The pain-relieving effect of acupuncture is known to involve primary afferent nerves(PANs) via their roles in signal transmission to the CNS.Using single-unit recording in rats,we characterized the generation and tran...The pain-relieving effect of acupuncture is known to involve primary afferent nerves(PANs) via their roles in signal transmission to the CNS.Using single-unit recording in rats,we characterized the generation and transmission of electrical signals in Aβ and Aδ fibers induced by acupuncture-like stimuli.Acupuncture-like signals were elicited in PANs using three techniques:manual acupuncture(MAc),emulated acupuncture(EAc),and electro-acupuncture(EA)-like peripheral electrical stimulation(PES).The discharges evoked by MAc and EAc were mostly in a burst pattern with average intra-burst and inter-burst firing rates of 90 Hz and 2 Hz,respectively.The frequency of discharges in PANs was correlated with the frequency of PES.The highest discharge frequency was 246 Hz in Aβ fibers and 180 Hz in Aδ fibers.Therefore,EA in a dense-disperse mode(at alternating frequency between 2 Hz and 15 Hz or between 2 Hz and 100 Hz) best mimics MAc.Frequencies of EA output>250 Hz appear to be obsolete for pain relief.展开更多
在构建CPU(Central Process Unit,CPU)与GPU(Graphic Process Unit)或者CPU与其它设备协同计算的过程中,通过PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线将GPU等其他设备连接至CPU,承担并行计算的任务.为了解决PCI接口芯片与GPU芯片之...在构建CPU(Central Process Unit,CPU)与GPU(Graphic Process Unit)或者CPU与其它设备协同计算的过程中,通过PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线将GPU等其他设备连接至CPU,承担并行计算的任务.为了解决PCI接口芯片与GPU芯片之间的异步传输和时序匹配问题,基于PCI总线规范与GPU芯片的时序规范,采用跨时钟域信号的处理方法,设计了一个CPU与GPU之间跨时钟域连接的时序匹配接口电路.通过仿真,验证了该电路的正确性.结果表明,该电路可工作在252 MHz频率下,能够满足GPU与CPU间接口电路对速率和带宽的要求.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China (2016YFC0105501,2019YFC1712104 and 2016YFF0202802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81974169, 81671085 and 61527815)。
文摘The pain-relieving effect of acupuncture is known to involve primary afferent nerves(PANs) via their roles in signal transmission to the CNS.Using single-unit recording in rats,we characterized the generation and transmission of electrical signals in Aβ and Aδ fibers induced by acupuncture-like stimuli.Acupuncture-like signals were elicited in PANs using three techniques:manual acupuncture(MAc),emulated acupuncture(EAc),and electro-acupuncture(EA)-like peripheral electrical stimulation(PES).The discharges evoked by MAc and EAc were mostly in a burst pattern with average intra-burst and inter-burst firing rates of 90 Hz and 2 Hz,respectively.The frequency of discharges in PANs was correlated with the frequency of PES.The highest discharge frequency was 246 Hz in Aβ fibers and 180 Hz in Aδ fibers.Therefore,EA in a dense-disperse mode(at alternating frequency between 2 Hz and 15 Hz or between 2 Hz and 100 Hz) best mimics MAc.Frequencies of EA output>250 Hz appear to be obsolete for pain relief.
文摘在构建CPU(Central Process Unit,CPU)与GPU(Graphic Process Unit)或者CPU与其它设备协同计算的过程中,通过PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线将GPU等其他设备连接至CPU,承担并行计算的任务.为了解决PCI接口芯片与GPU芯片之间的异步传输和时序匹配问题,基于PCI总线规范与GPU芯片的时序规范,采用跨时钟域信号的处理方法,设计了一个CPU与GPU之间跨时钟域连接的时序匹配接口电路.通过仿真,验证了该电路的正确性.结果表明,该电路可工作在252 MHz频率下,能够满足GPU与CPU间接口电路对速率和带宽的要求.
