Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice,employs the transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)to induce the expression of the OsSWEET family of putative sugar transporter gene...Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice,employs the transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)to induce the expression of the OsSWEET family of putative sugar transporter genes,which function in conferring disease susceptibility(S)in rice plants.To engineer broadspectrum bacterial blight resistance,we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to disrupt the TALEbinding elements(EBEs)of two S genes,OsSWEETH and OsSWEET14,in rice cv.Kitaake,which harbors the recessive resistance allele of Xa25/OsSWEET13.The engineered rice line MS14K exhibited broadspectrum resistance to most Xoo strains with a few exceptions,suggesting that the compatible strains may contain new TALEs.We identified two PthXo2-like TALEs,Tal5LN18 and Tal7PX061,as major virulence factors in the compatible Xoo strains LN18 and PX061,respectively,and found that Xoo encodes at least five types of PthXo2-like effectors.Given that PthXo2/PthXo2.1 target OsSlVEETf3 for transcriptional activation,the genomes of 3000 rice varieties were analyzed for EBE variationsin the OsSWEET13 promoter,and 10Xa25-like haplotypes were identified.We found that Tal5LN18 and Tal7PX〇6i bind slightly different EBE sequences in the OsSWEET13 promoter to activate its expression.CRISPR/Cas9 technology was then used to generate InDels in the EBE of the OsSWEET13 promoter in MS14K to creat a new germplasm with three edited OsSWEET EBEs and broad-spectrum resistance against all Xoo strains tested.Collectively,our findings illustrate how to disarm TALE-S co-evolved loci to generate broad-spectrum resistance through the loss of effector-triggered susceptibility in plants.展开更多
不安腿综合征（restless legs syndrome，RLS）是一种常见的神经系统感觉运动障碍性疾病，该病可严重影响患者的睡眠，显著降低生活质量。由于该病未引起临床医生重视，常造成误诊或漏诊。我们现就近年来RLS的流行病学、病因、临床表现...不安腿综合征（restless legs syndrome，RLS）是一种常见的神经系统感觉运动障碍性疾病，该病可严重影响患者的睡眠，显著降低生活质量。由于该病未引起临床医生重视，常造成误诊或漏诊。我们现就近年来RLS的流行病学、病因、临床表现和诊断、治疗的研究进展作一综述。展开更多
This paper presents a modified structure of a neural network with tunable activation function and provides a new learning algorithm for the neural network training. Simulation results of XOR problem, Feigenbaum functi...This paper presents a modified structure of a neural network with tunable activation function and provides a new learning algorithm for the neural network training. Simulation results of XOR problem, Feigenbaum function, and Henon map show that the new algorithm has better performance than BP (back propagation) algorithm in terms of shorter convergence time and higher convergence accuracy. Further modifications of the structure of the neural network with the faster learning algorithm demonstrate simpler structure with even faster convergence speed and better convergence accuracy.展开更多
不安腿综合征（restless legs syndrome, RLS）是一种神经运动障碍疾病,主要表现为休息或安静时下肢感觉不适,尤其在夜间最为明显,需经频繁腿部移动才能缓解.在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中RLS的发病率为6.6%～62%[1].其发病机制尚未明了...不安腿综合征（restless legs syndrome, RLS）是一种神经运动障碍疾病,主要表现为休息或安静时下肢感觉不适,尤其在夜间最为明显,需经频繁腿部移动才能缓解.在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中RLS的发病率为6.6%～62%[1].其发病机制尚未明了,目前认为尿毒症患者的多种病生理改变均参与RLS的发生.现将近年来尿毒症RLS的治疗进展综述如下.展开更多
目前,工业控制系统(Industrial Control Systems,ICS)网络安全已经成为信息安全领域的重点问题,而检测篡改行为数据及控制程序等攻击是ICS网络安全的难点问题,据此提出了基于行为模型的工控异常检测方法。该方法从工控网络流量中提取行...目前,工业控制系统(Industrial Control Systems,ICS)网络安全已经成为信息安全领域的重点问题,而检测篡改行为数据及控制程序等攻击是ICS网络安全的难点问题,据此提出了基于行为模型的工控异常检测方法。该方法从工控网络流量中提取行为数据序列,根据ICS的控制和被控过程构建正常行为模型,通过比较分析实时提取的行为数据与模型预测的行为数据,判断是否出现异常。通过实验分析,验证了所提方法能有效实现对篡改行为数据及控制程序等攻击的异常检测。展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830072)the National Transgenic Major Program(2016ZX08001-002).
文摘Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice,employs the transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)to induce the expression of the OsSWEET family of putative sugar transporter genes,which function in conferring disease susceptibility(S)in rice plants.To engineer broadspectrum bacterial blight resistance,we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to disrupt the TALEbinding elements(EBEs)of two S genes,OsSWEETH and OsSWEET14,in rice cv.Kitaake,which harbors the recessive resistance allele of Xa25/OsSWEET13.The engineered rice line MS14K exhibited broadspectrum resistance to most Xoo strains with a few exceptions,suggesting that the compatible strains may contain new TALEs.We identified two PthXo2-like TALEs,Tal5LN18 and Tal7PX061,as major virulence factors in the compatible Xoo strains LN18 and PX061,respectively,and found that Xoo encodes at least five types of PthXo2-like effectors.Given that PthXo2/PthXo2.1 target OsSlVEETf3 for transcriptional activation,the genomes of 3000 rice varieties were analyzed for EBE variationsin the OsSWEET13 promoter,and 10Xa25-like haplotypes were identified.We found that Tal5LN18 and Tal7PX〇6i bind slightly different EBE sequences in the OsSWEET13 promoter to activate its expression.CRISPR/Cas9 technology was then used to generate InDels in the EBE of the OsSWEET13 promoter in MS14K to creat a new germplasm with three edited OsSWEET EBEs and broad-spectrum resistance against all Xoo strains tested.Collectively,our findings illustrate how to disarm TALE-S co-evolved loci to generate broad-spectrum resistance through the loss of effector-triggered susceptibility in plants.
文摘This paper presents a modified structure of a neural network with tunable activation function and provides a new learning algorithm for the neural network training. Simulation results of XOR problem, Feigenbaum function, and Henon map show that the new algorithm has better performance than BP (back propagation) algorithm in terms of shorter convergence time and higher convergence accuracy. Further modifications of the structure of the neural network with the faster learning algorithm demonstrate simpler structure with even faster convergence speed and better convergence accuracy.
文摘不安腿综合征（restless legs syndrome, RLS）是一种神经运动障碍疾病,主要表现为休息或安静时下肢感觉不适,尤其在夜间最为明显,需经频繁腿部移动才能缓解.在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中RLS的发病率为6.6%～62%[1].其发病机制尚未明了,目前认为尿毒症患者的多种病生理改变均参与RLS的发生.现将近年来尿毒症RLS的治疗进展综述如下.
文摘目前,工业控制系统(Industrial Control Systems,ICS)网络安全已经成为信息安全领域的重点问题,而检测篡改行为数据及控制程序等攻击是ICS网络安全的难点问题,据此提出了基于行为模型的工控异常检测方法。该方法从工控网络流量中提取行为数据序列,根据ICS的控制和被控过程构建正常行为模型,通过比较分析实时提取的行为数据与模型预测的行为数据,判断是否出现异常。通过实验分析,验证了所提方法能有效实现对篡改行为数据及控制程序等攻击的异常检测。
