目的了解黑龙江省佳木斯市医务人员乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)血清流行率和乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层随机抽样选择佳木斯市医务人员开展问卷调查,采集血清标本检测乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis ...目的了解黑龙江省佳木斯市医务人员乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)血清流行率和乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层随机抽样选择佳木斯市医务人员开展问卷调查,采集血清标本检测乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)、乙肝核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb),分析HBV血清流行率和HepB接种率。结果在1100名调查对象中,HBsAg、HBsAb、HBcAb阳性率分别为0.45%、92.55%、18.09%,HepB接种率为61.91%。Logistic回归分析显示,调查对象所在的医院与从事的职务为HBsAb阳性率的影响因素。结论黑龙江省佳木斯市医务人员HBV感染风险较高,建议进一步提高医务人员HepB接种率。展开更多
目的分析中国不同经济水平地区1-29岁人群乙型肝炎（乙肝）血清学流行特征及乙肝疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine,Hep B）免疫效果。方法在31个省（区、市）的160个国家疾病监测点,采用多阶段随机抽样抽取贫困县和非贫困县1-29岁常住人口,采...目的分析中国不同经济水平地区1-29岁人群乙型肝炎（乙肝）血清学流行特征及乙肝疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine,Hep B）免疫效果。方法在31个省（区、市）的160个国家疾病监测点,采用多阶段随机抽样抽取贫困县和非贫困县1-29岁常住人口,采集静脉血,检测分析HBV表面抗原（HBV surface antigen,HBs Ag）、抗HBs Ag抗体（Antibody to HBs Ag,anti-HBs）和抗HBV核心抗原抗体（Antibody to HBV core antigen,anti-HBc）流行率,并调查分析1-14岁儿童Hep B首剂及时（Timely first dose of Hep B,Hep B1t）和全程（3 doses of Hep B,Hep B3）接种率。结果贫困县、非贫困县1-29岁人群HBs Ag流行率分别为3.03%（95%CI：2.73%-3.33%）、2.42%（95%CI：2.20%-2.64%）,anti-HBc流行率分别为14.23%（95%CI：13.62%-14.85%）、12.31%（95%CI：11.85%-12.78%）;anti-HBs流行率分别为56.33%（95%CI：55.46%-57.21%）、58.63%（95%CI：57.93%-59.32%）。贫困县和非贫困县1-14岁儿童Hep B1t接种率分别为69.49%（95%CI：68.53%-70.46%）、80.37%（95%CI：79.70%-81.04%）,Hep B3接种率分别为78.21%（95%CI：77.34%-79.08%）、85.55%（95%CI：84.96%-86.15%）。结论中国新生儿Hep B免疫策略有效降低了HBs Ag流行率,且小年龄儿童HBs Ag流行率在不同经济水平地区间无差异。展开更多
Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic l...Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.展开更多
目的了解陕西省健康人群戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)血清流行率。方法采用分层随机抽样方法于2013年5-6月抽取陕西省3个县0-65岁健康人群,检测血清抗-HEV IgG抗体,分析抗体阳性率。结果陕西省0-65岁健康人群抗-HEV IgG阳性率为...目的了解陕西省健康人群戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)血清流行率。方法采用分层随机抽样方法于2013年5-6月抽取陕西省3个县0-65岁健康人群,检测血清抗-HEV IgG抗体,分析抗体阳性率。结果陕西省0-65岁健康人群抗-HEV IgG阳性率为15.82%(218/1378,标化阳性率:26.59%),男、女性分别为13.78%、17.82%(χ^2=4.21,P=0.040),<1岁、1-4岁、5-14岁、15-65岁分别为14.63%、11.22%、5.79%、30.13%(χ^2=92.46,P<0.001),3个县分别为汉阴县14.23%、泾阳县22.33%、洛川县11.35%(χ^2=20.75,P<0.001)。结论陕西省健康人群HEV感染率相对较高,存在显著的地区、年龄差异;建议对高危人群接种戊肝疫苗。展开更多
为了解江西省种猪群伪狂犬病(PR)的流行情况,寻找狂犬病毒(PRV)感染的潜在风险因素,开展了本次横断面研究。按照估计流行率的抽样策略,随机抽取73个种猪场,根据猪场养殖规模将其分为3种类型,分别进行抽样,然后采用PRV g E-ELISA抗体检...为了解江西省种猪群伪狂犬病(PR)的流行情况,寻找狂犬病毒(PRV)感染的潜在风险因素,开展了本次横断面研究。按照估计流行率的抽样策略,随机抽取73个种猪场,根据猪场养殖规模将其分为3种类型,分别进行抽样,然后采用PRV g E-ELISA抗体检测试剂盒进行抗体检测。同时,根据73个种猪场的详细地址,描绘猪场的空间分布图,并对其开展问卷调查,对问卷中涉及的风险因素进行单因素分析,筛选出P<0.2的变量,将其导入多因素Logistic回归模型,用倒推法选择变量,进行回归分析。结果发现:江西省种猪群PR的群流行率为28.63%(95%CI:18.26%~38.99%),个体流行率为9.37%(95%CI:8.98%~9.77%);PR阳性猪场多分布于江西省中部的上饶、抚州、鹰潭、宜春等县市;与PR感染相关的2个风险因素是场区周围3 km范围内是否有其他猪场(OR=4.766,P=0.020)和养殖场主是否愿意开展PR净化(OR=0.054,P=0.014)。依据研究结果,建议加强对养殖场主的培训与宣传,使其认识到PR净化的重要性,并掌握PR防控与净化的专业技术。展开更多
Background: Hepatitis B virus is one of the transfusion transmission infectious agents of public health relevance. Its prevalence varies across the globe. Establishing the sero-prevalence of the disease is critical to...Background: Hepatitis B virus is one of the transfusion transmission infectious agents of public health relevance. Its prevalence varies across the globe. Establishing the sero-prevalence of the disease is critical to informing the direction of preventive and control strategies. Objective: The aim of this study therefore was to establish the hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence among blood donors in the Kintampo municipality of Ghana. Methodology: This three-year hospital based retrospective study was conducted at the laboratory unit of the Kintampo Municipal Hospital. The laboratory uses one step immunochromatographic test kits to detect the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen in the sera of blood donors. Records on blood donors were reviewed for hepatitis B sero-positivity. Results: A total of 3402 blood donors were studied, out of which 3238 (95.2%) were males and 164 (4.8%) were females. The overall sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen was 9.6% (327/3402). Majority of the sero-positive donors were less than 40 years, with higher prevalence of 16.4% (35/214) in donors less than 20 years. The sero-prevalence in males and females was 9.7% (313/3238) and 8.5% (14/164) respectively. Conclusion: The Kintampo municipality has a relatively high prevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors. The probability of hepatitis B viral infection was age inclined as the youth seem to be at greater risk of contracting the disease.展开更多
Background:?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection is an important preventable cause of infertility. In women, up to 70% of genital infection with?Chlamydia trachomatis?are asymptomatic. In the management of infertility pati...Background:?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection is an important preventable cause of infertility. In women, up to 70% of genital infection with?Chlamydia trachomatis?are asymptomatic. In the management of infertility patients, a lot of clinicians or centres do not routinely screen for?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection. Hence all patients being investigated for infertility may potentially be at risk of tubal blockage in addition to non-tubal factor aetiology. Those with primary tubal blockage also are at risk of worsening of the blockage. Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between IgG and IgM Chlamydia antibody testing (CAT) and tubal factor infertility. Design: It was a cross sectional descriptive study. Method: The sera of 400 consecutive consenting infertile patients presenting to the gynaecological clinic of the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Northern Nigeria were tested for Chlamydia antibodies using ELISA IgG and IgM kits produced by Diagnostic Automation, Inc., 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302, USA. Results: Up to 264 (66%) of the patients had tubal factor, 64 (16%) had uterine, 56 (14%) had ovarian, 50 (12.5%) had male while 40 (10%) had others. The causative factors were not mutually exclusive. The sero-prevalence of IgG and IgMChlamydia trachomatis?amongst patients with tubal infertility were 35.6% and 35.6% respectively. There was a stronger significant relation (P = 0.008) between IgM sero-positivity which suggests recent infection and tubal infertility. The relation between IgG sero-positivity which suggest chronic infection and tubal infertility was also significant (P = 0.036) but relatively lower. Conclusion: The sero-prevalence of?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection, IgG and IgM was significantly higher among the sub-population with tubal infertility. Chlamydia antibody testing (CAT) has predictive value for tubal infertility.展开更多
文摘目的了解黑龙江省佳木斯市医务人员乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)血清流行率和乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种率。方法采用分层随机抽样选择佳木斯市医务人员开展问卷调查,采集血清标本检测乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)、乙肝核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb),分析HBV血清流行率和HepB接种率。结果在1100名调查对象中,HBsAg、HBsAb、HBcAb阳性率分别为0.45%、92.55%、18.09%,HepB接种率为61.91%。Logistic回归分析显示,调查对象所在的医院与从事的职务为HBsAb阳性率的影响因素。结论黑龙江省佳木斯市医务人员HBV感染风险较高,建议进一步提高医务人员HepB接种率。
文摘目的分析中国不同经济水平地区1-29岁人群乙型肝炎（乙肝）血清学流行特征及乙肝疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine,Hep B）免疫效果。方法在31个省（区、市）的160个国家疾病监测点,采用多阶段随机抽样抽取贫困县和非贫困县1-29岁常住人口,采集静脉血,检测分析HBV表面抗原（HBV surface antigen,HBs Ag）、抗HBs Ag抗体（Antibody to HBs Ag,anti-HBs）和抗HBV核心抗原抗体（Antibody to HBV core antigen,anti-HBc）流行率,并调查分析1-14岁儿童Hep B首剂及时（Timely first dose of Hep B,Hep B1t）和全程（3 doses of Hep B,Hep B3）接种率。结果贫困县、非贫困县1-29岁人群HBs Ag流行率分别为3.03%（95%CI：2.73%-3.33%）、2.42%（95%CI：2.20%-2.64%）,anti-HBc流行率分别为14.23%（95%CI：13.62%-14.85%）、12.31%（95%CI：11.85%-12.78%）;anti-HBs流行率分别为56.33%（95%CI：55.46%-57.21%）、58.63%（95%CI：57.93%-59.32%）。贫困县和非贫困县1-14岁儿童Hep B1t接种率分别为69.49%（95%CI：68.53%-70.46%）、80.37%（95%CI：79.70%-81.04%）,Hep B3接种率分别为78.21%（95%CI：77.34%-79.08%）、85.55%（95%CI：84.96%-86.15%）。结论中国新生儿Hep B免疫策略有效降低了HBs Ag流行率,且小年龄儿童HBs Ag流行率在不同经济水平地区间无差异。
文摘Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.
文摘目的了解陕西省健康人群戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)血清流行率。方法采用分层随机抽样方法于2013年5-6月抽取陕西省3个县0-65岁健康人群,检测血清抗-HEV IgG抗体,分析抗体阳性率。结果陕西省0-65岁健康人群抗-HEV IgG阳性率为15.82%(218/1378,标化阳性率:26.59%),男、女性分别为13.78%、17.82%(χ^2=4.21,P=0.040),<1岁、1-4岁、5-14岁、15-65岁分别为14.63%、11.22%、5.79%、30.13%(χ^2=92.46,P<0.001),3个县分别为汉阴县14.23%、泾阳县22.33%、洛川县11.35%(χ^2=20.75,P<0.001)。结论陕西省健康人群HEV感染率相对较高,存在显著的地区、年龄差异;建议对高危人群接种戊肝疫苗。
文摘为了解江西省种猪群伪狂犬病(PR)的流行情况,寻找狂犬病毒(PRV)感染的潜在风险因素,开展了本次横断面研究。按照估计流行率的抽样策略,随机抽取73个种猪场,根据猪场养殖规模将其分为3种类型,分别进行抽样,然后采用PRV g E-ELISA抗体检测试剂盒进行抗体检测。同时,根据73个种猪场的详细地址,描绘猪场的空间分布图,并对其开展问卷调查,对问卷中涉及的风险因素进行单因素分析,筛选出P<0.2的变量,将其导入多因素Logistic回归模型,用倒推法选择变量,进行回归分析。结果发现:江西省种猪群PR的群流行率为28.63%(95%CI:18.26%~38.99%),个体流行率为9.37%(95%CI:8.98%~9.77%);PR阳性猪场多分布于江西省中部的上饶、抚州、鹰潭、宜春等县市;与PR感染相关的2个风险因素是场区周围3 km范围内是否有其他猪场(OR=4.766,P=0.020)和养殖场主是否愿意开展PR净化(OR=0.054,P=0.014)。依据研究结果,建议加强对养殖场主的培训与宣传,使其认识到PR净化的重要性,并掌握PR防控与净化的专业技术。
文摘Background: Hepatitis B virus is one of the transfusion transmission infectious agents of public health relevance. Its prevalence varies across the globe. Establishing the sero-prevalence of the disease is critical to informing the direction of preventive and control strategies. Objective: The aim of this study therefore was to establish the hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence among blood donors in the Kintampo municipality of Ghana. Methodology: This three-year hospital based retrospective study was conducted at the laboratory unit of the Kintampo Municipal Hospital. The laboratory uses one step immunochromatographic test kits to detect the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen in the sera of blood donors. Records on blood donors were reviewed for hepatitis B sero-positivity. Results: A total of 3402 blood donors were studied, out of which 3238 (95.2%) were males and 164 (4.8%) were females. The overall sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen was 9.6% (327/3402). Majority of the sero-positive donors were less than 40 years, with higher prevalence of 16.4% (35/214) in donors less than 20 years. The sero-prevalence in males and females was 9.7% (313/3238) and 8.5% (14/164) respectively. Conclusion: The Kintampo municipality has a relatively high prevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors. The probability of hepatitis B viral infection was age inclined as the youth seem to be at greater risk of contracting the disease.
文摘Background:?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection is an important preventable cause of infertility. In women, up to 70% of genital infection with?Chlamydia trachomatis?are asymptomatic. In the management of infertility patients, a lot of clinicians or centres do not routinely screen for?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection. Hence all patients being investigated for infertility may potentially be at risk of tubal blockage in addition to non-tubal factor aetiology. Those with primary tubal blockage also are at risk of worsening of the blockage. Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between IgG and IgM Chlamydia antibody testing (CAT) and tubal factor infertility. Design: It was a cross sectional descriptive study. Method: The sera of 400 consecutive consenting infertile patients presenting to the gynaecological clinic of the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Northern Nigeria were tested for Chlamydia antibodies using ELISA IgG and IgM kits produced by Diagnostic Automation, Inc., 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302, USA. Results: Up to 264 (66%) of the patients had tubal factor, 64 (16%) had uterine, 56 (14%) had ovarian, 50 (12.5%) had male while 40 (10%) had others. The causative factors were not mutually exclusive. The sero-prevalence of IgG and IgMChlamydia trachomatis?amongst patients with tubal infertility were 35.6% and 35.6% respectively. There was a stronger significant relation (P = 0.008) between IgM sero-positivity which suggests recent infection and tubal infertility. The relation between IgG sero-positivity which suggest chronic infection and tubal infertility was also significant (P = 0.036) but relatively lower. Conclusion: The sero-prevalence of?Chlamydia trachomatis?infection, IgG and IgM was significantly higher among the sub-population with tubal infertility. Chlamydia antibody testing (CAT) has predictive value for tubal infertility.
