In this study,the effects of low temperature on aluminum(Ⅲ)(Al)hydrolysis were examined both theoretically and experimentally by constructing a solubility diagram for amorphous aluminum hydroxide(Al(OH)_3(am))and a d...In this study,the effects of low temperature on aluminum(Ⅲ)(Al)hydrolysis were examined both theoretically and experimentally by constructing a solubility diagram for amorphous aluminum hydroxide(Al(OH)_3(am))and a distribution diagram of hydrolyzed Al species.First,thermodynamic data of Al species at 4℃were calculated from that at 25℃.A well confirmed polymeric Al species, AlO_4Al_(12)(OH)_(24)^(7+)(Al_(13)),was involved in building the diagrams and,correspondingly,the non-linear simultaneous equations wit...展开更多
The solid-liquid equilibria in the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K had been studied experimentally using the method of isothermal solution saturation. Solubilities and densities of the...The solid-liquid equilibria in the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K had been studied experimentally using the method of isothermal solution saturation. Solubilities and densities of the solution of the quinary system were measured experimentally. Based on the experimental data, the dry-salt phase diagram and water content diagram of the quinary system were constructed, respectively. In the equilibrium diagram of the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K, there are five invariant points F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5; eleven univariant curves ELF1, E2F2, E3F3, E4F5, E5F2, E6F4, E7F5, F1F4, F2F4 F1F3 and F3F5, and seven fields of crystallization saturated with Na2B407 corresponding to Na2SO4, Na2SO4·10H2O, NazSO4-3K2SO4 （Gla）, K2SO4, K2B4O7·4H2O, NaC1 and KC1. The experimental results show that Na2SO4＂3KzSO4 （Gla）, K2SO4 and K2B4O7·4H2O have bigger crystallization fields than other salts in the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K.展开更多
Solid-liquid phase equilibria of the two ternary systems （NaCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） and （KCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at T=288.15 K and p=0.1 MPa were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibritma method. Solubilities of the ...Solid-liquid phase equilibria of the two ternary systems （NaCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） and （KCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at T=288.15 K and p=0.1 MPa were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibritma method. Solubilities of the equilibrium liquid phase were determined, and the solids were also investigated by the Schreinemaker method of wet residues. In the ternary system （NaCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at 288.15 K, there is one invariant point corresponding to （NaCl＋SrCl2-6H2O） and two crystallization regions corresponding to NaC1 and SrCl2-6H2O. The crystallized area of SrCl2-6H2O decreased with the increasing temperature, while that of NaCl increased slightly. In the ternary system （KCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at 288.15 K, there is one invariant point（KCl＋SrCl2.6H2O） and two crystallization regions cor- responding to KCl and SrCl2· 6H2O. Both systems belong to a simple eutectic type, and neither double salts nor solid solutions were formed. On the basis of Pitzer-Harvie-Weare model, the solubilities of the two systems at 288.15 K were demonstrated. A comparison showed that the calculated solubilities agreed well with the experimental data.展开更多
The metastable phase equilibria of the Li＋, Mg2＋//SO42-, borate-H2O system at 273.15 K were studied using isothermal evaporation method. The dry-salt phase diagram, water-phase diagram and the physicochemical proper...The metastable phase equilibria of the Li＋, Mg2＋//SO42-, borate-H2O system at 273.15 K were studied using isothermal evaporation method. The dry-salt phase diagram, water-phase diagram and the physicochemical property diagrams of the system were plotted with the metastable solubility values and physicochemical properties corresponding to density, refractive index, pH value and conductivity. The dry-salt diagram was composed of four crys- tallizing zones[lithium sulfate hydrate（Li2SO4·H2O）, epsomite（MgSO4·7H2O）, lithium metaborate octahy- drate（LiBO2.8H2O）, and hungchaoite（MgB4O7·9H2O）], five univariant curves and two invariant points （Li2SO4·H2O＋MgSO4·7H2O＋MgB4O7·9H2O and Li2SO4·H2O＋LiBO2-8H2O＋MgB4O7·9H20）. Li2B4O7 converted in- to LiBO2 in solution. Comparing the metastable phase diagram at 273.15 K and stable phase diagram at 298.15 K for the system, the crystallized area of Li2SO4·H2O and MgSO4·7H2O became large, whereas, the other phase regions became small. The J（H2O） changes regularly with increasing J（SO42-）, and the physicochemical properties change regularly with the concentration of B4O72- increasing.展开更多
利用Factsage热力学软件对高磷铁水(w[P]=0.5%)的脱磷平衡过程进行模拟计算,并根据渣系相图对计算结果进行理论分析。结果表明,温度一定的条件下,渣中MgO饱和溶解度(w(MgO)SS)受到Fe t O质量百分比和碱度等因素的综合影响:当碱度R<1....利用Factsage热力学软件对高磷铁水(w[P]=0.5%)的脱磷平衡过程进行模拟计算,并根据渣系相图对计算结果进行理论分析。结果表明,温度一定的条件下,渣中MgO饱和溶解度(w(MgO)SS)受到Fe t O质量百分比和碱度等因素的综合影响:当碱度R<1.5时,w(MgO)SS随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加而减小;当1.5≤R<4.0时,w(MgO)SS先随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加先增大后减小,且当w(Fe t O)为40%左右时,w(MgO)SS达到最大值;当R≥4.0时,w(MgO)SS随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加而增加。另外,温度升高会促进渣对MgO的溶解,渣中w(MgO)SS有所增加。展开更多
The ternary phase diagrams of polyetherimide （PEI）/N,N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） with H2O and BuOH as non-solvent were simulated using solubility parameter and Flory-Huggins theory. The phase diagrams show that 5.5...The ternary phase diagrams of polyetherimide （PEI）/N,N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） with H2O and BuOH as non-solvent were simulated using solubility parameter and Flory-Huggins theory. The phase diagrams show that 5.5% H2O/BuOH system containing 5% BuOH and 0.5% H2O or 6.5% H2O/BuOH system containing 6.2% BuOH and 0.3% H2O is required to induce liquid- liquid demixing for 20 wt-% PEI/DMAc casting solution. Therefore, BuOH can enhance the phase separation of the PEI casting solution and hereby induce higher porosity of the membrane, and the diffusion of BuOH into the water coagulation bath causes larger pore size easily compared with DMAc. Our predictions that the membrane pure water flux first increases then decreases, and the rejection ratio of bovine serum albumin decreases with the increasing concentration of BuOH were validated by the experiments using the prepared membranes.展开更多
The equilibrium solubility of CsCl CeCl 3 HCl(11%) H 2O quaternary system at 25 ℃ has been determined by the physic chemical analysis method, and the phase diagram was plotted. Two new double salts 3CsCl·C...The equilibrium solubility of CsCl CeCl 3 HCl(11%) H 2O quaternary system at 25 ℃ has been determined by the physic chemical analysis method, and the phase diagram was plotted. Two new double salts 3CsCl·CeCl 3·3H 2O and CsCl·CeCl 3·4H 2O obtained from the complicated system were identified and characterized by XRD, TG DTA, DSC, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. Studies on the fluorescence excitation and emission show that 3CsCl·CeCl 3·3H 2O and CsCl·CeCl 3·4H 2O have upconversion luminescence of infrared visible range, and the upconversion emission intensity increases with the increase of ratio of CeCl 3 in CsCl.展开更多
文摘In this study,the effects of low temperature on aluminum(Ⅲ)(Al)hydrolysis were examined both theoretically and experimentally by constructing a solubility diagram for amorphous aluminum hydroxide(Al(OH)_3(am))and a distribution diagram of hydrolyzed Al species.First,thermodynamic data of Al species at 4℃were calculated from that at 25℃.A well confirmed polymeric Al species, AlO_4Al_(12)(OH)_(24)^(7+)(Al_(13)),was involved in building the diagrams and,correspondingly,the non-linear simultaneous equations wit...
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 40973047）, the New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China （No. NCET-07-0125） and the Young Science Foundation of Sichuan Province in China （No. 08ZQ026-017）.
文摘The solid-liquid equilibria in the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K had been studied experimentally using the method of isothermal solution saturation. Solubilities and densities of the solution of the quinary system were measured experimentally. Based on the experimental data, the dry-salt phase diagram and water content diagram of the quinary system were constructed, respectively. In the equilibrium diagram of the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K, there are five invariant points F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5; eleven univariant curves ELF1, E2F2, E3F3, E4F5, E5F2, E6F4, E7F5, F1F4, F2F4 F1F3 and F3F5, and seven fields of crystallization saturated with Na2B407 corresponding to Na2SO4, Na2SO4·10H2O, NazSO4-3K2SO4 （Gla）, K2SO4, K2B4O7·4H2O, NaC1 and KC1. The experimental results show that Na2SO4＂3KzSO4 （Gla）, K2SO4 and K2B4O7·4H2O have bigger crystallization fields than other salts in the quinary system Na^＋, K^＋//CI^-, SO4^2-, B4O7^2- -H2O at 298 K.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Nos.21406048, U1507109）, the Natttral Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China（No.B2017202198）, and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, China（Nos.17JCYBJC19500, 15JCQNJC06100）.
文摘Solid-liquid phase equilibria of the two ternary systems （NaCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） and （KCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at T=288.15 K and p=0.1 MPa were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibritma method. Solubilities of the equilibrium liquid phase were determined, and the solids were also investigated by the Schreinemaker method of wet residues. In the ternary system （NaCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at 288.15 K, there is one invariant point corresponding to （NaCl＋SrCl2-6H2O） and two crystallization regions corresponding to NaC1 and SrCl2-6H2O. The crystallized area of SrCl2-6H2O decreased with the increasing temperature, while that of NaCl increased slightly. In the ternary system （KCl＋SrCl2＋H2O） at 288.15 K, there is one invariant point（KCl＋SrCl2.6H2O） and two crystallization regions cor- responding to KCl and SrCl2· 6H2O. Both systems belong to a simple eutectic type, and neither double salts nor solid solutions were formed. On the basis of Pitzer-Harvie-Weare model, the solubilities of the two systems at 288.15 K were demonstrated. A comparison showed that the calculated solubilities agreed well with the experimental data.
文摘The metastable phase equilibria of the Li＋, Mg2＋//SO42-, borate-H2O system at 273.15 K were studied using isothermal evaporation method. The dry-salt phase diagram, water-phase diagram and the physicochemical property diagrams of the system were plotted with the metastable solubility values and physicochemical properties corresponding to density, refractive index, pH value and conductivity. The dry-salt diagram was composed of four crys- tallizing zones[lithium sulfate hydrate（Li2SO4·H2O）, epsomite（MgSO4·7H2O）, lithium metaborate octahy- drate（LiBO2.8H2O）, and hungchaoite（MgB4O7·9H2O）], five univariant curves and two invariant points （Li2SO4·H2O＋MgSO4·7H2O＋MgB4O7·9H2O and Li2SO4·H2O＋LiBO2-8H2O＋MgB4O7·9H20）. Li2B4O7 converted in- to LiBO2 in solution. Comparing the metastable phase diagram at 273.15 K and stable phase diagram at 298.15 K for the system, the crystallized area of Li2SO4·H2O and MgSO4·7H2O became large, whereas, the other phase regions became small. The J（H2O） changes regularly with increasing J（SO42-）, and the physicochemical properties change regularly with the concentration of B4O72- increasing.
文摘利用Factsage热力学软件对高磷铁水(w[P]=0.5%)的脱磷平衡过程进行模拟计算,并根据渣系相图对计算结果进行理论分析。结果表明,温度一定的条件下,渣中MgO饱和溶解度(w(MgO)SS)受到Fe t O质量百分比和碱度等因素的综合影响:当碱度R<1.5时,w(MgO)SS随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加而减小;当1.5≤R<4.0时,w(MgO)SS先随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加先增大后减小,且当w(Fe t O)为40%左右时,w(MgO)SS达到最大值;当R≥4.0时,w(MgO)SS随着Fe t O质量百分比的增加而增加。另外,温度升高会促进渣对MgO的溶解,渣中w(MgO)SS有所增加。
文摘The ternary phase diagrams of polyetherimide （PEI）/N,N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） with H2O and BuOH as non-solvent were simulated using solubility parameter and Flory-Huggins theory. The phase diagrams show that 5.5% H2O/BuOH system containing 5% BuOH and 0.5% H2O or 6.5% H2O/BuOH system containing 6.2% BuOH and 0.3% H2O is required to induce liquid- liquid demixing for 20 wt-% PEI/DMAc casting solution. Therefore, BuOH can enhance the phase separation of the PEI casting solution and hereby induce higher porosity of the membrane, and the diffusion of BuOH into the water coagulation bath causes larger pore size easily compared with DMAc. Our predictions that the membrane pure water flux first increases then decreases, and the rejection ratio of bovine serum albumin decreases with the increasing concentration of BuOH were validated by the experiments using the prepared membranes.
文摘The equilibrium solubility of CsCl CeCl 3 HCl(11%) H 2O quaternary system at 25 ℃ has been determined by the physic chemical analysis method, and the phase diagram was plotted. Two new double salts 3CsCl·CeCl 3·3H 2O and CsCl·CeCl 3·4H 2O obtained from the complicated system were identified and characterized by XRD, TG DTA, DSC, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. Studies on the fluorescence excitation and emission show that 3CsCl·CeCl 3·3H 2O and CsCl·CeCl 3·4H 2O have upconversion luminescence of infrared visible range, and the upconversion emission intensity increases with the increase of ratio of CeCl 3 in CsCl.
