为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼...为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼最小,沿河段大眼鳜群体的体型最薄,而关岭段大眼鳜群体的体型最厚,吻最短但尾柄最长。经数据标准化和参数选择后,12个性状参数的数据被用来进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)。主成分分析提取了2个主成分,其累计贡献率为64.255%,其中第1主成分主要受体宽、尾柄形态、眼间距等性状参数的影响,而第2主成分主要受吻长和眼径大小的影响。应用逐步判别方法(discriminant function analysis,DFA)建立了这3个群体的特征判别函数,其交互验证判别准确率为91.85%。在3个群体之间具有显著差异的12项性状的差异系数(coefficient of difference,CD)均未达到1.28这一亚种分化临界值。长江流域乌江沿河和锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体的外形较为相似,而它们与珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态差异较大,但本研究3个群体的形态变异仍为同一物种下的不同地理种群的形态变异,该变异还没有达到亚种变异水平。展开更多
Reservoir impoundment changes original fluvial habitats into lentic environments. Fish species adapted to lentic habitats may take the advantage of such habitat changes and show typical life history traits might facil...Reservoir impoundment changes original fluvial habitats into lentic environments. Fish species adapted to lentic habitats may take the advantage of such habitat changes and show typical life history traits might facilitate the population increase. Siniperca kneri rarely occurred in fishery landing in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area before its impoundment in 2003, but it is now a dominant species. In this study, a total of 438 females of S . kneri were collected monthly during September 2012 through January 2014 using gill nets in the TGR. The age, growth, and reproductive biology were then investigated, and compared with other S . kneri populations. The standard length at age 1 was 149.9 mm in the TGR, which is larger than the three compared populations (i.e., Sandaohe Reservoir, Xinfengjiang Reservoir, and North River), but smaller than one (the Guishi Reservoir). The youngest mature female in the TGR was age 1, which is younger than that of the two compared populations (i.e., Xinfengjiang Reservoir and the North River). The relative fecundity in the TGR was 140 eggs/g, which is higher than that of the only available compared population (Xinfengjiang Reservoir, 96 eggs/g). Our results demonstrated that S . kneri in the TGR tended to have faster growth in the first year, a younger age at first maturation, and higher reproductive eff ort. We suggest that such opportunistic-tended life history traits might facilitate rapid increase of the population.展开更多
文摘为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼最小,沿河段大眼鳜群体的体型最薄,而关岭段大眼鳜群体的体型最厚,吻最短但尾柄最长。经数据标准化和参数选择后,12个性状参数的数据被用来进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)。主成分分析提取了2个主成分,其累计贡献率为64.255%,其中第1主成分主要受体宽、尾柄形态、眼间距等性状参数的影响,而第2主成分主要受吻长和眼径大小的影响。应用逐步判别方法(discriminant function analysis,DFA)建立了这3个群体的特征判别函数,其交互验证判别准确率为91.85%。在3个群体之间具有显著差异的12项性状的差异系数(coefficient of difference,CD)均未达到1.28这一亚种分化临界值。长江流域乌江沿河和锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体的外形较为相似,而它们与珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态差异较大,但本研究3个群体的形态变异仍为同一物种下的不同地理种群的形态变异,该变异还没有达到亚种变异水平。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51209202,31570420)the Science and Technology Research Project of China Three Gorges Corporation(No.CT-12-08-01)the Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes(No.0704101)
文摘Reservoir impoundment changes original fluvial habitats into lentic environments. Fish species adapted to lentic habitats may take the advantage of such habitat changes and show typical life history traits might facilitate the population increase. Siniperca kneri rarely occurred in fishery landing in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area before its impoundment in 2003, but it is now a dominant species. In this study, a total of 438 females of S . kneri were collected monthly during September 2012 through January 2014 using gill nets in the TGR. The age, growth, and reproductive biology were then investigated, and compared with other S . kneri populations. The standard length at age 1 was 149.9 mm in the TGR, which is larger than the three compared populations (i.e., Sandaohe Reservoir, Xinfengjiang Reservoir, and North River), but smaller than one (the Guishi Reservoir). The youngest mature female in the TGR was age 1, which is younger than that of the two compared populations (i.e., Xinfengjiang Reservoir and the North River). The relative fecundity in the TGR was 140 eggs/g, which is higher than that of the only available compared population (Xinfengjiang Reservoir, 96 eggs/g). Our results demonstrated that S . kneri in the TGR tended to have faster growth in the first year, a younger age at first maturation, and higher reproductive eff ort. We suggest that such opportunistic-tended life history traits might facilitate rapid increase of the population.
