Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic ecosystems.Existing quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and inaccurate.To investigate and eva...Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic ecosystems.Existing quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and inaccurate.To investigate and evaluate the influence of varying mesh sizes(505 and 160μm)on the sampling efficiency of meroplankton,we conducted an examination using two commonly used plankton nets during the spring season in the Southern Yellow Sea(SYS).Our study revealed a total of 12 meroplankton groups,with 9 groups identified in the 505-μm mesh nets and 11 groups in the 160-μm mesh nets.The results demonstrated the superior collection efficiency of the 160-μm net compared to the 505-μm net across the majority of meroplankton groups.Furthermore,we focused on exploring the abundance,distribution patterns,and realized niches of meroplankton collected by the two mesh size nets,and observed that the distribution of meroplankton closely resembled the distribution of possible benthic adults in the SYS.Correlation analysis of the six dominant groups collected in the 160-μm mesh nets revealed that seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the key environmental factors driving variations in meroplankton abundance within the SYS.This study also found that a smaller mesh size net does not necessarily capture meroplankton more comprehensively.A comprehensive understanding of the ecological characteristics of meroplankton requires the combination of two types of nets for research.Our research significantly advances our understanding of the quantification,abundance,and distribution of meroplankton,serving as a valuable contribution to the broader landscape of detailed quantitative meroplankton studies.展开更多
This work was done in Summer of 1988, 1989 and 1992, at three different stations (34, 39 and 44 m under sea level), in the south Yellow Sea using narrow band acoustic pulses with center frequencies of 120, 160 and 200...This work was done in Summer of 1988, 1989 and 1992, at three different stations (34, 39 and 44 m under sea level), in the south Yellow Sea using narrow band acoustic pulses with center frequencies of 120, 160 and 200 kHz.The pulses were echoed back from three different depths. We used CTD to record the temperature and salinity of different depth day and night, and the plankton samples at different layers were hauled up for comparison. We applied the numerical method introduced by R. Kind to calculate reflected plane wave spectrum, measured temperature and salinity in vertical direction of non-uniform layer distribution and obtained the numerical simulation signals of backward scattering sound waves from thermocline layers. We then compared them with the experimental data. Through the experiments of the same periords of three years we have confimed that the measured time that layer-scattering-waves to reach our recorders agreed well with that obtained by temperature sectional simulated data. On the other hand, there is no apparent effects of plankton distribution. This indicates that acoustic scattering mainly depends on physical non-uniformity property of the media (sea water).展开更多
Studies were carried out on the distribution and abundance of plankton in Awba stream and reservoir, University of Ibadan over a period of four months between November 2011 and February 2012. Studies were carried out ...Studies were carried out on the distribution and abundance of plankton in Awba stream and reservoir, University of Ibadan over a period of four months between November 2011 and February 2012. Studies were carried out at four selected stations comprising station 1 as the entry point of the stream into the University, which also served as the control, station 2 receiving sewage, station 3 downstream along the stream and at a point along Awba Reservoir serving as station 4. 1 ml aliquot of each plankton sample from the study stations were examined under a binocular microscope while identification of the plankton was carried out using standard textbooks. The results of the phytoplankton indicated the absence of Microcystis flos-aquae, Agmenellum and Oscillatoria limnetica in station 1 while members of the family bacillariophyceae appeared at all stations. All species of chlorophyceae family except Spirogyra were peculiarly absent at station 2. Other phytoplankton representatives at this point (station 2) included Microcystis, Anabaena, Oscillatoria and Melosira. Paramecium was the only zooplankton group that was absent in station 1 but the only species presented in station 2. This station also revealed the lowest diversity indices and very low or no Jaccards coefficient of similarity with the other stations. The overall differences observed in the abundance, species richness, Margalef and Shannon-Wiener indices of diversity of plankton in the study reveal self purification or recovery downstream from the effluent discharge.展开更多
基金Supported by the Laoshan Laboratory(Nos.LSKJ 202203700,LSKJ 202203704,LSKJ 202204005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.42076166,42130411)the NSFC Ship Time Sharing Project(No.42149901)。
文摘Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic ecosystems.Existing quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and inaccurate.To investigate and evaluate the influence of varying mesh sizes(505 and 160μm)on the sampling efficiency of meroplankton,we conducted an examination using two commonly used plankton nets during the spring season in the Southern Yellow Sea(SYS).Our study revealed a total of 12 meroplankton groups,with 9 groups identified in the 505-μm mesh nets and 11 groups in the 160-μm mesh nets.The results demonstrated the superior collection efficiency of the 160-μm net compared to the 505-μm net across the majority of meroplankton groups.Furthermore,we focused on exploring the abundance,distribution patterns,and realized niches of meroplankton collected by the two mesh size nets,and observed that the distribution of meroplankton closely resembled the distribution of possible benthic adults in the SYS.Correlation analysis of the six dominant groups collected in the 160-μm mesh nets revealed that seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the key environmental factors driving variations in meroplankton abundance within the SYS.This study also found that a smaller mesh size net does not necessarily capture meroplankton more comprehensively.A comprehensive understanding of the ecological characteristics of meroplankton requires the combination of two types of nets for research.Our research significantly advances our understanding of the quantification,abundance,and distribution of meroplankton,serving as a valuable contribution to the broader landscape of detailed quantitative meroplankton studies.
文摘This work was done in Summer of 1988, 1989 and 1992, at three different stations (34, 39 and 44 m under sea level), in the south Yellow Sea using narrow band acoustic pulses with center frequencies of 120, 160 and 200 kHz.The pulses were echoed back from three different depths. We used CTD to record the temperature and salinity of different depth day and night, and the plankton samples at different layers were hauled up for comparison. We applied the numerical method introduced by R. Kind to calculate reflected plane wave spectrum, measured temperature and salinity in vertical direction of non-uniform layer distribution and obtained the numerical simulation signals of backward scattering sound waves from thermocline layers. We then compared them with the experimental data. Through the experiments of the same periords of three years we have confimed that the measured time that layer-scattering-waves to reach our recorders agreed well with that obtained by temperature sectional simulated data. On the other hand, there is no apparent effects of plankton distribution. This indicates that acoustic scattering mainly depends on physical non-uniformity property of the media (sea water).
文摘Studies were carried out on the distribution and abundance of plankton in Awba stream and reservoir, University of Ibadan over a period of four months between November 2011 and February 2012. Studies were carried out at four selected stations comprising station 1 as the entry point of the stream into the University, which also served as the control, station 2 receiving sewage, station 3 downstream along the stream and at a point along Awba Reservoir serving as station 4. 1 ml aliquot of each plankton sample from the study stations were examined under a binocular microscope while identification of the plankton was carried out using standard textbooks. The results of the phytoplankton indicated the absence of Microcystis flos-aquae, Agmenellum and Oscillatoria limnetica in station 1 while members of the family bacillariophyceae appeared at all stations. All species of chlorophyceae family except Spirogyra were peculiarly absent at station 2. Other phytoplankton representatives at this point (station 2) included Microcystis, Anabaena, Oscillatoria and Melosira. Paramecium was the only zooplankton group that was absent in station 1 but the only species presented in station 2. This station also revealed the lowest diversity indices and very low or no Jaccards coefficient of similarity with the other stations. The overall differences observed in the abundance, species richness, Margalef and Shannon-Wiener indices of diversity of plankton in the study reveal self purification or recovery downstream from the effluent discharge.
