An accelerated micro-foil is used to ignite a pre-compressed cylindrical shell containing deuterium–tritium fuel.The well-known shock wave ignition criterion and a novel criterion based on heat wave ignition are deve...An accelerated micro-foil is used to ignite a pre-compressed cylindrical shell containing deuterium–tritium fuel.The well-known shock wave ignition criterion and a novel criterion based on heat wave ignition are developed in this work.It is shown that for heat ignition very high impact velocities are required.It is suggested that a multi-petawatt laser can accelerate a micro-foil to relativistic velocities in a very short time duration(picosecond)of the laser pulse.The cylindrical geometry suggested here for the fast ignition approach has the advantage of geometrically separating the nanosecond lasers that compress the target from the picosecond laser that accelerates the foil.The present model suggests that nuclear fusion by micro-foil impact ignition could be attained with currently existing technology.展开更多
An accelerated skin layer may be used to ignite solid state fuels. Detailed analyses were clarified by solving the hydrodynamic equations for nonlinear force driven plasma block ignition. In this paper, the complement...An accelerated skin layer may be used to ignite solid state fuels. Detailed analyses were clarified by solving the hydrodynamic equations for nonlinear force driven plasma block ignition. In this paper, the complementary mechanisms are included for the advanced fuel ignition： external factors such as lasers, compression, shock waves, and sparks. The other category is created within the plasma fusion as reheating of an alpha particle, the Bremsstrahlung absorption, expansion, conduction, and shock waves generated by explosions. With the new condition for the control of shock waves, the spherical deuterium-tritium fuel density should be increased to 75 times that of the solid state. The threshold ignition energy flux density for advanced fuel ignition may be obtained using temperature equations, including the ones for the density profile obtained through the continuity equation and the expansion velocity for the r≠ 0 layers. These thresholds are significantly reduced in comparison with the ignition thresholds at x = 0 for solid advanced fuels. The quantum correction for the collision frequency is applied in the case of the delay in ion heating. Under the shock wave condition, the spherical proton- boron and proton-lithium fuel densities should be increased to densities 120 and 180 times that of the solid state. These plasma compressions are achieved through a longer duration laser pulse or X-ray.展开更多
In order to study the effect of shock wave formation on propellant ignition in capillary discharge,the shock wave formation process was analyzed using experimental and theoretical methods;the plasma jet temperature wa...In order to study the effect of shock wave formation on propellant ignition in capillary discharge,the shock wave formation process was analyzed using experimental and theoretical methods;the plasma jet temperature was measured,and closed bomb and 30 mm gun experiments were carried out.The results show that the first shock wave has a smaller value and larger range of influence,while the second shock wave has a larger value and smaller range of influence.A plasma jet can generate a shock wave at the nozzle according to the calculated plasma pressure and velocity,which is well confirmed by experiments and calculations.The plasma jet temperature is high during the formation of a shock wave and then decreases sharply.Plasma ignition can increase the burning rate of a propellant by about 30%by increasing the burning surface area of the propellant.Compared to conventional ignition,the average maximum chamber pressure and average muzzle velocity of plasma ignition are increased by 9.1 MPa and29.3 m·s^(-1)(~3%),respectively,in a 30 mm gun.Plasma ignition has strong ignition ability and short ignition delay time due to the generation of a shock wave.By increasing the burning rate of the propellant,the muzzle velocity can be greatly improved when the maximum chamber pressure increases a little.The characteristics of the shock wave can be applied in the application of the capillary discharge plasma.For example,it can be applied in fusion,launching and combustion.展开更多
文摘An accelerated micro-foil is used to ignite a pre-compressed cylindrical shell containing deuterium–tritium fuel.The well-known shock wave ignition criterion and a novel criterion based on heat wave ignition are developed in this work.It is shown that for heat ignition very high impact velocities are required.It is suggested that a multi-petawatt laser can accelerate a micro-foil to relativistic velocities in a very short time duration(picosecond)of the laser pulse.The cylindrical geometry suggested here for the fast ignition approach has the advantage of geometrically separating the nanosecond lasers that compress the target from the picosecond laser that accelerates the foil.The present model suggests that nuclear fusion by micro-foil impact ignition could be attained with currently existing technology.
基金supported by the Islamic Azad University of Gachsaran Branch of Iran
文摘An accelerated skin layer may be used to ignite solid state fuels. Detailed analyses were clarified by solving the hydrodynamic equations for nonlinear force driven plasma block ignition. In this paper, the complementary mechanisms are included for the advanced fuel ignition： external factors such as lasers, compression, shock waves, and sparks. The other category is created within the plasma fusion as reheating of an alpha particle, the Bremsstrahlung absorption, expansion, conduction, and shock waves generated by explosions. With the new condition for the control of shock waves, the spherical deuterium-tritium fuel density should be increased to 75 times that of the solid state. The threshold ignition energy flux density for advanced fuel ignition may be obtained using temperature equations, including the ones for the density profile obtained through the continuity equation and the expansion velocity for the r≠ 0 layers. These thresholds are significantly reduced in comparison with the ignition thresholds at x = 0 for solid advanced fuels. The quantum correction for the collision frequency is applied in the case of the delay in ion heating. Under the shock wave condition, the spherical proton- boron and proton-lithium fuel densities should be increased to densities 120 and 180 times that of the solid state. These plasma compressions are achieved through a longer duration laser pulse or X-ray.
文摘In order to study the effect of shock wave formation on propellant ignition in capillary discharge,the shock wave formation process was analyzed using experimental and theoretical methods;the plasma jet temperature was measured,and closed bomb and 30 mm gun experiments were carried out.The results show that the first shock wave has a smaller value and larger range of influence,while the second shock wave has a larger value and smaller range of influence.A plasma jet can generate a shock wave at the nozzle according to the calculated plasma pressure and velocity,which is well confirmed by experiments and calculations.The plasma jet temperature is high during the formation of a shock wave and then decreases sharply.Plasma ignition can increase the burning rate of a propellant by about 30%by increasing the burning surface area of the propellant.Compared to conventional ignition,the average maximum chamber pressure and average muzzle velocity of plasma ignition are increased by 9.1 MPa and29.3 m·s^(-1)(~3%),respectively,in a 30 mm gun.Plasma ignition has strong ignition ability and short ignition delay time due to the generation of a shock wave.By increasing the burning rate of the propellant,the muzzle velocity can be greatly improved when the maximum chamber pressure increases a little.The characteristics of the shock wave can be applied in the application of the capillary discharge plasma.For example,it can be applied in fusion,launching and combustion.
