英国通过1946年《国家卫生服务法案》(National Health Service Act 1946)将向全体公民提供近乎免费、平等的基本医疗服务变成一项国家义务,使得医疗服务从一项"私人产品"演变为法律上的"拟制公共产品"。2012年《...英国通过1946年《国家卫生服务法案》(National Health Service Act 1946)将向全体公民提供近乎免费、平等的基本医疗服务变成一项国家义务,使得医疗服务从一项"私人产品"演变为法律上的"拟制公共产品"。2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》为迄今为止最广泛的国家卫生服务体系重组提供了法律依据。经济可持续性的考量推动了2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》的改革进程。我国相关立法应借鉴2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》界定相关主体职能(职权和职责),强化政府出资、监管职责,而非原则性规定政府直接提供服务。简政放权,培育市场,加强监管应是政府履行主导责任的最佳方式。鉴于目前的老龄化压力,我国应借鉴英国经验,尽快建立社会护理制度。展开更多
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed block...The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed blocking and other such consequences. The problem is exacerbated by the growth in size, complexity and the number of chronic diseases in the NHS. In addition, there is an increase in demand for high quality care, processes and planning. Effective Discharge Planning (DP) requires practitioners to have appropriate, patient personalised and updated knowledge in order to be able to make informed and holistic decisions about a patients’ discharge. This paper examines the role of Knowledge Management (KM) in both sharing knowledge and using tacit knowledge to create appropriate patient discharge pathways. The paper details the factors resulting in inadequate DP, and demonstrates the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine2Machine (M2M) as candidate technologies and possible solutions which can help reduce the problem. The use of devices that a patient can take home and devices which are perused in the hospital generate information, which can serve useful when presented to the right person at the right time, thus harvesting knowledge. The knowledge when fed back can support practitioners in making holistic decisions with regards to a patients’ discharge.展开更多
文摘英国通过1946年《国家卫生服务法案》(National Health Service Act 1946)将向全体公民提供近乎免费、平等的基本医疗服务变成一项国家义务,使得医疗服务从一项"私人产品"演变为法律上的"拟制公共产品"。2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》为迄今为止最广泛的国家卫生服务体系重组提供了法律依据。经济可持续性的考量推动了2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》的改革进程。我国相关立法应借鉴2012年《卫生和社会护理法案》界定相关主体职能(职权和职责),强化政府出资、监管职责,而非原则性规定政府直接提供服务。简政放权,培育市场,加强监管应是政府履行主导责任的最佳方式。鉴于目前的老龄化压力,我国应借鉴英国经验,尽快建立社会护理制度。
文摘The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed blocking and other such consequences. The problem is exacerbated by the growth in size, complexity and the number of chronic diseases in the NHS. In addition, there is an increase in demand for high quality care, processes and planning. Effective Discharge Planning (DP) requires practitioners to have appropriate, patient personalised and updated knowledge in order to be able to make informed and holistic decisions about a patients’ discharge. This paper examines the role of Knowledge Management (KM) in both sharing knowledge and using tacit knowledge to create appropriate patient discharge pathways. The paper details the factors resulting in inadequate DP, and demonstrates the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine2Machine (M2M) as candidate technologies and possible solutions which can help reduce the problem. The use of devices that a patient can take home and devices which are perused in the hospital generate information, which can serve useful when presented to the right person at the right time, thus harvesting knowledge. The knowledge when fed back can support practitioners in making holistic decisions with regards to a patients’ discharge.
