Predicting plant development,a longstanding goal in plant physiology,involves 2 interwoven components:continuous growth and the progression of growth stages(phenology).Current models for winter wheat and soybean assum...Predicting plant development,a longstanding goal in plant physiology,involves 2 interwoven components:continuous growth and the progression of growth stages(phenology).Current models for winter wheat and soybean assume species-level growth responses to temperature.We challenge this assumption,suggesting that cultivar-specific temperature responses substantially affect phenology.To investigate,we collected field-based growth and phenology data in winter wheat and soybean over multiple years.We used diverse models,from linear to neural networks,to assess growth responses to temperature at various trait and covariate levels.Cultivar-specific nonlinear models best explained phenology-related cultivar-environment interactions.With cultivar-specific models,additional relations to other stressors than temperature were found.The availability of the presented field phenotyping tools allows incorporating cultivar-specific temperature response functions in future plant physiology studies,which will deepen our understanding of key factors that influence plant development.Consequently,this work has implications for crop breeding and cultivation under adverse climatic conditions.展开更多
This case study on three Chinese EFL learners in junior high school examined the interaction inside and outside learners＇ EFL self-concept system, and the findings revealed： （1） inside the self-concept system, the...This case study on three Chinese EFL learners in junior high school examined the interaction inside and outside learners＇ EFL self-concept system, and the findings revealed： （1） inside the self-concept system, the interaction between the global and specific self-concepts is of much complexity; （2） the gap between the global and specific self-concepts would cause imbalance in the self-concept system, and thus trigger efforts to improve learning, while some reconciling elements in the global self-concept may sustain balance in the self-concept system, inhibiting learners＇ motivation to improve; and （3） the degree of specificity of learners＇ specific self- concepts that inform learners＇ learning efforts contributes considerably to the outcome of these efforts, as does that of learners＇ beliefs about EFL learning which mediate the learning efforts.展开更多
分析了描述逻辑循环术语集的研究现状和存在的问题,在F.Baader工作的基础上进一步研究了描述逻辑εL混合循环术语集的LCS(least common subsumer)和MSC(most specific concept)推理问题.给出了εL混合循环术语集的语法和语义.针对εL混...分析了描述逻辑循环术语集的研究现状和存在的问题,在F.Baader工作的基础上进一步研究了描述逻辑εL混合循环术语集的LCS(least common subsumer)和MSC(most specific concept)推理问题.给出了εL混合循环术语集的语法和语义.针对εL混合循环术语集LCS和MSC推理的需要,提出了TBox-完全的概念,并重新定义了描述图.使用描述图和TBox-完全给出了最大不动点语义下εL混合循环术语集LCS和MSC的推理算法,证明了推理算法的正确性,并证明了推理算法是多项式时间复杂的.该推理算法为εL混合循环术语集的LCS和MSC推理提供了理论基础.展开更多
基金support for the research of this work from the Swiss National Science Foundation(grant numbers 169542 and 200756)S.Y.discloses support for the research of this work from the Swiss National Science Foundation(grant number 138983)L.R.discloses support for the research of this work from the Swiss Data Science Center(grant number PHENO-MINE C21-04).
文摘Predicting plant development,a longstanding goal in plant physiology,involves 2 interwoven components:continuous growth and the progression of growth stages(phenology).Current models for winter wheat and soybean assume species-level growth responses to temperature.We challenge this assumption,suggesting that cultivar-specific temperature responses substantially affect phenology.To investigate,we collected field-based growth and phenology data in winter wheat and soybean over multiple years.We used diverse models,from linear to neural networks,to assess growth responses to temperature at various trait and covariate levels.Cultivar-specific nonlinear models best explained phenology-related cultivar-environment interactions.With cultivar-specific models,additional relations to other stressors than temperature were found.The availability of the presented field phenotyping tools allows incorporating cultivar-specific temperature response functions in future plant physiology studies,which will deepen our understanding of key factors that influence plant development.Consequently,this work has implications for crop breeding and cultivation under adverse climatic conditions.
文摘This case study on three Chinese EFL learners in junior high school examined the interaction inside and outside learners＇ EFL self-concept system, and the findings revealed： （1） inside the self-concept system, the interaction between the global and specific self-concepts is of much complexity; （2） the gap between the global and specific self-concepts would cause imbalance in the self-concept system, and thus trigger efforts to improve learning, while some reconciling elements in the global self-concept may sustain balance in the self-concept system, inhibiting learners＇ motivation to improve; and （3） the degree of specificity of learners＇ specific self- concepts that inform learners＇ learning efforts contributes considerably to the outcome of these efforts, as does that of learners＇ beliefs about EFL learning which mediate the learning efforts.
文摘分析了描述逻辑循环术语集的研究现状和存在的问题,在F.Baader工作的基础上进一步研究了描述逻辑εL混合循环术语集的LCS(least common subsumer)和MSC(most specific concept)推理问题.给出了εL混合循环术语集的语法和语义.针对εL混合循环术语集LCS和MSC推理的需要,提出了TBox-完全的概念,并重新定义了描述图.使用描述图和TBox-完全给出了最大不动点语义下εL混合循环术语集LCS和MSC的推理算法,证明了推理算法的正确性,并证明了推理算法是多项式时间复杂的.该推理算法为εL混合循环术语集的LCS和MSC推理提供了理论基础.
