Neural stem cells have great potential for the development of novel therapies for nervous system diseases.However,the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells following brain ischemia is insufficient for central ...Neural stem cells have great potential for the development of novel therapies for nervous system diseases.However,the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells following brain ischemia is insufficient for central nervous system self-repair.Ginkgolide B has a robust neuroprotective effect.In this study,we investigated the cell and molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of ginkgolide B on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo.Neural stem cells were treated with 20,40 and 60 mg/L ginkgolide B in vitro.Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess cellular expression of neuron-specific enolase,glial fibrillary acid protein and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2.After treatment with 40 and 60 mg/L ginkgolide B,cells were large,with long processes.Moreover,the proportions of neuron-specific enolase-,glial fibrillary acid protein-and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2-positive cells increased.A rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion.Six hours after ischemia,ginkgolide B（20 mg/kg） was intraperitoneally injected,once a day.Zea Longa＇s method was used to assess neurological function.Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the proportion of nestin-,neuron-specific enolase-and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cells.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure m RNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor.Western blot assay was used to analyze the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2.Ginkgolide B decreased the neurological deficit score,increased the proportion of nestin-,neuron-specific enolase-and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cells,increased the m RNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor,and increased the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 in the ischemic penumbra.Together展开更多
Purpose: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem. Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has ...Purpose: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem. Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been developed to evaluate neuronl damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of NSE serum levels to detect mild brain injury of patients with sustained maxillofacial fractures during motor vehicle accidents. Methods: Blood samples were drawn from 40 healthy people (control group) and 48 trauma patients who has sustained isolated maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury in motor vehicle accidents. Brain injuries were graded by Glasgow Coma Scale. In the trauma group, correlations between the NSE serum value and different facial fracture sites were also assessed. Results: The NSE serum level (mean ± SD, ng/ml) in the 48 patients with maxillofacial fractures and mild TBI was 13.12 ± 9.68, significantly higher than that measured in the healthy control group (7.72 ± 1.82, p < 0.001). The mean NSE serum level (ng/ml) in the lower part of the facial skeleton (15.44 with SD 15.34) was higher than that in the upper facial part (12.42 with SD 7.68);and the mean NSE level (ng/ml) in the middle-and lower part (11.97 with SD 5.63) was higher than in the middle part (7.88 with SD 2.64). Conclusion: An increase in NSE serum levels can be observed in patients sustained maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury.展开更多
Objective：To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture preconditioning on the serum level of S100 calcium-binding protein beta（S100β）and neuron-specific enolase（NSE）in patients undergoing craniocerebral tumor...Objective：To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture preconditioning on the serum level of S100 calcium-binding protein beta（S100β）and neuron-specific enolase（NSE）in patients undergoing craniocerebral tumor operation.Methods：A total of 32 patients,who would go through craniocerebral tumor resection under general anesthesia,were randomly assigned to two groups,16 in each group.Patients in the electroacupuncture（EA）group received electroacupuncture on Fengfu acupoint（Du16）and Fengchi acupoint （GB20）for 30 min,2 h before operation.The stimulus is 1-4 mA with a density wave frequency of 2/15 Hz. Patients in the control group received no pretreatment.Anesthesia was maintained with remifentanil at the dose of 4-8 mg/kg per hour,pumped intravenous drip of vecuronium at 1.0-2.0μg/kg each hour,and discontinuous intravenous dripped with vecuronium bromide at 0.5-1 mg.The serum levels of S100βand NSE were measured with ELISA before operation,before skin incision,after tumor removal,at the end of operation,and at 24 h after operation.Results：The serum level of S100βand NSE did not change before skin incision.The serum level of NSE increased significantly and the level of S100βincreased insignificantly after the tumor resection. The serum levels of S100βand NSE in the EA group and the control group were 1.16±0.28μg/L vs 1.47±0.33μg/L,24.7±13.3μg/L vs 31.4±14.1μg/L at the end of the operation,respectively.Twenty-four h after operation,the correspondence indices were 1.18±0.31μg/L vs 1.55±0.26μg/L,and 25.5±12.4μg/L vs 32.4±11.7μg/L.The two indices at these two time points were significantly increased than those before operation, respectively（P〈0.05）.At the end of the operation and 24 h post-operation,the serum levels of S100βand NSE in the EA group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Electroacupuncture Fengchi and Fengfu for 30 min before craniocerbral tumor operation could decrease the serum level of S100βand NSE,thus m展开更多
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell prol...Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.展开更多
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as com...Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as compared with the controls. The altered CSF NSE levels correlated well with the infarct size in CT scan. The CSF NSE levels were higher in 6-multiinfarct dementia (MID) patients who were diagnosed after 6-month follow-up than those in 22 non-MID patients of this series. Our research supports the view that CSF NSE can be a useful biochemical marker for brain ischemia. The importance of CSF NSE in the study of dementia related to ischemic stroke is worth further studies.展开更多
Background Current diagnostic criteria for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy in the early hours lack objective measurement tools.Therefore,this systematic review aims to identify putative molecules that can be used in ...Background Current diagnostic criteria for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy in the early hours lack objective measurement tools.Therefore,this systematic review aims to identify putative molecules that can be used in diagnosis in daily clinical practice(PROSPERO ID:CRD42021272610).Data sources Searches were performed in PubMed,Web of Science,and Science Direct databases until November 2020.English original papers analyzing samples from newborns>36 weeks that met at least two American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists diagnostic criteria and/or imaging evidence of cerebral damage were included.Bias was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.The search and data extraction were verified by two authors separately.Results From 373 papers,30 met the inclusion criteria.Data from samples collected in the first 72 hours were extracted,and increased serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B were associated with a worse prognosis in newborns that suffered an episode of perinatal asphyxia.In addition,the levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein,ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase isozyme-L1,glutamic pyruvic transaminase-2,lactate,and glucose were elevated in newborns diagnosed with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy.Moreover,pathway analysis revealed insulin-like growth factor signaling and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism to be involved in the early molecular response to insult.Conclusions Neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B are potential biomarkers,since they are correlated with an unfavorable outcome of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy newborns.However,more studies are required to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this approach to be validated for clinical practice.展开更多
Background The choice of a defibrillation or a cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR）-first strategy in the treatment of prolonged cardiac arrest （CA） is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare ...Background The choice of a defibrillation or a cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR）-first strategy in the treatment of prolonged cardiac arrest （CA） is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of defibrillation or CPR administered first on neurological prognostic markers in a porcine model of prolonged CA. Methods After 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation （VF）, 24 inbred Chinese Wuzhishan minipigs were randomized to receive either defibrillation first （ID group, n=12） or chest compression first （IC group, n=12）. In the ID group, a shock was delivered immediately. If defibrillation failed to attain restoration of spontaneous circulation （ROSC）, manual chest compressions were rapidly initiated at a rate of 100 compressions/min and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30：2. If VF persisted after five cycles of CPR, a second defibrillation attempt was made. In the IC group, chest compressions were delivered first, followed by a shock. After successful ROSC, hemodynamic status and blood samples were obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after ROSC. Porcine-specific neuron-specific enolase （NSE） and S100B were measured from sera using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Porcine cerebral performance category scores were used to evaluate preliminary neurological function following 24 hours recovery. Surviving pigs were sacrificed at 24 hours after ROSC and brains were removed for electron microscopy analysis. Results The number of shocks, total defibrillation energy, and time to ROSC were significantly lower in the ID group compared with the IC group. Compared with the IC group, S100B expression was decreased at 2 and 4 hours after ROSC, and NSE expression decreased at 6 and 24 hours after ROSC in the ID group. Brain tissue analysis showed that injury was attenuated in the ID group compared with the IC group. There were no significant differences between 6 and 24 hours survival rates. Conclusion Defibrillation first may result in a shorter tim展开更多
Objective：To evaluate the significance of combined detection of LunX mRNA,carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）,neuron-specific enolase （NSE）,and cytokeratin 21-1 fragment （CYFRA21-1） in clinical diagnosis of lung car...Objective：To evaluate the significance of combined detection of LunX mRNA,carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）,neuron-specific enolase （NSE）,and cytokeratin 21-1 fragment （CYFRA21-1） in clinical diagnosis of lung carcinoma.Methods：Based on the quantitative RT-PCR and chemiluminescence immunoassay,the expression levels of LunX mRNA,CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in 113 patients with lung carcinoma （case group） and 30 healthy participants （control group） were detected.Meantime,the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the combination detection were also explored.Results：The positive rates of LunX mRNA in peripheral blood and CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in serum were significandy higher in case group than those in control group （x2=17.295,16.825,19.148,and 17.450; P＜0.05）.There was no statistical significance when positive rate of LunX mRNA was evaluated among different pathological types （x2=0.047,P＞0.05）.The positive rate of LunX mRNA in stage Ⅰ ＋ Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ had a significandy increasing tendency （x2=10.565,32.462,P＜0.05）.The positive rate of CYFRA21-1 was highest in squamous carcinoma （78.5％）,the positive rate of NSE was highest in small cell carcinoma （86.7％）,and the positive rate of CEA wag highest in lung adenocarcinoma （80.4％）.The sensitivity and accuracy of the combination detection were 91.1％ and 88.1％,respectively.Conclusions：The combined detection of LunX mRNA and tumor markers （TMs） including CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in peripheral blood is helpful to increase the diagnostic accuracy of lmg cancer.Also,it can inform the pathological typing of lung carcinoma.展开更多
The electrophysiological properties of potassium ion channels are regarded as a basic index for determining the functional differentiation of neural stem cells. In this study, neural stem cells from the hippocampus of...The electrophysiological properties of potassium ion channels are regarded as a basic index for determining the functional differentiation of neural stem cells. In this study, neural stem cells from the hippocampus of newborn rats were induced to differentiate with neurotrophic growth factor, and the electrophysiological properties of the voltage-gated potassium ion channels were observed. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the rapidly proliferating neural stem cells formed spheres in vitro that expressed high levels of nestin. The differentiated neurons were shown to express neuron-specific enolase. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the neural stem cells were actively dividing and the percentage of cells in the S ＋ G2/M phase was high. However, the ratio of cells in the S ＋ G2/M phase decreased obviously as differentiation proceeded. Whole-cell patch-clamp re- cordings revealed apparent changes in potassium ion currents as the neurons differentiated. The potassium ion currents consisted of one transient outward potassium ion current and one delayed rectifier potassium ion current, which were blocked by 4-aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium, respectively. The experimental findings indicate that neural stem cells from newborn rat hippo- campus could be cultured and induced to differentiate into functional neurons under defined condi- tions in vitro. The differentiated neurons expressed two types of outward potassium ion cur＇ents similar to those of mature neurons in vivo.展开更多
A rat model of Parkinson＇s disease was established by 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the medial forebrain bundle. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） were isolated from the femur and tibia, and wer...A rat model of Parkinson＇s disease was established by 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the medial forebrain bundle. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） were isolated from the femur and tibia, and were co-cultured with 10% and 60% lesioned or intact striatal extracts. The results showed that when exposed to lesioned striatal extracts, BMSCs developed bipolar or multi-polar morphologies, and there was an increase in the percentage of cells that expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, nestin and neuron-specific enolase （NSE）. Moreover, the percentage of NSE-positive cells increased with increasing concentrations of lesioned striatal extracts. However, intact striatal extracts only increased the percentage of GFAP-positive cells. The findings suggest that striatal extracts from Parkinson＇s disease rats induce BMSCs to differentiate into neuronal-like cells in vitro.展开更多
BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until no...BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until now.Studies have found that elevated neuron-specific enolase(NSE)concentration in the serum of silicosis patients is helpful for diagnosis and severity assessment of the disease.However,the number of cases in these studies was not enough to arouse attention.AIM To investigate the clinical significance of serum NSE in the diagnosis and staging of silicosis.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2019,326 cases of silicosis confirmed in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were included in the silicosis group.A total of 328 healthy individuals or medical patients without silicosis were included in the control group.Serum NSE concentrations of all subjects were determined by electrochemical luminescence.RESULTS There were no significant differences in sex,age,smoking index and complications between the silicosis and control groups.The mean serum NSE concentration was 26.57±20.95 ng/mL in the silicosis group and 12.42±2.68 ng/mL in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant(U=15187,P=0.000).Among the 326 patients with silicosis,103 had stage I silicosis,and the mean serum NSE concentration was 15.55±6.23 ng/mL.The mean serum NSE concentration was 21.85±12.05 ng/mL in 70 patients with stage II silicosis.The mean serum NSE concentration was 36.14±25.72 ng/mL in 153 patients with stage III silicosis.Kruskal-Wallis H test suggested that the difference in serum NSE concentration in silicosis patients in the three groups was significant(H=130.196,P=0.000).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve was 0.858(95%confidence interval:0.828-0.888;P=0.000).When the NSE concentration was 15.82 ng/mL,the Jorden index was the largest,the sensitivity was 72%,and the specificity was 90%.CONCLUSION Serum NSE concentration ma展开更多
The neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells offers a new strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders.Thus,there is a need to identify a noninvasive and sensitive in vivo imaging approach for real-t...The neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells offers a new strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders.Thus,there is a need to identify a noninvasive and sensitive in vivo imaging approach for real-time monitoring of transplanted stem cells.Our previous study confirmed that magnetic resonance imaging,with a focus on the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene,could track the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that had been transduced with lentivirus carrying the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene.However,we could not determine whether or when bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had undergone neuronal differentiation based on changes in the magnetic resonance imaging signal.To solve this problem,we identified a neuron-specific enolase that can be differentially expressed before and after neuronal differentiation in stem cells.In this study,we successfully constructed a lentivirus carrying the neuron-specific enolase promoter and expressing the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene;we used this lentivirus to transduce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Cellular and animal studies showed that the neuron-specific enolase promoter effectively drove the expression of ferritin heavy chain 1 after neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;this led to intracellular accumulation of iron and corresponding changes in the magnetic resonance imaging signal.In summary,we established an innovative magnetic resonance imaging approach focused on the induction of reporter gene expression by a neuron-specific promoter.This imaging method can be used to noninvasively and sensitively detect neuronal differentiation in stem cells,which may be useful in stem cell-based therapies.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects...BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher i展开更多
BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatme...BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatment of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of VEGF-modified NSC transplantation and NSC transplantation on radiation-induced brain injury, and to determine neuron-specific enolase （NSE） expression in the brain. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled study was performed at the Linbaixin Experimental Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from November 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS： VEGF-modified C17.2 NSCs were supplied by Harvard Medical School, USA. Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex kit （Boster, China） and 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester （Fluka, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 84 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a blank control group （n = 20）, model group （n = 20）, NSC group （n = 20）, and a VEGF-modified NSC group （n = 24）. Rat models of radiation-induced brain injury were established in the model, NSC, and VEGF-modified NSC groups. At 1 week following model induction, 10 pL （5 ×10^4 cells/μL） VEGF-modified NSCs or NSCs were respectively infused into the striatum and cerebral cortex of rats from the VEGF-modified NSC and NSC groups. A total of 10μL saline was injected into rats from the blank control and model groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： NSE expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry following VEGF-modified NSC transplantation. RESULTS： NSE expression was significantly decreased in the brains of radiation-induced brain injury rats （P 〈 0.05）. The number of NSE-positive neurons significantly increased in the NSC and VEGF-modified NSC groups, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. NSE expression significantly increased in the VEGF-modified NSC group, compared with the NSC group, at 6 weeks following trans展开更多
A preliminary study from our research group showed that picroside II inhibited neuronal apop- tosis in ischemic penumbra, reduced ischemic volume, and improved neurobehavioral function in rats with cerebral ischemia. ...A preliminary study from our research group showed that picroside II inhibited neuronal apop- tosis in ischemic penumbra, reduced ischemic volume, and improved neurobehavioral function in rats with cerebral ischemia. The aim of the present study was to validate the neuroprotective effects of picroside II and optimize its therapeutic time window and dose in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. We found that picroside Ⅱ inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced the expression of neuron-specific enolase, a marker of neuronal damage, in rats after cerebral ischemic injury. The optimal treatment time after ischemic injury and dose were determined, respectively, as follows： （1） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to the results of toluidine blue staining; （2） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to early apoptotic ratio by flow cytometry; （3） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to immunohistochemical and western blot analysis; and （4） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The present findings suggest that an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg picroside II 1.5-2.0 hours after cerebral ischemic injury in rats is the optimal dose and time for therapeutic benefit.展开更多
Objective: To establish a prediction model of activities of daily living (ADL) as an auxiliary evaluation scheme of hospitalized Parkinson’s disease patients. Methods: The hospitalization data of Parkinson’s disease...Objective: To establish a prediction model of activities of daily living (ADL) as an auxiliary evaluation scheme of hospitalized Parkinson’s disease patients. Methods: The hospitalization data of Parkinson’s disease in patients in the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were collected. Firstly the NSE values and each BI item were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Secondly, The NSE, Age, Body weight and Education level related to the total score of Barthel index were obtained by correlation analysis. At last, a multiple linear regression model was established with NSE, Age, Body weight and Education level as independent variables and BI as dependent variables. Results: A total of 95 patients with PD were enrolled in this study, including 53 males (55.8%) and 42 females (44.2%). The effects of the four independent variables incorporated in the model on the total score of Barthel index were statistically significant, as well as the regression model (F = 9.531, P Conclusion: The prediction model established in this research can effectively predict the activities of daily living of Parkinson’s patients and can be used as an auxiliary evaluation scheme of the hospitalized PD patients.展开更多
Background:Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)of bone marrow cells has been confirmed to be a direct and valid method to assess the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived hom...Background:Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)of bone marrow cells has been confirmed to be a direct and valid method to assess the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog(MYCN)amplification in patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma.MYCN amplification alone,however,is insufficient for pretreatment risk stratification.Chromosome band 11q23 deletion has recently been included in the risk stratification of neuroblastoma.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the biological characteristics and prog-nostic impact of 11q23 deletion and MYCN amplification in patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma.Methods:We analyzed the MYCN and 11q23 statuses of 101 patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma using interphase FISH of bone marrow cells.We specifically compared the biological characteristics and prognostic impact of both aberrations.Results:MYCN amplification and 11q23 deletion were seen in 12(11.9%)and 40(39.6%)patients.The two mark-ers were mutually exclusive.MYCN amplification occurred mainly in patients with high lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and high neuron-specific enolase(NSE)levels(both P<0.001),and MYCN-amplified patients had more events(tumor relapse,progression,or death)than MYCN-normal patients(P=0.004).11q23 deletion was associated only with age(P=0.001).Patients with MYCN amplification had poorer outcomes than those with normal MYCN(3-year event-free survival[EFS]rate:8.3±8.0%vs.43.8±8.5%,P<0.001;3-year overall survival[OS]rate:10.4±9.7%vs.63.5%±5.7%,P<0.001).11q23 deletion reflected a poor prognosis only for patients with normal MYCN(3-year EFS rate:34.3±9.5%vs.53.4±10.3%,P=0.037;3-year OS rate:42.9±10.4%vs.75.9±6.1%,P=0.048).Those with both MYCN amplification and 11q23 deletion had the worst outcome(P<0.001).Conclusions:Chromosome band 11q23 deletion predicts poor prognosis only in bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma patients without MYCN amplification.Combined assessment of the two markers was much superior to single展开更多
Objective:To study the intervention effect of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction on the neuron damage in model rats with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH).Methods: 160 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, and the ASDH mo...Objective:To study the intervention effect of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction on the neuron damage in model rats with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH).Methods: 160 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, and the ASDH model rats were made by stereotactic autoblood injection, and sham operation group received craniotomy without blood injection. Sham operation group and model group were normally bred after model establishment, and 6 h after model establishment, the treatment group received intragastric administration of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction, and control group received intragastric administration of Piracetam Tablets, 1 time a day. On the 1d, 3d, 5d and 7d after model establishment, the general conditions of rats (activity, food intake and mental state) were observed, blood was collected via auricula dextra, ELISA method was used to determine peripheral plasma NSE and S100β protein contents, routine HE staining was conducted after perfusion fixation, the neurons in blood injection side of brain tissue were counted, and the neuron damage was observed.Results: 26 rats were dead in the experiment. The general conditions of sham operation group were significantly better than those of other groups, treatment group was significantly better than model group and control group on the 5d group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference on the 1d, 3d and 7d (P>0.05);neuron count of sham operation group was basically stable, treatment group was not different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), treatment group was better than model group (P<0.05), and not different from control group (P>0.05) on the 3d, and treatment group was better than model group and control group on the 5d and 7d (P<0.05);peripheral plasma S100β protein and NSE contents of sham operation group were at lower levels, treatment group was not significantly different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), S100β protein and NSE contents decreased significantly on the 3d, and treatment group was significantly different 展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81073082 to JSZ
文摘Neural stem cells have great potential for the development of novel therapies for nervous system diseases.However,the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells following brain ischemia is insufficient for central nervous system self-repair.Ginkgolide B has a robust neuroprotective effect.In this study,we investigated the cell and molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of ginkgolide B on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo.Neural stem cells were treated with 20,40 and 60 mg/L ginkgolide B in vitro.Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess cellular expression of neuron-specific enolase,glial fibrillary acid protein and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2.After treatment with 40 and 60 mg/L ginkgolide B,cells were large,with long processes.Moreover,the proportions of neuron-specific enolase-,glial fibrillary acid protein-and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2-positive cells increased.A rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion.Six hours after ischemia,ginkgolide B（20 mg/kg） was intraperitoneally injected,once a day.Zea Longa＇s method was used to assess neurological function.Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the proportion of nestin-,neuron-specific enolase-and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cells.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure m RNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor.Western blot assay was used to analyze the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2.Ginkgolide B decreased the neurological deficit score,increased the proportion of nestin-,neuron-specific enolase-and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cells,increased the m RNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor,and increased the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 in the ischemic penumbra.Together
文摘Purpose: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem. Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been developed to evaluate neuronl damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of NSE serum levels to detect mild brain injury of patients with sustained maxillofacial fractures during motor vehicle accidents. Methods: Blood samples were drawn from 40 healthy people (control group) and 48 trauma patients who has sustained isolated maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury in motor vehicle accidents. Brain injuries were graded by Glasgow Coma Scale. In the trauma group, correlations between the NSE serum value and different facial fracture sites were also assessed. Results: The NSE serum level (mean ± SD, ng/ml) in the 48 patients with maxillofacial fractures and mild TBI was 13.12 ± 9.68, significantly higher than that measured in the healthy control group (7.72 ± 1.82, p < 0.001). The mean NSE serum level (ng/ml) in the lower part of the facial skeleton (15.44 with SD 15.34) was higher than that in the upper facial part (12.42 with SD 7.68);and the mean NSE level (ng/ml) in the middle-and lower part (11.97 with SD 5.63) was higher than in the middle part (7.88 with SD 2.64). Conclusion: An increase in NSE serum levels can be observed in patients sustained maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30600840,30725039,30772074)Innovative Foundation of Xijing Hospital(No.XJCX05M23)
文摘Objective：To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture preconditioning on the serum level of S100 calcium-binding protein beta（S100β）and neuron-specific enolase（NSE）in patients undergoing craniocerebral tumor operation.Methods：A total of 32 patients,who would go through craniocerebral tumor resection under general anesthesia,were randomly assigned to two groups,16 in each group.Patients in the electroacupuncture（EA）group received electroacupuncture on Fengfu acupoint（Du16）and Fengchi acupoint （GB20）for 30 min,2 h before operation.The stimulus is 1-4 mA with a density wave frequency of 2/15 Hz. Patients in the control group received no pretreatment.Anesthesia was maintained with remifentanil at the dose of 4-8 mg/kg per hour,pumped intravenous drip of vecuronium at 1.0-2.0μg/kg each hour,and discontinuous intravenous dripped with vecuronium bromide at 0.5-1 mg.The serum levels of S100βand NSE were measured with ELISA before operation,before skin incision,after tumor removal,at the end of operation,and at 24 h after operation.Results：The serum level of S100βand NSE did not change before skin incision.The serum level of NSE increased significantly and the level of S100βincreased insignificantly after the tumor resection. The serum levels of S100βand NSE in the EA group and the control group were 1.16±0.28μg/L vs 1.47±0.33μg/L,24.7±13.3μg/L vs 31.4±14.1μg/L at the end of the operation,respectively.Twenty-four h after operation,the correspondence indices were 1.18±0.31μg/L vs 1.55±0.26μg/L,and 25.5±12.4μg/L vs 32.4±11.7μg/L.The two indices at these two time points were significantly increased than those before operation, respectively（P〈0.05）.At the end of the operation and 24 h post-operation,the serum levels of S100βand NSE in the EA group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Electroacupuncture Fengchi and Fengfu for 30 min before craniocerbral tumor operation could decrease the serum level of S100βand NSE,thus m
文摘Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.
文摘Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as compared with the controls. The altered CSF NSE levels correlated well with the infarct size in CT scan. The CSF NSE levels were higher in 6-multiinfarct dementia (MID) patients who were diagnosed after 6-month follow-up than those in 22 non-MID patients of this series. Our research supports the view that CSF NSE can be a useful biochemical marker for brain ischemia. The importance of CSF NSE in the study of dementia related to ischemic stroke is worth further studies.
基金funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)financed by the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF),through the COMPETE 2020—Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and Portuguese national funds via FCT-Fundcao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia,under projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029311,POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045311,UIDB/04539/2020 and UIDP/04539/2020individual Ph.D.fellowships PD/BD/135178/2017(Margarida Coelho),SFRH/BD/143442/2019(Ines Caramelo),and 2020.07749.BD(Miguel Rosado).
文摘Background Current diagnostic criteria for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy in the early hours lack objective measurement tools.Therefore,this systematic review aims to identify putative molecules that can be used in diagnosis in daily clinical practice(PROSPERO ID:CRD42021272610).Data sources Searches were performed in PubMed,Web of Science,and Science Direct databases until November 2020.English original papers analyzing samples from newborns>36 weeks that met at least two American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists diagnostic criteria and/or imaging evidence of cerebral damage were included.Bias was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.The search and data extraction were verified by two authors separately.Results From 373 papers,30 met the inclusion criteria.Data from samples collected in the first 72 hours were extracted,and increased serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B were associated with a worse prognosis in newborns that suffered an episode of perinatal asphyxia.In addition,the levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein,ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase isozyme-L1,glutamic pyruvic transaminase-2,lactate,and glucose were elevated in newborns diagnosed with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy.Moreover,pathway analysis revealed insulin-like growth factor signaling and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism to be involved in the early molecular response to insult.Conclusions Neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B are potential biomarkers,since they are correlated with an unfavorable outcome of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy newborns.However,more studies are required to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this approach to be validated for clinical practice.
基金This research was supported by a grant from the Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7132092）.
文摘Background The choice of a defibrillation or a cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR）-first strategy in the treatment of prolonged cardiac arrest （CA） is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of defibrillation or CPR administered first on neurological prognostic markers in a porcine model of prolonged CA. Methods After 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation （VF）, 24 inbred Chinese Wuzhishan minipigs were randomized to receive either defibrillation first （ID group, n=12） or chest compression first （IC group, n=12）. In the ID group, a shock was delivered immediately. If defibrillation failed to attain restoration of spontaneous circulation （ROSC）, manual chest compressions were rapidly initiated at a rate of 100 compressions/min and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30：2. If VF persisted after five cycles of CPR, a second defibrillation attempt was made. In the IC group, chest compressions were delivered first, followed by a shock. After successful ROSC, hemodynamic status and blood samples were obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after ROSC. Porcine-specific neuron-specific enolase （NSE） and S100B were measured from sera using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Porcine cerebral performance category scores were used to evaluate preliminary neurological function following 24 hours recovery. Surviving pigs were sacrificed at 24 hours after ROSC and brains were removed for electron microscopy analysis. Results The number of shocks, total defibrillation energy, and time to ROSC were significantly lower in the ID group compared with the IC group. Compared with the IC group, S100B expression was decreased at 2 and 4 hours after ROSC, and NSE expression decreased at 6 and 24 hours after ROSC in the ID group. Brain tissue analysis showed that injury was attenuated in the ID group compared with the IC group. There were no significant differences between 6 and 24 hours survival rates. Conclusion Defibrillation first may result in a shorter tim
基金supported by the Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund (A2009217)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+2 种基金the grant from Youth Training Plan of Sun Yat-Sen University(No.10ykpy38)the Research Award Fund for Outstanding Young Researchers in Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center (Nos.3030451720 06 and 3030 45172005)the Science&Technology Pillar Program of Guangdong Province(No.2011B031800220,2012B031800371)
文摘Objective：To evaluate the significance of combined detection of LunX mRNA,carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）,neuron-specific enolase （NSE）,and cytokeratin 21-1 fragment （CYFRA21-1） in clinical diagnosis of lung carcinoma.Methods：Based on the quantitative RT-PCR and chemiluminescence immunoassay,the expression levels of LunX mRNA,CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in 113 patients with lung carcinoma （case group） and 30 healthy participants （control group） were detected.Meantime,the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the combination detection were also explored.Results：The positive rates of LunX mRNA in peripheral blood and CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in serum were significandy higher in case group than those in control group （x2=17.295,16.825,19.148,and 17.450; P＜0.05）.There was no statistical significance when positive rate of LunX mRNA was evaluated among different pathological types （x2=0.047,P＞0.05）.The positive rate of LunX mRNA in stage Ⅰ ＋ Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ had a significandy increasing tendency （x2=10.565,32.462,P＜0.05）.The positive rate of CYFRA21-1 was highest in squamous carcinoma （78.5％）,the positive rate of NSE was highest in small cell carcinoma （86.7％）,and the positive rate of CEA wag highest in lung adenocarcinoma （80.4％）.The sensitivity and accuracy of the combination detection were 91.1％ and 88.1％,respectively.Conclusions：The combined detection of LunX mRNA and tumor markers （TMs） including CEA,NSE,and CYFRA21-1 in peripheral blood is helpful to increase the diagnostic accuracy of lmg cancer.Also,it can inform the pathological typing of lung carcinoma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31000514the Scientific Research Project for Talent with High Education of Xinxiang Medical University,No.2007502002
文摘The electrophysiological properties of potassium ion channels are regarded as a basic index for determining the functional differentiation of neural stem cells. In this study, neural stem cells from the hippocampus of newborn rats were induced to differentiate with neurotrophic growth factor, and the electrophysiological properties of the voltage-gated potassium ion channels were observed. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the rapidly proliferating neural stem cells formed spheres in vitro that expressed high levels of nestin. The differentiated neurons were shown to express neuron-specific enolase. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the neural stem cells were actively dividing and the percentage of cells in the S ＋ G2/M phase was high. However, the ratio of cells in the S ＋ G2/M phase decreased obviously as differentiation proceeded. Whole-cell patch-clamp re- cordings revealed apparent changes in potassium ion currents as the neurons differentiated. The potassium ion currents consisted of one transient outward potassium ion current and one delayed rectifier potassium ion current, which were blocked by 4-aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium, respectively. The experimental findings indicate that neural stem cells from newborn rat hippo- campus could be cultured and induced to differentiate into functional neurons under defined condi- tions in vitro. The differentiated neurons expressed two types of outward potassium ion cur＇ents similar to those of mature neurons in vivo.
文摘A rat model of Parkinson＇s disease was established by 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the medial forebrain bundle. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） were isolated from the femur and tibia, and were co-cultured with 10% and 60% lesioned or intact striatal extracts. The results showed that when exposed to lesioned striatal extracts, BMSCs developed bipolar or multi-polar morphologies, and there was an increase in the percentage of cells that expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, nestin and neuron-specific enolase （NSE）. Moreover, the percentage of NSE-positive cells increased with increasing concentrations of lesioned striatal extracts. However, intact striatal extracts only increased the percentage of GFAP-positive cells. The findings suggest that striatal extracts from Parkinson＇s disease rats induce BMSCs to differentiate into neuronal-like cells in vitro.
基金Supported by Quanzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.2018N053S.
文摘BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until now.Studies have found that elevated neuron-specific enolase(NSE)concentration in the serum of silicosis patients is helpful for diagnosis and severity assessment of the disease.However,the number of cases in these studies was not enough to arouse attention.AIM To investigate the clinical significance of serum NSE in the diagnosis and staging of silicosis.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2019,326 cases of silicosis confirmed in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were included in the silicosis group.A total of 328 healthy individuals or medical patients without silicosis were included in the control group.Serum NSE concentrations of all subjects were determined by electrochemical luminescence.RESULTS There were no significant differences in sex,age,smoking index and complications between the silicosis and control groups.The mean serum NSE concentration was 26.57±20.95 ng/mL in the silicosis group and 12.42±2.68 ng/mL in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant(U=15187,P=0.000).Among the 326 patients with silicosis,103 had stage I silicosis,and the mean serum NSE concentration was 15.55±6.23 ng/mL.The mean serum NSE concentration was 21.85±12.05 ng/mL in 70 patients with stage II silicosis.The mean serum NSE concentration was 36.14±25.72 ng/mL in 153 patients with stage III silicosis.Kruskal-Wallis H test suggested that the difference in serum NSE concentration in silicosis patients in the three groups was significant(H=130.196,P=0.000).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve was 0.858(95%confidence interval:0.828-0.888;P=0.000).When the NSE concentration was 15.82 ng/mL,the Jorden index was the largest,the sensitivity was 72%,and the specificity was 90%.CONCLUSION Serum NSE concentration ma
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81771892(to JHC).
文摘The neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells offers a new strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders.Thus,there is a need to identify a noninvasive and sensitive in vivo imaging approach for real-time monitoring of transplanted stem cells.Our previous study confirmed that magnetic resonance imaging,with a focus on the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene,could track the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that had been transduced with lentivirus carrying the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene.However,we could not determine whether or when bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had undergone neuronal differentiation based on changes in the magnetic resonance imaging signal.To solve this problem,we identified a neuron-specific enolase that can be differentially expressed before and after neuronal differentiation in stem cells.In this study,we successfully constructed a lentivirus carrying the neuron-specific enolase promoter and expressing the ferritin heavy chain 1 reporter gene;we used this lentivirus to transduce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Cellular and animal studies showed that the neuron-specific enolase promoter effectively drove the expression of ferritin heavy chain 1 after neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;this led to intracellular accumulation of iron and corresponding changes in the magnetic resonance imaging signal.In summary,we established an innovative magnetic resonance imaging approach focused on the induction of reporter gene expression by a neuron-specific promoter.This imaging method can be used to noninvasively and sensitively detect neuronal differentiation in stem cells,which may be useful in stem cell-based therapies.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Bureau, No.200405204
文摘BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher i
基金Supported by:the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30870750the Doctor Priming Program of Natural Foundation of Guangdong Province,No. 8451008901000672+1 种基金the Medical Scientific Research Foundation Program of Guangdong Province,No. B2008044the Youth Teacher Foundation Program of Sun Yat-sen University, No,3177915
文摘BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatment of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of VEGF-modified NSC transplantation and NSC transplantation on radiation-induced brain injury, and to determine neuron-specific enolase （NSE） expression in the brain. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled study was performed at the Linbaixin Experimental Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from November 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS： VEGF-modified C17.2 NSCs were supplied by Harvard Medical School, USA. Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex kit （Boster, China） and 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester （Fluka, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 84 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a blank control group （n = 20）, model group （n = 20）, NSC group （n = 20）, and a VEGF-modified NSC group （n = 24）. Rat models of radiation-induced brain injury were established in the model, NSC, and VEGF-modified NSC groups. At 1 week following model induction, 10 pL （5 ×10^4 cells/μL） VEGF-modified NSCs or NSCs were respectively infused into the striatum and cerebral cortex of rats from the VEGF-modified NSC and NSC groups. A total of 10μL saline was injected into rats from the blank control and model groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： NSE expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry following VEGF-modified NSC transplantation. RESULTS： NSE expression was significantly decreased in the brains of radiation-induced brain injury rats （P 〈 0.05）. The number of NSE-positive neurons significantly increased in the NSC and VEGF-modified NSC groups, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. NSE expression significantly increased in the VEGF-modified NSC group, compared with the NSC group, at 6 weeks following trans
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81041092,81274116
文摘A preliminary study from our research group showed that picroside II inhibited neuronal apop- tosis in ischemic penumbra, reduced ischemic volume, and improved neurobehavioral function in rats with cerebral ischemia. The aim of the present study was to validate the neuroprotective effects of picroside II and optimize its therapeutic time window and dose in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. We found that picroside Ⅱ inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced the expression of neuron-specific enolase, a marker of neuronal damage, in rats after cerebral ischemic injury. The optimal treatment time after ischemic injury and dose were determined, respectively, as follows： （1） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to the results of toluidine blue staining; （2） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to early apoptotic ratio by flow cytometry; （3） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to immunohistochemical and western blot analysis; and （4） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The present findings suggest that an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg picroside II 1.5-2.0 hours after cerebral ischemic injury in rats is the optimal dose and time for therapeutic benefit.
文摘Objective: To establish a prediction model of activities of daily living (ADL) as an auxiliary evaluation scheme of hospitalized Parkinson’s disease patients. Methods: The hospitalization data of Parkinson’s disease in patients in the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were collected. Firstly the NSE values and each BI item were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Secondly, The NSE, Age, Body weight and Education level related to the total score of Barthel index were obtained by correlation analysis. At last, a multiple linear regression model was established with NSE, Age, Body weight and Education level as independent variables and BI as dependent variables. Results: A total of 95 patients with PD were enrolled in this study, including 53 males (55.8%) and 42 females (44.2%). The effects of the four independent variables incorporated in the model on the total score of Barthel index were statistically significant, as well as the regression model (F = 9.531, P Conclusion: The prediction model established in this research can effectively predict the activities of daily living of Parkinson’s patients and can be used as an auxiliary evaluation scheme of the hospitalized PD patients.
基金This work was supported by Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2018-2-2095).
文摘Background:Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)of bone marrow cells has been confirmed to be a direct and valid method to assess the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog(MYCN)amplification in patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma.MYCN amplification alone,however,is insufficient for pretreatment risk stratification.Chromosome band 11q23 deletion has recently been included in the risk stratification of neuroblastoma.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the biological characteristics and prog-nostic impact of 11q23 deletion and MYCN amplification in patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma.Methods:We analyzed the MYCN and 11q23 statuses of 101 patients with bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma using interphase FISH of bone marrow cells.We specifically compared the biological characteristics and prognostic impact of both aberrations.Results:MYCN amplification and 11q23 deletion were seen in 12(11.9%)and 40(39.6%)patients.The two mark-ers were mutually exclusive.MYCN amplification occurred mainly in patients with high lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and high neuron-specific enolase(NSE)levels(both P<0.001),and MYCN-amplified patients had more events(tumor relapse,progression,or death)than MYCN-normal patients(P=0.004).11q23 deletion was associated only with age(P=0.001).Patients with MYCN amplification had poorer outcomes than those with normal MYCN(3-year event-free survival[EFS]rate:8.3±8.0%vs.43.8±8.5%,P<0.001;3-year overall survival[OS]rate:10.4±9.7%vs.63.5%±5.7%,P<0.001).11q23 deletion reflected a poor prognosis only for patients with normal MYCN(3-year EFS rate:34.3±9.5%vs.53.4±10.3%,P=0.037;3-year OS rate:42.9±10.4%vs.75.9±6.1%,P=0.048).Those with both MYCN amplification and 11q23 deletion had the worst outcome(P<0.001).Conclusions:Chromosome band 11q23 deletion predicts poor prognosis only in bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma patients without MYCN amplification.Combined assessment of the two markers was much superior to single
文摘Objective:To study the intervention effect of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction on the neuron damage in model rats with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH).Methods: 160 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, and the ASDH model rats were made by stereotactic autoblood injection, and sham operation group received craniotomy without blood injection. Sham operation group and model group were normally bred after model establishment, and 6 h after model establishment, the treatment group received intragastric administration of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction, and control group received intragastric administration of Piracetam Tablets, 1 time a day. On the 1d, 3d, 5d and 7d after model establishment, the general conditions of rats (activity, food intake and mental state) were observed, blood was collected via auricula dextra, ELISA method was used to determine peripheral plasma NSE and S100β protein contents, routine HE staining was conducted after perfusion fixation, the neurons in blood injection side of brain tissue were counted, and the neuron damage was observed.Results: 26 rats were dead in the experiment. The general conditions of sham operation group were significantly better than those of other groups, treatment group was significantly better than model group and control group on the 5d group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference on the 1d, 3d and 7d (P>0.05);neuron count of sham operation group was basically stable, treatment group was not different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), treatment group was better than model group (P<0.05), and not different from control group (P>0.05) on the 3d, and treatment group was better than model group and control group on the 5d and 7d (P<0.05);peripheral plasma S100β protein and NSE contents of sham operation group were at lower levels, treatment group was not significantly different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), S100β protein and NSE contents decreased significantly on the 3d, and treatment group was significantly different
