Opioids’ preconditioning can elicit cardiac protective effects like ischemic preconditioning but no paradoxical ischemic stimulation.The clinically used narcotic analgesics like morphine,fentanyl and remifentanil can...Opioids’ preconditioning can elicit cardiac protective effects like ischemic preconditioning but no paradoxical ischemic stimulation.The clinically used narcotic analgesics like morphine,fentanyl and remifentanil can relieve injury through δor κ opioids receptors.The mechanisms include G-proteins,protein kinase C,reactive oxygen species,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and nuclear transcription factor-κB,and the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel is thought as the putative effect site. Although opioids seem to have promising properties in animal experiments,no direct extrapolation should made from theoretical experimental knowledge,and the effects of each preconditioning protocol need to be evaluated in the patients.展开更多
文摘Opioids’ preconditioning can elicit cardiac protective effects like ischemic preconditioning but no paradoxical ischemic stimulation.The clinically used narcotic analgesics like morphine,fentanyl and remifentanil can relieve injury through δor κ opioids receptors.The mechanisms include G-proteins,protein kinase C,reactive oxygen species,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and nuclear transcription factor-κB,and the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel is thought as the putative effect site. Although opioids seem to have promising properties in animal experiments,no direct extrapolation should made from theoretical experimental knowledge,and the effects of each preconditioning protocol need to be evaluated in the patients.
