AIM: To assess and compare the esophageal function after peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) vs other conventional treatments in achalasia.METHODS: Chart review of all achalasia patients who underwent POEM, laparoscopic ...AIM: To assess and compare the esophageal function after peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) vs other conventional treatments in achalasia.METHODS: Chart review of all achalasia patients who underwent POEM, laparoscopic Heller myotomy(LHM) or pneumatic dilation(PD) at our institution between January 2012 and March 2015 was performed. Patient demographics, type of achalasia, prior treatments, pre- and post-treatment timed barium swallow(TBE) and high-resolution esophageal manometry(HREM) findings were compared between the three treatment groups. Patients who had both pre- and 2 mo posttreatment TBE or HREM were included in the final analysis. TBE parameters compared were barium column height, width and volume of barium remaining at 1 and 5 min. HREM parameters compared were basal lower esophageal sphincter(LES) pressures and LES-integrated relaxation pressures(IRP). Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [25th, 75 th percentiles] or frequency(percent). Analysis of variance, KruskalWallis test, Pearsons χ~2 test and Fishers Exact tests were used for analysis.RESULTS: A total of 200 achalasia patients were included of which 36 underwent POEM, 22 underwent PD and 142 underwent LHM. POEM patients were older(55.4 ± 16.8 years vs 46.5 ± 15.7 years, P = 0.013) and had higher BMI than LHM(29.1 ± 5.9 kg/m^2 vs 26 ± 5.1 kg/m^2, P = 0.012). More number of patients in POEM and PD groups had undergone prior treatments compared to LHM group(72.2% vs 68.2% vs 44.3% respectively, P = 0.003). At 2 mo post-treatment, all TBE parameters including barium column height, width and volume remaining at 1 and 5 min improved significantly in all three treatment groups(P = 0.01 to P < 0.001) except the column height at 1 min in PD group(P = 0.11). At 2 mo post-treatment, there was significant improvement in basal LES pressure and LES-IRP in both LHM(40.5 mm Hg vs 14.5 mm Hg and 24 mm Hg vs 7.1 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001) and POEM groups(38.7 mm Hg vs 11.4 mm Hg and 23.6 mm Hg vs 6.6 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001). However, when the e展开更多
Achalasia is a primary esophageal motor disorder. The etiology is still unknown and therefore all treatment options are strictly palliative with the intention to weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Current es...Achalasia is a primary esophageal motor disorder. The etiology is still unknown and therefore all treatment options are strictly palliative with the intention to weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Current established endoscopic therapeutic options include pneumatic dilation (PD) or botulinum toxin injection. Both treatment approaches have an excellent symptomatic short term effect, and lead to a reduction of LES pressure. However, the long term success of botulinum toxin (BT) injection is poor with symptom recurrence in more than 50% of the patients after 12 mo and in nearly 100% of the patients after 24 mo, which commonly requires repeat injections. In contrast, after a single PD 40%-60% of the patients remain asymptomatic for ≥ 10 years. Repeated on demand PD might become necessary and long term remission can be achieved with this approach in up to 90% of these patients. The main positive predictors for a symptomatic response to PD are an age > 40 years, a LES-pressure reduction to < 15 mmHg and/ or an improved radiological esophageal clearance post-PD. However PD has a significant risk for esophageal perforation, which occurs in about 2%-3% of cases. In randomized, controlled studies BT injection was inferior to PD and surgical cardiomyotomy, whereas the efficacy of PD, in patients > 40 years, was nearlyequivalent to surgery. A new promising technique might be peroral endoscopic myotomy, although long term results are needed and practicability as well as safety issues must be considered. Treatment with a temporary self expanding stent has been reported with favorable outcomes, but the data are all from one study group and must be confirmed by others before definite recommendations can be made. In addition to its use as a therapeutic tool, endoscopy also plays an important role in the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with achalasia.展开更多
目的系统评价内镜下球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症的有效性和安全性。方法检索外文数据库Med Line、Embase、ISI Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中文数据库中国生物医学文献数据库和万方数据库,检索时限从建库至2015...目的系统评价内镜下球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症的有效性和安全性。方法检索外文数据库Med Line、Embase、ISI Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中文数据库中国生物医学文献数据库和万方数据库,检索时限从建库至2015年12月。由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价文献,然后应用Rev Man 5.3统计软件进行meta分析。结果共有4篇文献总共343例患者纳入本meta分析,其中球囊扩张组176例,支架植入组167例。meta分析结果显示,球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的术后短期(术后1个月内)症状缓解率比较差异无统计学意义〔RR=1.03,95%CI(0.95,1.12),P=0.53〕,支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的术后2年症状缓解率优于球囊扩张治疗者〔RR=0.77,95%CI(0.64,0.92),P=0.005〕,但支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的并发症发生率明显高于球囊扩张治疗者〔RR=0.52,95%CI(0.40,0.69),P<0.000 01〕。结论尽管本meta分析有诸多不足,但初步的研究结果显示,球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症在短期内均同等有效。从长期来看,支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症较球囊扩张的效果更好,但只是会发生更多的并发症。因而在以后的临床诊疗过程中,要综合考虑疗效、风险及患者的身体状况和需求;在治疗过程中,应及时注意不良反应,做好充足准备,以减少并发症的发生,若当并发症发生时应及时采取措施对症治疗。展开更多
文摘AIM: To assess and compare the esophageal function after peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) vs other conventional treatments in achalasia.METHODS: Chart review of all achalasia patients who underwent POEM, laparoscopic Heller myotomy(LHM) or pneumatic dilation(PD) at our institution between January 2012 and March 2015 was performed. Patient demographics, type of achalasia, prior treatments, pre- and post-treatment timed barium swallow(TBE) and high-resolution esophageal manometry(HREM) findings were compared between the three treatment groups. Patients who had both pre- and 2 mo posttreatment TBE or HREM were included in the final analysis. TBE parameters compared were barium column height, width and volume of barium remaining at 1 and 5 min. HREM parameters compared were basal lower esophageal sphincter(LES) pressures and LES-integrated relaxation pressures(IRP). Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [25th, 75 th percentiles] or frequency(percent). Analysis of variance, KruskalWallis test, Pearsons χ~2 test and Fishers Exact tests were used for analysis.RESULTS: A total of 200 achalasia patients were included of which 36 underwent POEM, 22 underwent PD and 142 underwent LHM. POEM patients were older(55.4 ± 16.8 years vs 46.5 ± 15.7 years, P = 0.013) and had higher BMI than LHM(29.1 ± 5.9 kg/m^2 vs 26 ± 5.1 kg/m^2, P = 0.012). More number of patients in POEM and PD groups had undergone prior treatments compared to LHM group(72.2% vs 68.2% vs 44.3% respectively, P = 0.003). At 2 mo post-treatment, all TBE parameters including barium column height, width and volume remaining at 1 and 5 min improved significantly in all three treatment groups(P = 0.01 to P < 0.001) except the column height at 1 min in PD group(P = 0.11). At 2 mo post-treatment, there was significant improvement in basal LES pressure and LES-IRP in both LHM(40.5 mm Hg vs 14.5 mm Hg and 24 mm Hg vs 7.1 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001) and POEM groups(38.7 mm Hg vs 11.4 mm Hg and 23.6 mm Hg vs 6.6 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001). However, when the e
文摘Achalasia is a primary esophageal motor disorder. The etiology is still unknown and therefore all treatment options are strictly palliative with the intention to weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Current established endoscopic therapeutic options include pneumatic dilation (PD) or botulinum toxin injection. Both treatment approaches have an excellent symptomatic short term effect, and lead to a reduction of LES pressure. However, the long term success of botulinum toxin (BT) injection is poor with symptom recurrence in more than 50% of the patients after 12 mo and in nearly 100% of the patients after 24 mo, which commonly requires repeat injections. In contrast, after a single PD 40%-60% of the patients remain asymptomatic for ≥ 10 years. Repeated on demand PD might become necessary and long term remission can be achieved with this approach in up to 90% of these patients. The main positive predictors for a symptomatic response to PD are an age > 40 years, a LES-pressure reduction to < 15 mmHg and/ or an improved radiological esophageal clearance post-PD. However PD has a significant risk for esophageal perforation, which occurs in about 2%-3% of cases. In randomized, controlled studies BT injection was inferior to PD and surgical cardiomyotomy, whereas the efficacy of PD, in patients > 40 years, was nearlyequivalent to surgery. A new promising technique might be peroral endoscopic myotomy, although long term results are needed and practicability as well as safety issues must be considered. Treatment with a temporary self expanding stent has been reported with favorable outcomes, but the data are all from one study group and must be confirmed by others before definite recommendations can be made. In addition to its use as a therapeutic tool, endoscopy also plays an important role in the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with achalasia.
文摘目的系统评价内镜下球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症的有效性和安全性。方法检索外文数据库Med Line、Embase、ISI Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中文数据库中国生物医学文献数据库和万方数据库,检索时限从建库至2015年12月。由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价文献,然后应用Rev Man 5.3统计软件进行meta分析。结果共有4篇文献总共343例患者纳入本meta分析,其中球囊扩张组176例,支架植入组167例。meta分析结果显示,球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的术后短期(术后1个月内)症状缓解率比较差异无统计学意义〔RR=1.03,95%CI(0.95,1.12),P=0.53〕,支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的术后2年症状缓解率优于球囊扩张治疗者〔RR=0.77,95%CI(0.64,0.92),P=0.005〕,但支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症患者的并发症发生率明显高于球囊扩张治疗者〔RR=0.52,95%CI(0.40,0.69),P<0.000 01〕。结论尽管本meta分析有诸多不足,但初步的研究结果显示,球囊扩张和支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症在短期内均同等有效。从长期来看,支架植入治疗贲门失弛缓症较球囊扩张的效果更好,但只是会发生更多的并发症。因而在以后的临床诊疗过程中,要综合考虑疗效、风险及患者的身体状况和需求;在治疗过程中,应及时注意不良反应,做好充足准备,以减少并发症的发生,若当并发症发生时应及时采取措施对症治疗。
