The MtN3/saliva/SWEET-type genes, existing either alone or in a family group, are found in diverse organisms, from monocellular protozoa to higher eukaryotes, indicating their importance in cellular organisms. These g...The MtN3/saliva/SWEET-type genes, existing either alone or in a family group, are found in diverse organisms, from monocellular protozoa to higher eukaryotes, indicating their importance in cellular organisms. These genes encode polytopic membrane proteins that feature an MtN3/saliva domain, also known as a PQ loop repeat, The rice MtN3/saliva/SWEET gene family consists of 21 members and is among the largest families in sequenced organisms. Accumulating data suggest that these genes are involved in multiple physiological processes, including reproductive development, senescence, environmental adaptation, and host-pathogen interaction, in different species. In rice, some members of the family, including Xa13/Os8N3/OsSWEET11, which is essential for reproductive development, are used by the pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae to invade its host. Emerging data have also revealed that at least some MtN3/saliva/SWEET-type proteins may regulate different physiological processes by facilitating ion transport via interaction with ion transporters or as sugar transporters. The accumulating knowledge about MtN3/saliva/SWEET- type genes will help to elucidate the molecular bases of their function in different organisms.展开更多
目的:通过研究口内数字化扫描仪多次扫描的重复性来评价其扫描精度。方法:根据原始研究模型上牙备后基牙的分布不同分为5小组(1.右侧上颌中切牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;2.右侧上颌第一磨牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;3.右侧上颌中切牙和尖牙...目的:通过研究口内数字化扫描仪多次扫描的重复性来评价其扫描精度。方法:根据原始研究模型上牙备后基牙的分布不同分为5小组(1.右侧上颌中切牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;2.右侧上颌第一磨牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;3.右侧上颌中切牙和尖牙为牙备后形态,上颌侧切牙缺失,余牙完整;4.右侧上颌7颗牙齿为牙备后形态,左半侧完整;5.上颌全部牙齿为牙备后形态)。实验组中,每一小组的研究模型均用TRIOS口内扫描仪10次;对照组中,每一小组的研究模型先分别翻制10副石膏模型,再用3Shape口外扫描仪扫描。实验组和对照组分别得到扫描生成的50个STL三维图像文件,将总共100个STL文件通过Geomagic Studio 12软件进行处理和分析来评价两组扫描的重复性和精度。结果:实验组(口内组)3D标准偏差分别是第1小组:13.33μm,第2小组:7.0μm,第3小组:16.33μm,第4小组:41.56μm,第5小组:88.44μm。对照组的3D标准偏差分别是第1小组:14.89μm,第2小组:8.67μm,第3小组:24.33μm,第4小组:14.22μm,第5小组:12.67μm。实验组和对照组的3D标准偏差在第2,3,4,5小组中有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:口内数字化印模扫描精度随着牙弓扫描范围增大而降低,其在扫描范围小于半个牙弓时表现出的精度符合临床要求;而口外台式扫描仪在扫描任意范围牙弓时均表现出较好的精度。展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Program on the Development of Basic Research in China （2012CB114005）the National Program of High Technology Development of China （2012AA10A303） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31100875）No conflict of interest declared.
文摘The MtN3/saliva/SWEET-type genes, existing either alone or in a family group, are found in diverse organisms, from monocellular protozoa to higher eukaryotes, indicating their importance in cellular organisms. These genes encode polytopic membrane proteins that feature an MtN3/saliva domain, also known as a PQ loop repeat, The rice MtN3/saliva/SWEET gene family consists of 21 members and is among the largest families in sequenced organisms. Accumulating data suggest that these genes are involved in multiple physiological processes, including reproductive development, senescence, environmental adaptation, and host-pathogen interaction, in different species. In rice, some members of the family, including Xa13/Os8N3/OsSWEET11, which is essential for reproductive development, are used by the pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae to invade its host. Emerging data have also revealed that at least some MtN3/saliva/SWEET-type proteins may regulate different physiological processes by facilitating ion transport via interaction with ion transporters or as sugar transporters. The accumulating knowledge about MtN3/saliva/SWEET- type genes will help to elucidate the molecular bases of their function in different organisms.
文摘目的:通过研究口内数字化扫描仪多次扫描的重复性来评价其扫描精度。方法:根据原始研究模型上牙备后基牙的分布不同分为5小组(1.右侧上颌中切牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;2.右侧上颌第一磨牙为牙备后形态,余牙完整;3.右侧上颌中切牙和尖牙为牙备后形态,上颌侧切牙缺失,余牙完整;4.右侧上颌7颗牙齿为牙备后形态,左半侧完整;5.上颌全部牙齿为牙备后形态)。实验组中,每一小组的研究模型均用TRIOS口内扫描仪10次;对照组中,每一小组的研究模型先分别翻制10副石膏模型,再用3Shape口外扫描仪扫描。实验组和对照组分别得到扫描生成的50个STL三维图像文件,将总共100个STL文件通过Geomagic Studio 12软件进行处理和分析来评价两组扫描的重复性和精度。结果:实验组(口内组)3D标准偏差分别是第1小组:13.33μm,第2小组:7.0μm,第3小组:16.33μm,第4小组:41.56μm,第5小组:88.44μm。对照组的3D标准偏差分别是第1小组:14.89μm,第2小组:8.67μm,第3小组:24.33μm,第4小组:14.22μm,第5小组:12.67μm。实验组和对照组的3D标准偏差在第2,3,4,5小组中有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:口内数字化印模扫描精度随着牙弓扫描范围增大而降低,其在扫描范围小于半个牙弓时表现出的精度符合临床要求;而口外台式扫描仪在扫描任意范围牙弓时均表现出较好的精度。
