对冷态煤粉气流在富氧微油点火燃烧器内的点火过程进行数值模拟,气相湍流流动、气相场的燃烧和辐射模型分别采用k-ε双方程模型、概率密度函数(Probability Density Function)与局部瞬时反应平衡模型、P1辐射模型。根据数值计算得到的...对冷态煤粉气流在富氧微油点火燃烧器内的点火过程进行数值模拟,气相湍流流动、气相场的燃烧和辐射模型分别采用k-ε双方程模型、概率密度函数(Probability Density Function)与局部瞬时反应平衡模型、P1辐射模型。根据数值计算得到的结果找出不同煤粉浓度对着火温度与着火距离的影响,反映出煤粉在富氧微油点火燃烧器内的着火方式的变化。展开更多
In order to solve the problem that the vulcanizing agent utilization rate is low and the dilution effect of copper slag is poor,the vortex stirring dilution method was used to improve the conditions of the dilution ki...In order to solve the problem that the vulcanizing agent utilization rate is low and the dilution effect of copper slag is poor,the vortex stirring dilution method was used to improve the conditions of the dilution kinetics and copper recovery.The water model was used to simulate the effect of copper slag dilution.Under the premise of keeping the Reynolds number consistent,silicone oil and glass beads were used instead of copper slag and vulcanizing agent.Based on the relationship between voltage and concentration,the PC6D dual-channel particle concentration measuring instrument was used to study the stirring speed and the insertion depth of the stirring paddle in model experiments,and the suitable conditions were speed 250 rpm and insertion depth 70 mm.The fire dilution of copper slag was done under the conditions.After stirring and sedimentation,the Fe_(3)O_(4) in slag decreased from 22.58% to 4.65%,and the copper content of the slag decreased from 2.94% to 0.34%.The copper recovery was 88.44%.展开更多
利用TFC光学膜系设计软件,设计出空间用GaInP/(In)GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池的分布式布拉格反射器(DBR)。由15对Al0.2Ga0.8As/Al0.9Ga0.1As组成的布拉格反射器在中心波长850 nm处反射率高达96%,可以使800~900 nm波段内红外光有效反射后被二...利用TFC光学膜系设计软件,设计出空间用GaInP/(In)GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池的分布式布拉格反射器(DBR)。由15对Al0.2Ga0.8As/Al0.9Ga0.1As组成的布拉格反射器在中心波长850 nm处反射率高达96%,可以使800~900 nm波段内红外光有效反射后被二次吸收,提高了Ga As子电池的抗辐照能力。通过对两种电池结构A、B地面模拟辐照试验获得1 Me V电子辐照下Ga In P/Ga As/Ge太阳电池电学参数随辐照注量退化的基本规律。在此基础上应用PC1D模拟程序分析太阳电池内部的载流子输运机理,建立1 Me V电子辐照下两种电池结构中多数载流子浓度和少数载流子扩散长度随辐照电子注量变化的基本规律。研究结果表明,多数载流子浓度和少数载流子扩散长度均随入射电子注量的增大而减小,同时原电池结构A中多数载流子去除率和少数载流子扩散长度损伤系数明显高于新电池结构B,由此表明包含布拉格反射器的新电池结构具有更强的抗辐照能力。展开更多
Using ray-tracing simulation based on Monte Carlo method, the effects of phosphor concentration and thickness on light output and phosphor consumption of pcwLEDs were investigated in this work. The simulation was impr...Using ray-tracing simulation based on Monte Carlo method, the effects of phosphor concentration and thickness on light output and phosphor consumption of pcwLEDs were investigated in this work. The simulation was improved to comprehensively imitate the whole optical process of pc-wLEDs, including total produce of chip and phosphor light, losses in the propagation, and output.Experiments were conducted to verify the simulation.Results show that, light output changes non-monotonously over phosphor concentration and thickness, having maximum value. Experimental maximum light efficiency of158 lmáW-1was obtained at concentration of 16 wt%, 6 %higher than that of 11 wt% and 17 % higher than that of 33wt%. Phosphor consumption of pc-wLEDs increases linearly with the increase of phosphor concentration and the decrease of thickness. Experimental phosphor consumption of pc-wLEDs with concentration of 11 wt% is only 37 %of that of 33 wt%.展开更多
文摘对冷态煤粉气流在富氧微油点火燃烧器内的点火过程进行数值模拟,气相湍流流动、气相场的燃烧和辐射模型分别采用k-ε双方程模型、概率密度函数(Probability Density Function)与局部瞬时反应平衡模型、P1辐射模型。根据数值计算得到的结果找出不同煤粉浓度对着火温度与着火距离的影响,反映出煤粉在富氧微油点火燃烧器内的着火方式的变化。
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52004284)the Fundamental Research Funds from the Central University of the Ministry of Education of China(2020QN55)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661979)。
文摘In order to solve the problem that the vulcanizing agent utilization rate is low and the dilution effect of copper slag is poor,the vortex stirring dilution method was used to improve the conditions of the dilution kinetics and copper recovery.The water model was used to simulate the effect of copper slag dilution.Under the premise of keeping the Reynolds number consistent,silicone oil and glass beads were used instead of copper slag and vulcanizing agent.Based on the relationship between voltage and concentration,the PC6D dual-channel particle concentration measuring instrument was used to study the stirring speed and the insertion depth of the stirring paddle in model experiments,and the suitable conditions were speed 250 rpm and insertion depth 70 mm.The fire dilution of copper slag was done under the conditions.After stirring and sedimentation,the Fe_(3)O_(4) in slag decreased from 22.58% to 4.65%,and the copper content of the slag decreased from 2.94% to 0.34%.The copper recovery was 88.44%.
文摘利用TFC光学膜系设计软件,设计出空间用GaInP/(In)GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池的分布式布拉格反射器(DBR)。由15对Al0.2Ga0.8As/Al0.9Ga0.1As组成的布拉格反射器在中心波长850 nm处反射率高达96%,可以使800~900 nm波段内红外光有效反射后被二次吸收,提高了Ga As子电池的抗辐照能力。通过对两种电池结构A、B地面模拟辐照试验获得1 Me V电子辐照下Ga In P/Ga As/Ge太阳电池电学参数随辐照注量退化的基本规律。在此基础上应用PC1D模拟程序分析太阳电池内部的载流子输运机理,建立1 Me V电子辐照下两种电池结构中多数载流子浓度和少数载流子扩散长度随辐照电子注量变化的基本规律。研究结果表明,多数载流子浓度和少数载流子扩散长度均随入射电子注量的增大而减小,同时原电池结构A中多数载流子去除率和少数载流子扩散长度损伤系数明显高于新电池结构B,由此表明包含布拉格反射器的新电池结构具有更强的抗辐照能力。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51272027)the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Education Ministry of China (No. 20100006110011)
文摘Using ray-tracing simulation based on Monte Carlo method, the effects of phosphor concentration and thickness on light output and phosphor consumption of pcwLEDs were investigated in this work. The simulation was improved to comprehensively imitate the whole optical process of pc-wLEDs, including total produce of chip and phosphor light, losses in the propagation, and output.Experiments were conducted to verify the simulation.Results show that, light output changes non-monotonously over phosphor concentration and thickness, having maximum value. Experimental maximum light efficiency of158 lmáW-1was obtained at concentration of 16 wt%, 6 %higher than that of 11 wt% and 17 % higher than that of 33wt%. Phosphor consumption of pc-wLEDs increases linearly with the increase of phosphor concentration and the decrease of thickness. Experimental phosphor consumption of pc-wLEDs with concentration of 11 wt% is only 37 %of that of 33 wt%.
