Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, ...Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, or vegetables, or daily products. Until now, the risk of nosocomial infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria has mainly been evaluated using clinical isolates by phenotypic method. To evaluate a risk of community-acquired infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, a new method has been developed based on PCR-RFLP without isolation. By comparing restriction fragment lengths of the 16S rDNA gene from bacterial mixture grown under antibiotic treatment to those simulated from the DNA sequence, bacterial taxonomies were elucidated using the method of Okuda and Watanabe [1] [2]. In this study, taxonomies of polymyxin B resistant bacteria group in field soils, paddy field with organic manure and upland field without organic manure were estimated without isolation. In the both field soils, the major bacteria grown under the antibiotic were B. cereus group, which had natural resistance to this antibiotic. In field applied with organic manure, Prevotella spp., and the other Cytophagales, which were suggested to be of feces origin and to acquire resistance to the antibiotic, were detected. When numbers of each bacterial group were roughly estimated by the most probable number method, B. cereus group was enumerated to be 3.30 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in paddy field soil and 1.32 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in upland filed. Prevotella spp. and the other Cytophagales in paddy field were enumerated to be 1.31 × 106 MPN, and 1.07 × 106 MPN·g-1 dry soil.展开更多
目的探讨临床药师在多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎治疗中发挥的作用。方法临床药师参与1例多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎患者抗感染治疗全过程,从疗效、不良反应等方面评估治疗方案,并通过及时查阅最新文献,分析多黏菌素B耐...目的探讨临床药师在多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎治疗中发挥的作用。方法临床药师参与1例多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎患者抗感染治疗全过程,从疗效、不良反应等方面评估治疗方案,并通过及时查阅最新文献,分析多黏菌素B耐药原因,提供多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌感染的治疗方案,协助医师选择用药。结果医师采纳临床药师建议,采用头孢他啶阿维巴坦(1.25 g,静脉滴注,8 h 1次)单药治疗并经过剂量调整后,患者的各项感染指标逐渐恢复正常,临床症状改善,肺部感染得到有效控制,且不良反应得到及时纠正。结论临床药师参与多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎患者抗感染治疗过程,可及时协助医师调整并完善方案,有助于提高患者用药的有效性和安全性。展开更多
文摘Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, or vegetables, or daily products. Until now, the risk of nosocomial infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria has mainly been evaluated using clinical isolates by phenotypic method. To evaluate a risk of community-acquired infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, a new method has been developed based on PCR-RFLP without isolation. By comparing restriction fragment lengths of the 16S rDNA gene from bacterial mixture grown under antibiotic treatment to those simulated from the DNA sequence, bacterial taxonomies were elucidated using the method of Okuda and Watanabe [1] [2]. In this study, taxonomies of polymyxin B resistant bacteria group in field soils, paddy field with organic manure and upland field without organic manure were estimated without isolation. In the both field soils, the major bacteria grown under the antibiotic were B. cereus group, which had natural resistance to this antibiotic. In field applied with organic manure, Prevotella spp., and the other Cytophagales, which were suggested to be of feces origin and to acquire resistance to the antibiotic, were detected. When numbers of each bacterial group were roughly estimated by the most probable number method, B. cereus group was enumerated to be 3.30 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in paddy field soil and 1.32 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in upland filed. Prevotella spp. and the other Cytophagales in paddy field were enumerated to be 1.31 × 106 MPN, and 1.07 × 106 MPN·g-1 dry soil.
文摘目的探讨临床药师在多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎治疗中发挥的作用。方法临床药师参与1例多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎患者抗感染治疗全过程,从疗效、不良反应等方面评估治疗方案,并通过及时查阅最新文献,分析多黏菌素B耐药原因,提供多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌感染的治疗方案,协助医师选择用药。结果医师采纳临床药师建议,采用头孢他啶阿维巴坦(1.25 g,静脉滴注,8 h 1次)单药治疗并经过剂量调整后,患者的各项感染指标逐渐恢复正常,临床症状改善,肺部感染得到有效控制,且不良反应得到及时纠正。结论临床药师参与多黏菌素B耐药肺炎克雷伯菌重症肺炎患者抗感染治疗过程,可及时协助医师调整并完善方案,有助于提高患者用药的有效性和安全性。
