Dissolved organic matter （DOM） plays an important role in heavy metal speciation and distribution in the aquatic environment especially for eutrophic lakes which have higher DOM concentration. Taihu Lake is the thir...Dissolved organic matter （DOM） plays an important role in heavy metal speciation and distribution in the aquatic environment especially for eutrophic lakes which have higher DOM concentration. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater and a high eutrophic lake in the downstream of the Yangtze River, China. In the lake, frequent breakout of algae blooms greatly increased the concentration of different organic matters in the lake sediment. In this study, sediment samples were collected from various part of Taihu Lake to explore the spatial difference in the binding potential of DOM with Cu. The titration experiment was adopted to quantitatively characterize the interaction between Cu（II） and DOM extracted from Taihu Lake sediments using ion selective electrode （ISE） and fluorescence quenching technology. The ISE results showed that the exogenous DOM had higher binding ability than endogenous DOM, and DOM derived from aquatic macrophytes had a higher binding ability than that derived from algae. The fluorescence quenching results indicated that humic substances played a key role in the complexation between DOM and Cu（II） in the lake. However, because of the frequent breakout of algae blooms, protein-like matters are also main component like hnmic matters in Taihu Lake. Therefore, the metals bound by protein-like substances should be caused concern as protein-like substances in DOM were unstable and they will release bound metal when decomposed.展开更多
为研究多间隙灭弧结构遭雷电过电压击穿后熄灭工频续流电弧的能力,分析了多间隙灭弧室内的灭弧过程及可能的熄弧方式,并基于Mayr电弧模型理论,针对10 k V电压等级,建立了多间隙灭弧结构击穿后的电弧动态模型,计算了工频续流过零时电弧...为研究多间隙灭弧结构遭雷电过电压击穿后熄灭工频续流电弧的能力,分析了多间隙灭弧室内的灭弧过程及可能的熄弧方式,并基于Mayr电弧模型理论,针对10 k V电压等级,建立了多间隙灭弧结构击穿后的电弧动态模型,计算了工频续流过零时电弧的熄灭过程,对影响熄弧效果的因素进行了分析;最后利用冲击与工频续流试验相结合的联合试验平台对具有多间隙结构的装置进行了联合试验。仿真与试验结果表明:较小的时间常数以及较高的耗散功率有利于工频续流电弧的熄灭,而多间隙灭弧结构能拉长电弧的特点能同时满足以上两点要求;联合试验时,多间隙灭弧结构能在闪络后的续流阶段快速熄灭电弧,熄弧发生在续流的第一个过零点时刻,熄弧后随着工频电压的恢复,该结构不会发生再次击穿;由于电弧在工频续流阶段存在一定的弧道压降,可保证输电线路不会发生短路性过流保护引发的跳闸事故。展开更多
With the addition of Si to replace some P,Pd40.5Ni40.5SixP19-x（x=0,2.5,5,9.5,14,and 19 in atomic number fraction） bulk glassy samples with the diameter of about 5 mm were successfully prepared by use of flux treatme...With the addition of Si to replace some P,Pd40.5Ni40.5SixP19-x（x=0,2.5,5,9.5,14,and 19 in atomic number fraction） bulk glassy samples with the diameter of about 5 mm were successfully prepared by use of flux treatment and water quenching technology.With the increase of Si content,the glass forming ability of Pd40.5Ni40.5Si-xP19-x increases first for low Si content and then decreases for high Si content （Si≥9.5at%）.The Pd40.50Ni40.5Si5P14 glassy alloy possesses the largest supercooled liquid region△T of 119 K,the largest reduced glass transition temperature of 0.621,and the largestγparameter of 0.460,indicating that this glassy alloy possesses very large glass forming ability and very high thermal stability.展开更多
对首钢生产的30 mm规格9Ni钢进行了最高硬度试验、斜Y坡口冷裂纹敏感性试验及焊接接头热输入适应性试验。试验结果表明,不预热进行焊接,9Ni钢最高硬度为HV10=353;预热75℃后焊接,最高硬度HV10=355,虽然钢材淬硬倾向较明显,但任可不预热...对首钢生产的30 mm规格9Ni钢进行了最高硬度试验、斜Y坡口冷裂纹敏感性试验及焊接接头热输入适应性试验。试验结果表明,不预热进行焊接,9Ni钢最高硬度为HV10=353;预热75℃后焊接,最高硬度HV10=355,虽然钢材淬硬倾向较明显,但任可不预热焊接。采用焊条电弧焊在焊接热输入8-20 k J/cm内,焊缝、热影响区-196℃冲击韧性满足标准要求。展开更多
基金Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （No. 2008CB418201）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 51278475） and Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduate in Jiangsu Province＂ （CXZZ11_0317）. Catherine Bentsen kindly edited the English language of our manuscript.
文摘Dissolved organic matter （DOM） plays an important role in heavy metal speciation and distribution in the aquatic environment especially for eutrophic lakes which have higher DOM concentration. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater and a high eutrophic lake in the downstream of the Yangtze River, China. In the lake, frequent breakout of algae blooms greatly increased the concentration of different organic matters in the lake sediment. In this study, sediment samples were collected from various part of Taihu Lake to explore the spatial difference in the binding potential of DOM with Cu. The titration experiment was adopted to quantitatively characterize the interaction between Cu（II） and DOM extracted from Taihu Lake sediments using ion selective electrode （ISE） and fluorescence quenching technology. The ISE results showed that the exogenous DOM had higher binding ability than endogenous DOM, and DOM derived from aquatic macrophytes had a higher binding ability than that derived from algae. The fluorescence quenching results indicated that humic substances played a key role in the complexation between DOM and Cu（II） in the lake. However, because of the frequent breakout of algae blooms, protein-like matters are also main component like hnmic matters in Taihu Lake. Therefore, the metals bound by protein-like substances should be caused concern as protein-like substances in DOM were unstable and they will release bound metal when decomposed.
文摘为研究多间隙灭弧结构遭雷电过电压击穿后熄灭工频续流电弧的能力,分析了多间隙灭弧室内的灭弧过程及可能的熄弧方式,并基于Mayr电弧模型理论,针对10 k V电压等级,建立了多间隙灭弧结构击穿后的电弧动态模型,计算了工频续流过零时电弧的熄灭过程,对影响熄弧效果的因素进行了分析;最后利用冲击与工频续流试验相结合的联合试验平台对具有多间隙结构的装置进行了联合试验。仿真与试验结果表明:较小的时间常数以及较高的耗散功率有利于工频续流电弧的熄灭,而多间隙灭弧结构能拉长电弧的特点能同时满足以上两点要求;联合试验时,多间隙灭弧结构能在闪络后的续流阶段快速熄灭电弧,熄弧发生在续流的第一个过零点时刻,熄弧后随着工频电压的恢复,该结构不会发生再次击穿;由于电弧在工频续流阶段存在一定的弧道压降,可保证输电线路不会发生短路性过流保护引发的跳闸事故。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Priorities Program of China(No.2007CB613905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50671050 and 50971073)
文摘With the addition of Si to replace some P,Pd40.5Ni40.5SixP19-x（x=0,2.5,5,9.5,14,and 19 in atomic number fraction） bulk glassy samples with the diameter of about 5 mm were successfully prepared by use of flux treatment and water quenching technology.With the increase of Si content,the glass forming ability of Pd40.5Ni40.5Si-xP19-x increases first for low Si content and then decreases for high Si content （Si≥9.5at%）.The Pd40.50Ni40.5Si5P14 glassy alloy possesses the largest supercooled liquid region△T of 119 K,the largest reduced glass transition temperature of 0.621,and the largestγparameter of 0.460,indicating that this glassy alloy possesses very large glass forming ability and very high thermal stability.
文摘对首钢生产的30 mm规格9Ni钢进行了最高硬度试验、斜Y坡口冷裂纹敏感性试验及焊接接头热输入适应性试验。试验结果表明,不预热进行焊接,9Ni钢最高硬度为HV10=353;预热75℃后焊接,最高硬度HV10=355,虽然钢材淬硬倾向较明显,但任可不预热焊接。采用焊条电弧焊在焊接热输入8-20 k J/cm内,焊缝、热影响区-196℃冲击韧性满足标准要求。
