加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是采用有循证医学证据证明有效的围术期处理措施,降低手术创伤的应激反应、减少并发症、提高手术安全性和患者满意度,从而达到加速康复的目的。ERAS在髋、膝关节置换术(total hip/kn...加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是采用有循证医学证据证明有效的围术期处理措施,降低手术创伤的应激反应、减少并发症、提高手术安全性和患者满意度,从而达到加速康复的目的。ERAS在髋、膝关节置换术(total hip/knee arthroplasty,THA/TKA)中的重点在于提高手术操作技术和优化围术期管理,包括减少创伤和出血、优化疼痛与睡眠管理、预防感染、预防静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE),以及优化引流管、尿管和止血带的应用等。通过查阅文献,基于国家卫生计生委公益性行业科研专项《关节置换术安全性与效果评价》项目组数据库大样本数据分析,遵循循证医学原则,经过全国专家组反复讨论,编辑整理完成本共识,供广大骨科医师在临床工作中参考应用。本共识主要内容包括:患者教育、营养支持、麻醉管理、微创操作理念、围术期血液管理、预防感染、预防VTE、优化镇痛方案、睡眠管理、优化止血带应用、伤口管理、优化尿管应用、预防术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting,PONV)、功能锻炼、出院后管理和随访管理。展开更多
加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是基于循证医学证据的一系列围术期优化措施,以减少围术期的生理与心理创伤应激,减少并发症,达到加速康复的目的。但是目前针对脊柱手术尚无一整套ERAS体系协助患者从术前、术中到...加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是基于循证医学证据的一系列围术期优化措施,以减少围术期的生理与心理创伤应激,减少并发症,达到加速康复的目的。但是目前针对脊柱手术尚无一整套ERAS体系协助患者从术前、术中到术后快速康复。通过查阅文献,遵循循证医学原则,经过全国专家组反复讨论,针对脊柱外科手术患者围术期管理达成共识,供广大脊柱外科医师在临床工作中参考应用。本共识主要内容包括:术前宣教、术前评估及管理、抗菌药物使用与皮肤准备、麻醉、手术技术、激素应用、围术期血液管理与输液管理、血栓预防、疼痛管理、术后消化道管理、切口引流管管理、尿管管理、术后康复锻炼和出院后管理。展开更多
Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common problem in daily clinical practice. Understanding completely the pathophysiological changes in obstructive jaundice remains a challenge for planning current and future mana...Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common problem in daily clinical practice. Understanding completely the pathophysiological changes in obstructive jaundice remains a challenge for planning current and future management.Data sources: A Pub Med was searched for relevant articles published up to August 2016. The effect of obstructive jaundice on proinflammatory cytokines, coagulation status, hemodynamics and organ functions were evaluated.Results: The effects of obstructive jaundice included biliary tree, the hepatic cell and liver function as well as systemic complications. The lack of bile in the gut, the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier,the increased absorption of endotoxin and the subsequent endotoxemia cause proinflammatory cytokine production(TNF-α, IL-6). Bilirubin induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The principal clinical manifestations include hemodynamic instability and acute renal failure, cardiovascular suppression, immune compromise, coagulation disorders,nutritional impairment, and wound healing defect. The proper management includes full replacement of water and electrolyte deficiency, prophylactic antibiotics, lactulose, vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma,albumin and dopamine. The preoperative biliary drainage has not been indicated in overall, but only in a few selected cases.Conclusion: The perioperative management is an essential measure in improving the outcome after the appropriate surgical operation in jaundiced patients especially those with malignancy.展开更多
踝关节骨折是创伤骨科常见骨折之一。通过引入加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念,对围手术期处理措施进行全面优化,可以进一步提高患者诊疗效果。为规范ERAS临床路径在踝关节骨折中的应用,基于前期研究经验,以循...踝关节骨折是创伤骨科常见骨折之一。通过引入加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念,对围手术期处理措施进行全面优化,可以进一步提高患者诊疗效果。为规范ERAS临床路径在踝关节骨折中的应用,基于前期研究经验,以循证医学证据为依据,经过全国专家组反复讨论,编制该专家共识,供全国创伤骨科医师在临床工作中参考。该共识适用于所有进行择期手术治疗的成人新鲜踝关节骨折患者。共识共包含25条推荐意见,就踝关节骨折患者急诊处理、术前准备、术中处理以及术后恢复进行了全面介绍。展开更多
文摘加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是采用有循证医学证据证明有效的围术期处理措施,降低手术创伤的应激反应、减少并发症、提高手术安全性和患者满意度,从而达到加速康复的目的。ERAS在髋、膝关节置换术(total hip/knee arthroplasty,THA/TKA)中的重点在于提高手术操作技术和优化围术期管理,包括减少创伤和出血、优化疼痛与睡眠管理、预防感染、预防静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE),以及优化引流管、尿管和止血带的应用等。通过查阅文献,基于国家卫生计生委公益性行业科研专项《关节置换术安全性与效果评价》项目组数据库大样本数据分析,遵循循证医学原则,经过全国专家组反复讨论,编辑整理完成本共识,供广大骨科医师在临床工作中参考应用。本共识主要内容包括:患者教育、营养支持、麻醉管理、微创操作理念、围术期血液管理、预防感染、预防VTE、优化镇痛方案、睡眠管理、优化止血带应用、伤口管理、优化尿管应用、预防术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting,PONV)、功能锻炼、出院后管理和随访管理。
文摘加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是基于循证医学证据的一系列围术期优化措施,以减少围术期的生理与心理创伤应激,减少并发症,达到加速康复的目的。但是目前针对脊柱手术尚无一整套ERAS体系协助患者从术前、术中到术后快速康复。通过查阅文献,遵循循证医学原则,经过全国专家组反复讨论,针对脊柱外科手术患者围术期管理达成共识,供广大脊柱外科医师在临床工作中参考应用。本共识主要内容包括:术前宣教、术前评估及管理、抗菌药物使用与皮肤准备、麻醉、手术技术、激素应用、围术期血液管理与输液管理、血栓预防、疼痛管理、术后消化道管理、切口引流管管理、尿管管理、术后康复锻炼和出院后管理。
文摘Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common problem in daily clinical practice. Understanding completely the pathophysiological changes in obstructive jaundice remains a challenge for planning current and future management.Data sources: A Pub Med was searched for relevant articles published up to August 2016. The effect of obstructive jaundice on proinflammatory cytokines, coagulation status, hemodynamics and organ functions were evaluated.Results: The effects of obstructive jaundice included biliary tree, the hepatic cell and liver function as well as systemic complications. The lack of bile in the gut, the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier,the increased absorption of endotoxin and the subsequent endotoxemia cause proinflammatory cytokine production(TNF-α, IL-6). Bilirubin induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The principal clinical manifestations include hemodynamic instability and acute renal failure, cardiovascular suppression, immune compromise, coagulation disorders,nutritional impairment, and wound healing defect. The proper management includes full replacement of water and electrolyte deficiency, prophylactic antibiotics, lactulose, vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma,albumin and dopamine. The preoperative biliary drainage has not been indicated in overall, but only in a few selected cases.Conclusion: The perioperative management is an essential measure in improving the outcome after the appropriate surgical operation in jaundiced patients especially those with malignancy.
文摘踝关节骨折是创伤骨科常见骨折之一。通过引入加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念,对围手术期处理措施进行全面优化,可以进一步提高患者诊疗效果。为规范ERAS临床路径在踝关节骨折中的应用,基于前期研究经验,以循证医学证据为依据,经过全国专家组反复讨论,编制该专家共识,供全国创伤骨科医师在临床工作中参考。该共识适用于所有进行择期手术治疗的成人新鲜踝关节骨折患者。共识共包含25条推荐意见,就踝关节骨折患者急诊处理、术前准备、术中处理以及术后恢复进行了全面介绍。
