The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has been a destructive pest in China for over the past two decades. It is an extremely polyphagous insect, being recorded feeding on hundreds of host plants around the world. ...The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has been a destructive pest in China for over the past two decades. It is an extremely polyphagous insect, being recorded feeding on hundreds of host plants around the world. Potential host plants and natural enemies of B. tabaci in the south, southeast, middle, north and northwest of China were investigated during the last decade. In total 361 plant species from 89 families were recorded in our surveys. Plants in the families Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae and Leguminosae were the preferred host species for B. tabaci, which therefore suffered much damage from this devastating pest due to their high populations. In total, 56 species of parasitoids, 54 species of arthropod predators and seven species of entomopathogenic fungi were recorded in our surveys. Aphelinid parasitoids from Encarsia and Eretrnocerus genera, lady beetles and lacewings in Coleoptera and Neuroptera were found to be the dominant arthropod predators of B. tabaci in China. The varieties of host plant, their distribution and the dominant species of natural enemies of B. tabaci in different regions of China are discussed.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continue to pose a significant global public health challenge. Currently, the approved treatments for CHB are limited to interferon and nucleo...Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continue to pose a significant global public health challenge. Currently, the approved treatments for CHB are limited to interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogs, both of which have their limitations, and achieving a complete cure remains an elusive goal. Therefore, the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of novel antiviral strategies are of utmost importance. Natural products (NPs) constitute a class of substances known for their diverse chemical structures, wide-ranging biological activities, and low toxicity profiles. They have shown promise as potential candidates for combating various diseases, with a substantial number demonstrating anti-HBV properties. This comprehensive review focuses on the current applications of NPs in the fight against HBV and provides a summary of their antiviral mechanisms, considering their impact on the viral life cycle and host hepatocytes. By offering insights into the world of anti-HBV NPs, this review aims to furnish valuable information to support the future development of antiviral drugs.展开更多
Natural products have had a major impact upon quality of life,with antibiotics as a classic example of having a transformative impact upon human health.In this contribution,we will highlight both historic and emerging...Natural products have had a major impact upon quality of life,with antibiotics as a classic example of having a transformative impact upon human health.In this contribution,we will highlight both historic and emerging methods of natural product bio-manufacturing.Traditional methods of natural product production relied upon native cellular host systems.In this context,pragmatic and effective methodologies were established to enable widespread access to natural products.In reviewing such strategies,we will also highlight the development of heterologous natural product biosynthesis,which relies instead on a surrogate host system theoretically capable of advanced production potential.In comparing native and heterologous systems,we will comment on the base organisms used for natural product biosynthesis and how the properties of such cellular hosts dictate scaled engineering practices to facilitate compound distribution.In concluding the article,we will examine novel efforts in production practices that entirely eliminate the constraints of cellular production hosts.That is,cell free production efforts will be introduced and reviewed for the purpose of complex natural product biosynthesis.Included in this final analysis will be research efforts made on our part to test the cell free biosynthesis of the complex polyketide antibiotic natural product erythromycin.展开更多
基金The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the previous version of this manuscript. Thanks also to Tong-Xing Sun （Qingdao Agricultural University, China）, Jian Huang（Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China） and Zong-Qi Liang （Guizhou University, China） for iden- tifying the species of host plants, parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi, respectively. This research was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Project, 2009CB119203）, the China National Natural Science Foundation （30871678, 31071732） and National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation （nyhyzx200803005）.
文摘The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has been a destructive pest in China for over the past two decades. It is an extremely polyphagous insect, being recorded feeding on hundreds of host plants around the world. Potential host plants and natural enemies of B. tabaci in the south, southeast, middle, north and northwest of China were investigated during the last decade. In total 361 plant species from 89 families were recorded in our surveys. Plants in the families Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae and Leguminosae were the preferred host species for B. tabaci, which therefore suffered much damage from this devastating pest due to their high populations. In total, 56 species of parasitoids, 54 species of arthropod predators and seven species of entomopathogenic fungi were recorded in our surveys. Aphelinid parasitoids from Encarsia and Eretrnocerus genera, lady beetles and lacewings in Coleoptera and Neuroptera were found to be the dominant arthropod predators of B. tabaci in China. The varieties of host plant, their distribution and the dominant species of natural enemies of B. tabaci in different regions of China are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82260603)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province(No.20224BAB206005)Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZXXM20190001/ZXXM20200001/ZXXM20220001)。
文摘Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continue to pose a significant global public health challenge. Currently, the approved treatments for CHB are limited to interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogs, both of which have their limitations, and achieving a complete cure remains an elusive goal. Therefore, the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of novel antiviral strategies are of utmost importance. Natural products (NPs) constitute a class of substances known for their diverse chemical structures, wide-ranging biological activities, and low toxicity profiles. They have shown promise as potential candidates for combating various diseases, with a substantial number demonstrating anti-HBV properties. This comprehensive review focuses on the current applications of NPs in the fight against HBV and provides a summary of their antiviral mechanisms, considering their impact on the viral life cycle and host hepatocytes. By offering insights into the world of anti-HBV NPs, this review aims to furnish valuable information to support the future development of antiviral drugs.
基金The authors recognize support from the University at Buffalo Blue Sky Initiative for funding related to natural product heterologous biosynthesis and the NIH(AI126367).
文摘Natural products have had a major impact upon quality of life,with antibiotics as a classic example of having a transformative impact upon human health.In this contribution,we will highlight both historic and emerging methods of natural product bio-manufacturing.Traditional methods of natural product production relied upon native cellular host systems.In this context,pragmatic and effective methodologies were established to enable widespread access to natural products.In reviewing such strategies,we will also highlight the development of heterologous natural product biosynthesis,which relies instead on a surrogate host system theoretically capable of advanced production potential.In comparing native and heterologous systems,we will comment on the base organisms used for natural product biosynthesis and how the properties of such cellular hosts dictate scaled engineering practices to facilitate compound distribution.In concluding the article,we will examine novel efforts in production practices that entirely eliminate the constraints of cellular production hosts.That is,cell free production efforts will be introduced and reviewed for the purpose of complex natural product biosynthesis.Included in this final analysis will be research efforts made on our part to test the cell free biosynthesis of the complex polyketide antibiotic natural product erythromycin.
