRS较舒张功能正常组均明显减低(P<0.001)。Pearson相关性分析显示四项三维应变指标与LVEDP中度相关:GLS(r=0.585,P<0.001),GCS(r=0.589,P<0.001),GAS(r=0.674,P<0.001)及GRS(r=-0.643,P<0.001)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示GLS在-15.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度均为68%;GCS在-17.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度分别为76%和81%,GAS在-29.5%时预测左心室舒张功能不全的灵敏度和特异度分别为84%和68%。结论:3D-STE的相关应变参数可用来预测左心室射血分数正常冠心病患者的LVEDP,并能作为新的超声诊断指标来评估患者的左心室舒张功能。
