Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in C...Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in China were inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore possible associations between psychological risk factors and AMI among the Chinese population with a large-scale case-control study.Methods This study was part of the INTER-HEART China study, itself part of the large international INTER-HEART study of cardiovascular risk factors. In this case-control study, 2909 cases and 2947 controls were recruited from 17 cities.Psychological stress, negative life events, depression and controllability of life circumstances were assessed.Results Cases reported more psychological stress at home or work and odds ratios （ORs） were 3.2 （95% CI 2.1-4.9）for permanent stress and 2.1 （95% CI 1.5-2.8） for several periods of stress respectively. More cases experienced depression compared with controls （19.6% vs. 9.3%） and ORs were 2.2 （95% CI 1.9-2.6）. Subjects with 1, 2 and 3 or more depressive symptoms had increased risk of AMI by 2.1, 2.2 and 2.6 fold, respectively, i.e., more depressive symptoms were associated with higher risks of AMI （P for trend ＜0.0001）. Women had a greater risk of AMI from depression （OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.2-4.0） compared to men （OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.4）, P for interaction =0.0364. Negative life events in subjects were associated with increased risk of AMI, OR 1.7 （95% CI 1.4-2.0） for one event and 1.8 （95% CI 1.3-2.4） for two or more events. High levels of controllability of life circumstances reduced the risk for AMI （OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7-1 .0）.Conclusions Several psychological factors were closely associated with increased AMI risk among Chinese population.Psychological stress had a greater AMI risk in men but depression was more significant among women.展开更多
在青春期中,青少年要面对来自社会、学校、家庭、同伴和身体发育等多个方面的问题。许多研究表明,负性生活事件对青少年的健康有不同程度影响。在青少年生活事件与健康研究中,青少年生活事件量表(Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Ch...在青春期中,青少年要面对来自社会、学校、家庭、同伴和身体发育等多个方面的问题。许多研究表明,负性生活事件对青少年的健康有不同程度影响。在青少年生活事件与健康研究中,青少年生活事件量表(Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist,ASLEC)能够对生活事件发生频度和对生活影响程度进行量化。本文对青少年生活事件量表具体内容、信度和效度研究进展、量表的使用情况进行综述,希望能为下一步量表的修改与完善提供参考。展开更多
Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in Chin...Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in China. Methods A detailed psychological autopsy survey instrument was independently administered to 895 suicide victims in family members and close associates from 23 geographically representative locations from around the country. Results Pesticide ingestion accounted for 58% （519） of all suicides and 61% （3181519） of deaths were due to unsuccessful medical resuscitation. A substantial proportion （37%） of suicide victims did not have a mental illness. Among the 563 victims with mental illness, only 13% （76/563） received psychiatric treatment. Compared to other demographic groups, young rural females who died from suicide had the highest rate of pesticide ingestion （79%）, the lowest prevalence of mental illness （39%）, and the highest acute stress from precipitating life events just prior to the suicide. Contusion Many suicides in China are impulsive acts of deliberate self-harm following acute interpersonal crises. Prevention of suicides in China must focus on improving awareness of psychological problems, improving mental health services, providing alternative social support networks for managing acute interpersonal conflicts, limiting access to pesticides, and improving the resuscitation skills of primary care providers.展开更多
对125例经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者与165例对照进行职业类型、负性生活事件、A型性格等社会心理因素及冠心病相关的血脂、血液流变学指标的观察和分析,结果提示:职业类型是与脂代谢及血液流变学指标明显相关的变量之一,负性生活事件所...对125例经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者与165例对照进行职业类型、负性生活事件、A型性格等社会心理因素及冠心病相关的血脂、血液流变学指标的观察和分析,结果提示:职业类型是与脂代谢及血液流变学指标明显相关的变量之一,负性生活事件所致应激反应表现出的神经内分泌和血液流变学改变与致死性心血管病发作有关,而 A 型性格者相应血液理化指标的特点与动脉粥样硬化的形成及冠心病的促发机制有关。展开更多
文摘Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in China were inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore possible associations between psychological risk factors and AMI among the Chinese population with a large-scale case-control study.Methods This study was part of the INTER-HEART China study, itself part of the large international INTER-HEART study of cardiovascular risk factors. In this case-control study, 2909 cases and 2947 controls were recruited from 17 cities.Psychological stress, negative life events, depression and controllability of life circumstances were assessed.Results Cases reported more psychological stress at home or work and odds ratios （ORs） were 3.2 （95% CI 2.1-4.9）for permanent stress and 2.1 （95% CI 1.5-2.8） for several periods of stress respectively. More cases experienced depression compared with controls （19.6% vs. 9.3%） and ORs were 2.2 （95% CI 1.9-2.6）. Subjects with 1, 2 and 3 or more depressive symptoms had increased risk of AMI by 2.1, 2.2 and 2.6 fold, respectively, i.e., more depressive symptoms were associated with higher risks of AMI （P for trend ＜0.0001）. Women had a greater risk of AMI from depression （OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.2-4.0） compared to men （OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.4）, P for interaction =0.0364. Negative life events in subjects were associated with increased risk of AMI, OR 1.7 （95% CI 1.4-2.0） for one event and 1.8 （95% CI 1.3-2.4） for two or more events. High levels of controllability of life circumstances reduced the risk for AMI （OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7-1 .0）.Conclusions Several psychological factors were closely associated with increased AMI risk among Chinese population.Psychological stress had a greater AMI risk in men but depression was more significant among women.
文摘在青春期中,青少年要面对来自社会、学校、家庭、同伴和身体发育等多个方面的问题。许多研究表明,负性生活事件对青少年的健康有不同程度影响。在青少年生活事件与健康研究中,青少年生活事件量表(Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist,ASLEC)能够对生活事件发生频度和对生活影响程度进行量化。本文对青少年生活事件量表具体内容、信度和效度研究进展、量表的使用情况进行综述,希望能为下一步量表的修改与完善提供参考。
基金This project was supported by grants from the Ford Foundation, the Save the Children Fund, and Befrienders International.
文摘Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in China. Methods A detailed psychological autopsy survey instrument was independently administered to 895 suicide victims in family members and close associates from 23 geographically representative locations from around the country. Results Pesticide ingestion accounted for 58% （519） of all suicides and 61% （3181519） of deaths were due to unsuccessful medical resuscitation. A substantial proportion （37%） of suicide victims did not have a mental illness. Among the 563 victims with mental illness, only 13% （76/563） received psychiatric treatment. Compared to other demographic groups, young rural females who died from suicide had the highest rate of pesticide ingestion （79%）, the lowest prevalence of mental illness （39%）, and the highest acute stress from precipitating life events just prior to the suicide. Contusion Many suicides in China are impulsive acts of deliberate self-harm following acute interpersonal crises. Prevention of suicides in China must focus on improving awareness of psychological problems, improving mental health services, providing alternative social support networks for managing acute interpersonal conflicts, limiting access to pesticides, and improving the resuscitation skills of primary care providers.
文摘对125例经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者与165例对照进行职业类型、负性生活事件、A型性格等社会心理因素及冠心病相关的血脂、血液流变学指标的观察和分析,结果提示:职业类型是与脂代谢及血液流变学指标明显相关的变量之一,负性生活事件所致应激反应表现出的神经内分泌和血液流变学改变与致死性心血管病发作有关,而 A 型性格者相应血液理化指标的特点与动脉粥样硬化的形成及冠心病的促发机制有关。
