Aims spatial distribution patterns of species reflect not only the ecological processes but also the habitat features that are related to species distribution.in karst topography,species distribution patterns provide ...Aims spatial distribution patterns of species reflect not only the ecological processes but also the habitat features that are related to species distribution.in karst topography,species distribution patterns provide more specific information about their environments.The objectives of this study are as follows:(i)to analyse and explain the spatial distribution patterns of conspecific trees in an old-growth subtropical karst forest;(ii)to investigate pattern changes at different spatial scales;(iii)to test the spatial pattern similarity(or dissimilarity)between trees at different abundances,diameter at breast height classes,canopy layers and different functional groups(shade tolerance and seed dispersal mode);(iv)to examine whether habitat heterogeneity has an important effect on the species spatial distribution.Methods The spatial distributions of woody species with≥20 individuals in a 1-ha subtropical karst forest plot at maolan in southwestern China were quantified using the relative neighbourhood densityΩbased on the average density of conspecific species in a circular neigh-bourhood around each species.Important Findingsaggregated distribution is the dominant pattern in the karst forest,but the ratio of aggregated species in total species number decreases with an increase in spatial scale.less abundant species are more aggregated than most abundant species.aggregation is weaker in larger diameter classes,which is consistent with the prediction of self-thinning.seed dispersal mode influences spatial patterns,with species dispersed by animals being less aggregated than those dispersed by wind and gravity.other species functional traits(e.g.shade tolerance)also influence the species spatial distributions.moreover,differences among species habitat associations,e.g.with rocky outcrops,play a significant role in species spatial distributions.These results indicate that habitat heterogeneity,seed dispersal limitation and self-thinning primarily contribute to the species spatial distributions in this subtropical k展开更多
【目的】北方草地过度放牧和刈割造成植被严重退化和土壤养分缺乏。本研究探讨施用氮、磷肥料对退化草地植物群落多样性和生产力的影响。【方法】在呼伦贝尔退化草地连续进行4年氮、磷添加试验,设置2个施氮水平(0、10 g N·m^-2...【目的】北方草地过度放牧和刈割造成植被严重退化和土壤养分缺乏。本研究探讨施用氮、磷肥料对退化草地植物群落多样性和生产力的影响。【方法】在呼伦贝尔退化草地连续进行4年氮、磷添加试验,设置2个施氮水平(0、10 g N·m^-2·a^-1)和6个施磷水平(0、2、4、6、8和10 g P·m^-2·a^-1),共计12个处理,5次重复。每年5月下旬返青时施肥,8月中旬生物量最大时期进行群落调查,主要进行群落生产力、物种多样性及4种功能群相对生物量的分析。【结果】2014—2017年物种丰富度降低明显,完全对照处理(既不施氮也不施磷)4年的物种丰富度平均分别是20.2、17.1、14.7、15.2种;对植物群落α多样性(丰富度和优势度指数)研究表明,氮添加降低了群落物种多样性,而磷添加及磷的累积效应均对群落物种多样性无影响。多样性指数年际间差异显著,氮和年交互作用对其具有显著影响。草地群落地上生产力(ANPP)年际间变化显著,2014年最高,2015年最低,变化范围从400 g·m^-2降到100 g·m^-2左右,干旱年份显著低于正常降水年份,磷对群落生产力影响较小,氮添加显著提高了群落地上生产力,而且氮和磷共同添加的影响大于磷单独添加;生长季正常降水年份,氮素是草甸草原植物生长的主要限制因子。氮添加显著影响了各功能群相对生物量,磷添加对各功能群相对生物量影响较小,各功能群相对生物量年际间具有显著差异。氮单独添加显著增加根茎型禾草的相对生物量,但降低了多年生杂类草和丛生禾草的相对生物量,而磷单独添加增加了多年生杂类草和豆科植物功能群的相对生物量,但没有影响根茎型禾草和丛生禾草的相对生物量;氮磷复合添加显著增加了多年生根茎型禾草的相对生物量,但显著降低了其他功能群的相对生物量。此外,氮、磷添加在一定程度上降低植物群落的稳定性。【结展开更多
基金One Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to J.N.National Basic Research Program(973)of the China Ministry of Science and Technology(2006CB403207).
文摘Aims spatial distribution patterns of species reflect not only the ecological processes but also the habitat features that are related to species distribution.in karst topography,species distribution patterns provide more specific information about their environments.The objectives of this study are as follows:(i)to analyse and explain the spatial distribution patterns of conspecific trees in an old-growth subtropical karst forest;(ii)to investigate pattern changes at different spatial scales;(iii)to test the spatial pattern similarity(or dissimilarity)between trees at different abundances,diameter at breast height classes,canopy layers and different functional groups(shade tolerance and seed dispersal mode);(iv)to examine whether habitat heterogeneity has an important effect on the species spatial distribution.Methods The spatial distributions of woody species with≥20 individuals in a 1-ha subtropical karst forest plot at maolan in southwestern China were quantified using the relative neighbourhood densityΩbased on the average density of conspecific species in a circular neigh-bourhood around each species.Important Findingsaggregated distribution is the dominant pattern in the karst forest,but the ratio of aggregated species in total species number decreases with an increase in spatial scale.less abundant species are more aggregated than most abundant species.aggregation is weaker in larger diameter classes,which is consistent with the prediction of self-thinning.seed dispersal mode influences spatial patterns,with species dispersed by animals being less aggregated than those dispersed by wind and gravity.other species functional traits(e.g.shade tolerance)also influence the species spatial distributions.moreover,differences among species habitat associations,e.g.with rocky outcrops,play a significant role in species spatial distributions.These results indicate that habitat heterogeneity,seed dispersal limitation and self-thinning primarily contribute to the species spatial distributions in this subtropical k
文摘【目的】北方草地过度放牧和刈割造成植被严重退化和土壤养分缺乏。本研究探讨施用氮、磷肥料对退化草地植物群落多样性和生产力的影响。【方法】在呼伦贝尔退化草地连续进行4年氮、磷添加试验,设置2个施氮水平(0、10 g N·m^-2·a^-1)和6个施磷水平(0、2、4、6、8和10 g P·m^-2·a^-1),共计12个处理,5次重复。每年5月下旬返青时施肥,8月中旬生物量最大时期进行群落调查,主要进行群落生产力、物种多样性及4种功能群相对生物量的分析。【结果】2014—2017年物种丰富度降低明显,完全对照处理(既不施氮也不施磷)4年的物种丰富度平均分别是20.2、17.1、14.7、15.2种;对植物群落α多样性(丰富度和优势度指数)研究表明,氮添加降低了群落物种多样性,而磷添加及磷的累积效应均对群落物种多样性无影响。多样性指数年际间差异显著,氮和年交互作用对其具有显著影响。草地群落地上生产力(ANPP)年际间变化显著,2014年最高,2015年最低,变化范围从400 g·m^-2降到100 g·m^-2左右,干旱年份显著低于正常降水年份,磷对群落生产力影响较小,氮添加显著提高了群落地上生产力,而且氮和磷共同添加的影响大于磷单独添加;生长季正常降水年份,氮素是草甸草原植物生长的主要限制因子。氮添加显著影响了各功能群相对生物量,磷添加对各功能群相对生物量影响较小,各功能群相对生物量年际间具有显著差异。氮单独添加显著增加根茎型禾草的相对生物量,但降低了多年生杂类草和丛生禾草的相对生物量,而磷单独添加增加了多年生杂类草和豆科植物功能群的相对生物量,但没有影响根茎型禾草和丛生禾草的相对生物量;氮磷复合添加显著增加了多年生根茎型禾草的相对生物量,但显著降低了其他功能群的相对生物量。此外,氮、磷添加在一定程度上降低植物群落的稳定性。【结
