Background： Estimation of tree diversity at broader scale is important for conservation planning. Tree diversity should be measured and understood in terms of diversity and evenness, two integral components to descri...Background： Estimation of tree diversity at broader scale is important for conservation planning. Tree diversity should be measured and understood in terms of diversity and evenness, two integral components to describe the structure of a biological community. Variation of the tree diversity and evenness with elevation, topographic relief, aspect, terrain shape, slope, soil nutrient, solar radiation etc. are well documented. Methods： Present study explores the variation of tree diversity （measured as Shannon diversity and evenness indices） of Majella National Park, italy with five available forest types namely evergreen oak woods, deciduous oak woods, blacWaleppo pine stands, hop-hornbeam forest and beech forest, using satellite, environmental and field data. Results： Hop-hornbeam forest was found to be most diverse and even while evergreen Oak woods was the lowest diverse and even. Diversity and evenness of forest types were concurrent to each other i.e. forest type which was more diverse was also more even. As a broad pattern, majority portion of the study area belonged to medium diversity and high evenness class. Conclusions： Satellite images and other GIS data proved useful tools in monitoring variation of tree diversity and evenness across various forest types. Present study findings may have implications in prioritizing conservation zones of high tree diversity at Majella.展开更多
为描述单一景观的空间分布离散性和广度特征,引入基于香农熵的空间分布指数(MSHDI,Modified Shannon's Distribution Index),利用河南省中南部地区1990、2001和2007年3期TM/ETM+遥感影像,进行了MSHDI与经典景观指数的比较,并分析了M...为描述单一景观的空间分布离散性和广度特征,引入基于香农熵的空间分布指数(MSHDI,Modified Shannon's Distribution Index),利用河南省中南部地区1990、2001和2007年3期TM/ETM+遥感影像,进行了MSHDI与经典景观指数的比较,并分析了MSHDI与面积指数(PLAND,Percentage of Landscape)在多网格尺度下的相关关系。结果表明:(1)MSHDI在描述单一景观的空间分布广度和离散程度特征方面具有较好的适用性。MSHDI能适应不同制图综合程度的影响,并能反映出景观斑块边缘的细微差别。(2)通过分析MSHDI与PLAND之间相关系数的大小和变化程度可以分别验证MSHDI的表征性和稳定性。(3)MSHDI适用于基底和散布状景观,两种指数之间有显著的正相关性(农用地=0.939,=0.000;城市建设=0.877,=0.004;工矿仓储=0.870,=0.002;自然绿地=0.966,=0.001),且随网格粒度变化不大(农用地r=0.921±0.054;城市建设r=0.867±0.107;工矿仓储r=0.883±0.052;自然绿地r=0.964±0.024);而对网状景观则缺乏稳定性。展开更多
文摘Background： Estimation of tree diversity at broader scale is important for conservation planning. Tree diversity should be measured and understood in terms of diversity and evenness, two integral components to describe the structure of a biological community. Variation of the tree diversity and evenness with elevation, topographic relief, aspect, terrain shape, slope, soil nutrient, solar radiation etc. are well documented. Methods： Present study explores the variation of tree diversity （measured as Shannon diversity and evenness indices） of Majella National Park, italy with five available forest types namely evergreen oak woods, deciduous oak woods, blacWaleppo pine stands, hop-hornbeam forest and beech forest, using satellite, environmental and field data. Results： Hop-hornbeam forest was found to be most diverse and even while evergreen Oak woods was the lowest diverse and even. Diversity and evenness of forest types were concurrent to each other i.e. forest type which was more diverse was also more even. As a broad pattern, majority portion of the study area belonged to medium diversity and high evenness class. Conclusions： Satellite images and other GIS data proved useful tools in monitoring variation of tree diversity and evenness across various forest types. Present study findings may have implications in prioritizing conservation zones of high tree diversity at Majella.
文摘为描述单一景观的空间分布离散性和广度特征,引入基于香农熵的空间分布指数(MSHDI,Modified Shannon's Distribution Index),利用河南省中南部地区1990、2001和2007年3期TM/ETM+遥感影像,进行了MSHDI与经典景观指数的比较,并分析了MSHDI与面积指数(PLAND,Percentage of Landscape)在多网格尺度下的相关关系。结果表明:(1)MSHDI在描述单一景观的空间分布广度和离散程度特征方面具有较好的适用性。MSHDI能适应不同制图综合程度的影响,并能反映出景观斑块边缘的细微差别。(2)通过分析MSHDI与PLAND之间相关系数的大小和变化程度可以分别验证MSHDI的表征性和稳定性。(3)MSHDI适用于基底和散布状景观,两种指数之间有显著的正相关性(农用地=0.939,=0.000;城市建设=0.877,=0.004;工矿仓储=0.870,=0.002;自然绿地=0.966,=0.001),且随网格粒度变化不大(农用地r=0.921±0.054;城市建设r=0.867±0.107;工矿仓储r=0.883±0.052;自然绿地r=0.964±0.024);而对网状景观则缺乏稳定性。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10671062,11071065 and 11171306)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20094306110004)Hu’nan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.06JJ5012)
文摘In this paper, a new result on pointwise convergence of wavelets of generalized Shannon type is proved, which improves a theorem established by Zayed.
