This paper discusses geometric proportions which serve as a design toot, especially for IsLamic pattern design. The key rote of geometry in Islamic patterns is discussed with relation to proportions which act as the u...This paper discusses geometric proportions which serve as a design toot, especially for IsLamic pattern design. The key rote of geometry in Islamic patterns is discussed with relation to proportions which act as the underlying structure of the design process. Evaluations based on spatial structure and esthetic criteria are integrated into the conceptual phase of the design process. Proportions serve two objectives; firstly, in pattern design, proportions are strongly linked to geometry, which can be viewed as a self-guiding method of esthetically proven design. SecondLy, geometric proportions regulate primarily the order of patterns; while at the same time they mediate between the two poles of order and diversity as wetl as among different esthetic revels. This paper anatyzes geometric principles and design features of traditional Istamic patterns, involving geometric proportion anatysis. It also describes the syntheses of Islamic patterns from the perspectives of Islamic cosmology, philosophy and metaphysics of geometry, which can be seen as following a pre-established principle of geometric and proportional design with high accuracy and great precision. Furthermore, the underlying relationship between cosmology and geometry is manifested in Islamic patterns where geometry acts as the vocabulary underpinning the pattern language. These findings support the argument that geometry was independently discovered and applied by Islamic culture as a universal language, constituting one of the most important multicultural symbols in design.展开更多
目的采用HPLC法研究不同配比苍术-玄参药对中哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、苍术素溶出率的变化规律。方法分析采用Phenomenex Luna C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm);流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 m L/min;检测波长21...目的采用HPLC法研究不同配比苍术-玄参药对中哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、苍术素溶出率的变化规律。方法分析采用Phenomenex Luna C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm);流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 m L/min;检测波长210 nm(哈巴苷)、280 nm(哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、苍术素);柱温25℃。结果当药对配伍比例为2∶1时,4种成分的总溶出率最高,而为1∶2时最低。结论哈巴苷和安格洛苷C的溶出率随苍术比例的增加而升高,而哈巴苷的溶出率和哈巴俄苷可能成反比关系。展开更多
Due to the importance of the historical context of Dezful City,investigating historic buildings is necessary.But unfortunately,a large part of it is being destroyed.For this reason,it is essential to discover the guid...Due to the importance of the historical context of Dezful City,investigating historic buildings is necessary.But unfortunately,a large part of it is being destroyed.For this reason,it is essential to discover the guidelines and logic behind the architectural design of these buildings to help their reconstruction or restoration.Regrettably,there is no logical information about the components of this context and the reconstructions are usually done according to taste and based on architecture tested or personal preference.Therefore,it is necessary to find a logic behind these critical components that support the whole plan or parts of it in a particular style.The purpose of this research is to discover and find the logic behind the design of this building in the historical context of Dezful.Finding geometrical proportions can significantly help to reconstruct buildings better and more accurately.For this purpose,30 historical houses of Dezful were randomly selected,and their input information was drawn in 2D form in AutoCAD.Then,the length,width,and height proportions were measured,and the obtained ratios were compared with the golden proportions and dynamic rectangles.This paper studies entrance based on ratios of√2,√3,√4,√4,√1.25 andφ(the golden section).The results show that golden proportions and proportions derived from dynamic rectangles are present in the wording of all cases.Moreover,the range of ratios in the plan is from 1.34 to 2,and the content of changes in the section is from 1.22 to 2.The results can help architects,and particularly building owners,to reconstruct based on existing logic by discovering the proportions of the entrances of the houses.It is possible to administer a part of the damaged tissue and estimate its dimensions and sizes because the proportions’completeness can help revive half-destroyed historical buildings.展开更多
Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon（OC） are regarded as effective indicators of soil structure and quality. A longterm field experiment was established in 2006 to examine the influence of tillage systems on ...Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon（OC） are regarded as effective indicators of soil structure and quality. A longterm field experiment was established in 2006 to examine the influence of tillage systems on soil aggregation and OC in a sandy loam soil in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The study involved eight treatments： plowing every year with（TS） and without residue（T）, plowing every 2 years with（2TS） and without residue（2T）, plowing every 4 years with（4TS） and without residue（4T）, and no plowing with（NTS） and without residue（NT）. In 2013, soil samples were collected at depths of 0–5, 5–10 and 10–20 cm, and separated into three aggregate-size classes： macroaggregates（〉250 μm）, microaggregates（53–250 μm） and the silt＋clay fraction（〈53 μm） using wet sieving method. Soil parameters measured were water-stable aggregates, geometric mean diameter（GMD）, mean weight diameter（MWD） and OC concentrations in different aggregate-size fractions and in bulk soil. The tillage treatments significantly（P〈0.05） influenced soil aggregate stability and OC distribution. Higher MWD and GMD were observed in 2TS, 4TS and NTS as compared to T. With increasing soil depth, the amount of macroaggregates and MWD and GMD values were increased, while the proportions of microaggregates and the silt＋clay fraction were declined. The OC concentrations in different aggregate fractions at all soil depths followed the order of macroaggregates〉microaggregates〉silt＋clay fraction. In the 0–5 cm soil layer, concentrations of macroaggregateassociated OC in 2TS, 4TS and NTS were 14, 56 and 83% higher than for T, whereas T had the greatest concentration of OC associated with the silt＋clay fraction in the 10–20 cm layer. Soil OC concentrations under 4TS and NTS were significantly higher（P〈0.05） than that of T in the 0–10 cm layer. Residue retention promoted formation of macroaggregates, increased macroaggregate-associated OC concentrations an展开更多
In this paper, we discuss the art of estimating the greatest level of understanding obtained by a student based on five assessment types ranked based on their correlation between the set maximum levels of understandin...In this paper, we discuss the art of estimating the greatest level of understanding obtained by a student based on five assessment types ranked based on their correlation between the set maximum levels of understanding. The results show a weighting system yields a point estimate that has a stronger correlation between the preset levels of understanding than a simple point system.展开更多
71 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were treated by moxibustion and their immune functionand thyroid function were observed.It was found that moxibustion was able to reduce thethyroid amibodies in the peripheral bloo...71 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were treated by moxibustion and their immune functionand thyroid function were observed.It was found that moxibustion was able to reduce thethyroid amibodies in the peripheral blood of the patients with hypothyroidism and to recovertheir thyroid function.It was also found that moxibustion could lower the thyroid antibodysecretory levels and ADCC(antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity)activities ofthe lymphocytes,in addition,the action of moxibustion in reducing the secretion of thyroidantibodies was related to its action of regulating the proportions of T lymphocyte subsets.The results indicate that the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by moxihustion is probably accomplished through its effect in regulating the relationship among the T lymphocytesubsets.展开更多
This study aims to reveal the impacts of three important uncertainty issues in landslide susceptibility prediction(LSP),namely the spatial resolution,proportion of model training and testing datasets and selection of ...This study aims to reveal the impacts of three important uncertainty issues in landslide susceptibility prediction(LSP),namely the spatial resolution,proportion of model training and testing datasets and selection of machine learning models.Taking Yanchang County of China as example,the landslide inventory and 12 important conditioning factors were acquired.The frequency ratios of each conditioning factor were calculated under five spatial resolutions(15,30,60,90 and 120 m).Landslide and non-landslide samples obtained under each spatial resolution were further divided into five proportions of training and testing datasets(9:1,8:2,7:3,6:4 and 5:5),and four typical machine learning models were applied for LSP modelling.The results demonstrated that different spatial resolution and training and testing dataset proportions induce basically similar influences on the modeling uncertainty.With a decrease in the spatial resolution from 15 m to 120 m and a change in the proportions of the training and testing datasets from 9:1 to 5:5,the modelling accuracy gradually decreased,while the mean values of predicted landslide susceptibility indexes increased and their standard deviations decreased.The sensitivities of the three uncertainty issues to LSP modeling were,in order,the spatial resolution,the choice of machine learning model and the proportions of training/testing datasets.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses geometric proportions which serve as a design toot, especially for IsLamic pattern design. The key rote of geometry in Islamic patterns is discussed with relation to proportions which act as the underlying structure of the design process. Evaluations based on spatial structure and esthetic criteria are integrated into the conceptual phase of the design process. Proportions serve two objectives; firstly, in pattern design, proportions are strongly linked to geometry, which can be viewed as a self-guiding method of esthetically proven design. SecondLy, geometric proportions regulate primarily the order of patterns; while at the same time they mediate between the two poles of order and diversity as wetl as among different esthetic revels. This paper anatyzes geometric principles and design features of traditional Istamic patterns, involving geometric proportion anatysis. It also describes the syntheses of Islamic patterns from the perspectives of Islamic cosmology, philosophy and metaphysics of geometry, which can be seen as following a pre-established principle of geometric and proportional design with high accuracy and great precision. Furthermore, the underlying relationship between cosmology and geometry is manifested in Islamic patterns where geometry acts as the vocabulary underpinning the pattern language. These findings support the argument that geometry was independently discovered and applied by Islamic culture as a universal language, constituting one of the most important multicultural symbols in design.
文摘目的采用HPLC法研究不同配比苍术-玄参药对中哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、苍术素溶出率的变化规律。方法分析采用Phenomenex Luna C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm);流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 m L/min;检测波长210 nm(哈巴苷)、280 nm(哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、苍术素);柱温25℃。结果当药对配伍比例为2∶1时,4种成分的总溶出率最高,而为1∶2时最低。结论哈巴苷和安格洛苷C的溶出率随苍术比例的增加而升高,而哈巴苷的溶出率和哈巴俄苷可能成反比关系。
文摘Due to the importance of the historical context of Dezful City,investigating historic buildings is necessary.But unfortunately,a large part of it is being destroyed.For this reason,it is essential to discover the guidelines and logic behind the architectural design of these buildings to help their reconstruction or restoration.Regrettably,there is no logical information about the components of this context and the reconstructions are usually done according to taste and based on architecture tested or personal preference.Therefore,it is necessary to find a logic behind these critical components that support the whole plan or parts of it in a particular style.The purpose of this research is to discover and find the logic behind the design of this building in the historical context of Dezful.Finding geometrical proportions can significantly help to reconstruct buildings better and more accurately.For this purpose,30 historical houses of Dezful were randomly selected,and their input information was drawn in 2D form in AutoCAD.Then,the length,width,and height proportions were measured,and the obtained ratios were compared with the golden proportions and dynamic rectangles.This paper studies entrance based on ratios of√2,√3,√4,√4,√1.25 andφ(the golden section).The results show that golden proportions and proportions derived from dynamic rectangles are present in the wording of all cases.Moreover,the range of ratios in the plan is from 1.34 to 2,and the content of changes in the section is from 1.22 to 2.The results can help architects,and particularly building owners,to reconstruct based on existing logic by discovering the proportions of the entrances of the houses.It is possible to administer a part of the damaged tissue and estimate its dimensions and sizes because the proportions’completeness can help revive half-destroyed historical buildings.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB100504)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201203030-06)the Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXJQ120112)
文摘Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon（OC） are regarded as effective indicators of soil structure and quality. A longterm field experiment was established in 2006 to examine the influence of tillage systems on soil aggregation and OC in a sandy loam soil in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The study involved eight treatments： plowing every year with（TS） and without residue（T）, plowing every 2 years with（2TS） and without residue（2T）, plowing every 4 years with（4TS） and without residue（4T）, and no plowing with（NTS） and without residue（NT）. In 2013, soil samples were collected at depths of 0–5, 5–10 and 10–20 cm, and separated into three aggregate-size classes： macroaggregates（〉250 μm）, microaggregates（53–250 μm） and the silt＋clay fraction（〈53 μm） using wet sieving method. Soil parameters measured were water-stable aggregates, geometric mean diameter（GMD）, mean weight diameter（MWD） and OC concentrations in different aggregate-size fractions and in bulk soil. The tillage treatments significantly（P〈0.05） influenced soil aggregate stability and OC distribution. Higher MWD and GMD were observed in 2TS, 4TS and NTS as compared to T. With increasing soil depth, the amount of macroaggregates and MWD and GMD values were increased, while the proportions of microaggregates and the silt＋clay fraction were declined. The OC concentrations in different aggregate fractions at all soil depths followed the order of macroaggregates〉microaggregates〉silt＋clay fraction. In the 0–5 cm soil layer, concentrations of macroaggregateassociated OC in 2TS, 4TS and NTS were 14, 56 and 83% higher than for T, whereas T had the greatest concentration of OC associated with the silt＋clay fraction in the 10–20 cm layer. Soil OC concentrations under 4TS and NTS were significantly higher（P〈0.05） than that of T in the 0–10 cm layer. Residue retention promoted formation of macroaggregates, increased macroaggregate-associated OC concentrations an
文摘In this paper, we discuss the art of estimating the greatest level of understanding obtained by a student based on five assessment types ranked based on their correlation between the set maximum levels of understanding. The results show a weighting system yields a point estimate that has a stronger correlation between the preset levels of understanding than a simple point system.
文摘71 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were treated by moxibustion and their immune functionand thyroid function were observed.It was found that moxibustion was able to reduce thethyroid amibodies in the peripheral blood of the patients with hypothyroidism and to recovertheir thyroid function.It was also found that moxibustion could lower the thyroid antibodysecretory levels and ADCC(antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity)activities ofthe lymphocytes,in addition,the action of moxibustion in reducing the secretion of thyroidantibodies was related to its action of regulating the proportions of T lymphocyte subsets.The results indicate that the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by moxihustion is probably accomplished through its effect in regulating the relationship among the T lymphocytesubsets.
基金This research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807285,41762020,51879127 and 51769014E)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(D2022202005).
文摘This study aims to reveal the impacts of three important uncertainty issues in landslide susceptibility prediction(LSP),namely the spatial resolution,proportion of model training and testing datasets and selection of machine learning models.Taking Yanchang County of China as example,the landslide inventory and 12 important conditioning factors were acquired.The frequency ratios of each conditioning factor were calculated under five spatial resolutions(15,30,60,90 and 120 m).Landslide and non-landslide samples obtained under each spatial resolution were further divided into five proportions of training and testing datasets(9:1,8:2,7:3,6:4 and 5:5),and four typical machine learning models were applied for LSP modelling.The results demonstrated that different spatial resolution and training and testing dataset proportions induce basically similar influences on the modeling uncertainty.With a decrease in the spatial resolution from 15 m to 120 m and a change in the proportions of the training and testing datasets from 9:1 to 5:5,the modelling accuracy gradually decreased,while the mean values of predicted landslide susceptibility indexes increased and their standard deviations decreased.The sensitivities of the three uncertainty issues to LSP modeling were,in order,the spatial resolution,the choice of machine learning model and the proportions of training/testing datasets.
