Direct analysis of copper-base alloys using laser ablation techniques is an increasingly common procedure in cultural heritage studies. However, main discussions remain focused on the possibility of using non-matrix m...Direct analysis of copper-base alloys using laser ablation techniques is an increasingly common procedure in cultural heritage studies. However, main discussions remain focused on the possibility of using non-matrix matched external reference materials. To evaluate the occurrence of matrix effects during in situ microanalysis of copper-base materials, using near infrared femtosecond laser ablation techniques (NIR fs-LA-ICP-MS), two bronzes, i.e., (Sn-Zn)-ternary and (Sn)-binary copper-matrix reference materials, as well as a reference synthetic glass (NIST-SRM-610) have been analyzed. The results have been compared to data obtained on a sulfide-matrix reference material. Similar values in relative sensitivity averages of 63Cu, 118Sn and 66Zn, as well as in 118Sn/63Cu and 66Zn/63Cu ratios were obtained, for all analyzed matrix types, i.e., copper-base-, silicate-, and sulfide-reference materials. Consequently, it is possible to determinate major and minor element concentrations in copper alloys, i.e., Cu, Sn and Zn, using silicate and sulfide reference materials as external calibrators, without any matrix effect and over a wide range of concentrations (from wt.% to ppm). Equally, Cu, Sn and Zn concentrations can be precisely determined in sulfides using homogeneous alloys (reference) materials as an external calibrator. Thus, it is possible to determine Cu, Sn and Zn in copper-base materials and their ore minerals, mostly sulfides, in a single analytical session, without requiring specific external calibrators for each matrix type. In contrast, immiscible elements in copper matrix, such as Pb and Fe show notable differences in their relative sensitivity values and ratios for different matrix-materials analyzed, implying that matrix-matched external calibrations remain to be applied for their trace quantification.展开更多
近红外光谱的相对测量对实现人体血糖浓度的在体高精度检测具有重要意义。离体检测中常用的相似背景扣除以及双光路设计等方法不适合人体的复杂背景变化,而基于位置的参考测量方法被认为是有希望实现在体参考测量的方法之一。因此课题...近红外光谱的相对测量对实现人体血糖浓度的在体高精度检测具有重要意义。离体检测中常用的相似背景扣除以及双光路设计等方法不适合人体的复杂背景变化,而基于位置的参考测量方法被认为是有希望实现在体参考测量的方法之一。因此课题组提出差动式浮动基准参考测量方法来实现在体的相对测量。差动式浮动基准参考测量方法是一种具有普适性的参考测量方法,在实际应用中面临着径向检测距离的确定和差动检测信号中有效信号提取的问题。在差动式浮动基准参考测量方法的基础上,提出了基于NAS(net analyte signal)-VIP(variable importance in projection)-SPXY(sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distances)-PLS(partial least square)的差动浮动基准测量方法,在离体实验中验证了该方法的可行性。结果表明经过该方法处理后,模型的均方根误差明显降低,相关系数也有了一定的提高。对该方法在人体实验中的有效性进行了研究,结果也表明该方法处理后所建模型的精密度和准确性有了明显改善。展开更多
【背景】地磁场(geomagnetic field,GMF)并不是稳定不变的,其随时间和空间时刻变化。目前,随着对动物磁生物学研究的日益深入,基于实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术开展的磁响应基因转录表达谱研究有力促进了磁响应通路的鉴定和磁感受机制...【背景】地磁场(geomagnetic field,GMF)并不是稳定不变的,其随时间和空间时刻变化。目前,随着对动物磁生物学研究的日益深入,基于实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术开展的磁响应基因转录表达谱研究有力促进了磁响应通路的鉴定和磁感受机制的揭示。【目的】筛选近零磁场(near-zero magnetic field,NZMF)下短翅型灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus)稳定表达的内参基因,使对目的基因的定量分析更加准确。【方法】迁飞性昆虫灰飞虱采自江苏省农业科学院试验田并在室内使用TN1三叶期稻苗进行扩繁(温度:(25.0±1.0)℃,相对湿度:70%-90%,光周期:14L﹕10D)。采用亥姆霍兹线圈室内模拟近零磁场(NZMF;<500 nT)和地磁场(GMF;~50000 nT),人工模拟磁场强度有效处理空间为直径30 cm的球形空间,试验过程中严格控制除磁场强度外的环境因子(温度:(25.0±1.0)℃,相对湿度:75%,光周期:14L﹕10D)并利用磁通门计每日对人工模拟磁场进行校准和监测,灰飞虱连同TN1三叶期稻苗均置于试管中进行暴露处理,每隔两日与对照磁场中稻苗对调以避免稻苗潜在磁响应对灰飞虱的影响。利用Trizol法分别提取初羽化灰飞虱雌、雄成虫总RNA,检测各生物学重复RNA质量并调至含量一致,反转录为cDNA,利用qRT-PCR技术并结合常用内参筛选分析软件geNorm、NormFinder、BestKeeper以及在线综合分析系统RefFinder对在NZMF和GMF两种磁场强度下灰飞虱体内的内参基因稳定性进行评估筛选,其中,待评估的11个常用内参基因包括Actin1、Tubulin(α1TUB和α2TUB)、Elongation factor 1alpha(EF-1α)、Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)、Ubiquitin(UBI)、Ribosomal protein S11(RPS11)、Ribosomal protein S15e(RPS15)、Ribosomal protein L8(RPL8)、Ribosomal protein L9(RPL9)和ADP ribosylation factor2(ARF2)。【结果】不同磁场环境(NZMF vs.GMF)下,灰飞虱短翅雌成虫EF-1α和RPL9表达稳定性在geNorm和NormFinder两种评估方�展开更多
文摘Direct analysis of copper-base alloys using laser ablation techniques is an increasingly common procedure in cultural heritage studies. However, main discussions remain focused on the possibility of using non-matrix matched external reference materials. To evaluate the occurrence of matrix effects during in situ microanalysis of copper-base materials, using near infrared femtosecond laser ablation techniques (NIR fs-LA-ICP-MS), two bronzes, i.e., (Sn-Zn)-ternary and (Sn)-binary copper-matrix reference materials, as well as a reference synthetic glass (NIST-SRM-610) have been analyzed. The results have been compared to data obtained on a sulfide-matrix reference material. Similar values in relative sensitivity averages of 63Cu, 118Sn and 66Zn, as well as in 118Sn/63Cu and 66Zn/63Cu ratios were obtained, for all analyzed matrix types, i.e., copper-base-, silicate-, and sulfide-reference materials. Consequently, it is possible to determinate major and minor element concentrations in copper alloys, i.e., Cu, Sn and Zn, using silicate and sulfide reference materials as external calibrators, without any matrix effect and over a wide range of concentrations (from wt.% to ppm). Equally, Cu, Sn and Zn concentrations can be precisely determined in sulfides using homogeneous alloys (reference) materials as an external calibrator. Thus, it is possible to determine Cu, Sn and Zn in copper-base materials and their ore minerals, mostly sulfides, in a single analytical session, without requiring specific external calibrators for each matrix type. In contrast, immiscible elements in copper matrix, such as Pb and Fe show notable differences in their relative sensitivity values and ratios for different matrix-materials analyzed, implying that matrix-matched external calibrations remain to be applied for their trace quantification.
文摘近红外光谱的相对测量对实现人体血糖浓度的在体高精度检测具有重要意义。离体检测中常用的相似背景扣除以及双光路设计等方法不适合人体的复杂背景变化,而基于位置的参考测量方法被认为是有希望实现在体参考测量的方法之一。因此课题组提出差动式浮动基准参考测量方法来实现在体的相对测量。差动式浮动基准参考测量方法是一种具有普适性的参考测量方法,在实际应用中面临着径向检测距离的确定和差动检测信号中有效信号提取的问题。在差动式浮动基准参考测量方法的基础上,提出了基于NAS(net analyte signal)-VIP(variable importance in projection)-SPXY(sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distances)-PLS(partial least square)的差动浮动基准测量方法,在离体实验中验证了该方法的可行性。结果表明经过该方法处理后,模型的均方根误差明显降低,相关系数也有了一定的提高。对该方法在人体实验中的有效性进行了研究,结果也表明该方法处理后所建模型的精密度和准确性有了明显改善。
文摘【背景】地磁场(geomagnetic field,GMF)并不是稳定不变的,其随时间和空间时刻变化。目前,随着对动物磁生物学研究的日益深入,基于实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术开展的磁响应基因转录表达谱研究有力促进了磁响应通路的鉴定和磁感受机制的揭示。【目的】筛选近零磁场(near-zero magnetic field,NZMF)下短翅型灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus)稳定表达的内参基因,使对目的基因的定量分析更加准确。【方法】迁飞性昆虫灰飞虱采自江苏省农业科学院试验田并在室内使用TN1三叶期稻苗进行扩繁(温度:(25.0±1.0)℃,相对湿度:70%-90%,光周期:14L﹕10D)。采用亥姆霍兹线圈室内模拟近零磁场(NZMF;<500 nT)和地磁场(GMF;~50000 nT),人工模拟磁场强度有效处理空间为直径30 cm的球形空间,试验过程中严格控制除磁场强度外的环境因子(温度:(25.0±1.0)℃,相对湿度:75%,光周期:14L﹕10D)并利用磁通门计每日对人工模拟磁场进行校准和监测,灰飞虱连同TN1三叶期稻苗均置于试管中进行暴露处理,每隔两日与对照磁场中稻苗对调以避免稻苗潜在磁响应对灰飞虱的影响。利用Trizol法分别提取初羽化灰飞虱雌、雄成虫总RNA,检测各生物学重复RNA质量并调至含量一致,反转录为cDNA,利用qRT-PCR技术并结合常用内参筛选分析软件geNorm、NormFinder、BestKeeper以及在线综合分析系统RefFinder对在NZMF和GMF两种磁场强度下灰飞虱体内的内参基因稳定性进行评估筛选,其中,待评估的11个常用内参基因包括Actin1、Tubulin(α1TUB和α2TUB)、Elongation factor 1alpha(EF-1α)、Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)、Ubiquitin(UBI)、Ribosomal protein S11(RPS11)、Ribosomal protein S15e(RPS15)、Ribosomal protein L8(RPL8)、Ribosomal protein L9(RPL9)和ADP ribosylation factor2(ARF2)。【结果】不同磁场环境(NZMF vs.GMF)下,灰飞虱短翅雌成虫EF-1α和RPL9表达稳定性在geNorm和NormFinder两种评估方�
