By integrating topology optimization and lattice-based optimization,a novel multi-scale design method is proposed to create solid-lattice hybrid structures and thus to improve the mechanical performance as well as red...By integrating topology optimization and lattice-based optimization,a novel multi-scale design method is proposed to create solid-lattice hybrid structures and thus to improve the mechanical performance as well as reduce the structural weight.To achieve this purpose,a two-step procedure is developed to design and optimize the innovative structures.Initially,the classical topology optimization is utilized to find the optimal material layout and primary load carrying paths.Afterwards,the solid-lattice hybrid structures are reconstructed using the finite element mesh based modeling method.And lattice-based optimization is performed to obtain the optimal crosssection area of the lattice structures.Finally,two typical aerospace structures are optimized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework.The numerical results are quite encouraging since the solid-lattice hybrid structures obtained by the presented approach show remarkably improved performance when compared with traditional designs.展开更多
The spatial structure and multi-scale feature of the atmospheric pollution influence domain of Beijing and its peripheral areas (a rapidly developed city agglomeration) is dissected and analyzed in this paper on the b...The spatial structure and multi-scale feature of the atmospheric pollution influence domain of Beijing and its peripheral areas (a rapidly developed city agglomeration) is dissected and analyzed in this paper on the basis of the atmospheric pollution dynamic-chemical process observation data of the urban building ensemble boundary layer of the Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Experiment (BECAPEX) in winter (February) and summer (August) 2003, and relevant meteorological elements and satellite retrieval aerosol optical depth (AOD), etc. comprehensive data with the dynamic-statistical integrated analysis of 'point-surface' spatial structure. Results show that there existed significant difference in the contribution of winter/summer different pollution emission sources to the component character of atmospheric pollution, and the principal component analysis (PCA) results of statistical model also indicate that SO2 and NOx dominated in the component structure of winter aerosol particle; instead, CO and NOxdominated in summer. Surface layer atmospheric dynamic and thermal structures and various pollutant species at the upper boundary of building ensembles at urban different observational sites of Beijing in winter and summer showed an 'in-phase' variation and its spatial scale feature of 'influence domain'. The power spectrum analysis (PSA) shows that the period spectrum of winter/summer particle concentration accorded with those of atmospheric wind field: the longer period was dominative in winter, but the shorter period in summer, revealing the impact of the seasonal scale feature of winter/summer atmospheric general circulation on the period of atmospheric pollution variations. It is found that from analyzing urban area thermal heterogeneity that the multi-scale effect of Beijing region urban heat island (UHI) was associated with the heterogeneous expansion of tall buildings area. In urban atmospheric dynamical and thermal characteristic spatial structures, the turbulent scale feature of the urban boundary la展开更多
The Qilian Orogen Zone(QOZ), located in the north margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is the key area for understanding the deformation and dynamics process of Tibet. Numerous geological and geophysical studies have been c...The Qilian Orogen Zone(QOZ), located in the north margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is the key area for understanding the deformation and dynamics process of Tibet. Numerous geological and geophysical studies have been carried out on the mechanics of the Tibetan Plateau deformation and uplift; however, the detailed structure and deformation style of the Qilian Orogen Zone have remained uncertain due to poor geophysical data coverage and limited resolution power of inversion algorithms. In this study, we analyze the P-wave velocity structure beneath the Qilian Orogen Zone, obtained by applying multi-scale seismic tomography technique to P-wave arrival time data recorded by regional seismic networks. The seismic tomography algorithm used in this study employs sparsity constraints on the wavelet representation of the velocity model via L1-norm regularization. This algorithm can deal efficiently with uneven-sampled volumes, and can obtain multi-scale images of the velocity model. Our results can be summarized as follows:(1) The crustal velocity structure is strongly inhomogeneous and consistent with the surface geological setting. Significant low-velocity anomalies exist in the crust of northeastern Tibet, and slight high-velocity anomalies exist beneath the Qaidam Basin and Alxa terrane.(2)The Qilian Orogen Zone can be divided into two main parts by the Laji Shan Faults: the northwestern part with a low-velocity feature, and the southeastern part with a high-velocity feature at the upper and middle crust.(3) Our tomographic images suggest that northwestern and southeastern Qilian Orogen Zones have undergone different tectonic processes. In the northwest Qilian Orogen Zone, the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibetan Plateau has extended to the Heli Shan and Beida Shan region by northward overthrusting at the upper crust and thickening in the lower crust. We speculate that in the southeast Qilian Orogen Zone the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibet Plateau were of strike-slip style at the upper crust; in 展开更多
利用常规气象观测资料、加密自动站资料以及卫星云图、雷达回波等产品,对2016年7月18—20日山西一次大暴雨天气过程的多尺度天气系统及其相互作用特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)500 h Pa与地面图上东高西低的环流形势稳定维持,中尺度低涡...利用常规气象观测资料、加密自动站资料以及卫星云图、雷达回波等产品,对2016年7月18—20日山西一次大暴雨天气过程的多尺度天气系统及其相互作用特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)500 h Pa与地面图上东高西低的环流形势稳定维持,中尺度低涡切变线造成强烈的辐合上升运动,低空急流向山西源源不断地输送水汽,造成山西持续出现大暴雨天气。(2)卫星云图及雷达回波显示,此次过程由槽前斜压叶状云系发展成的涡旋云系造成,对应的雷达回波为积状云与层状云的混合性回波,层状云中不断有对流单体发展、合并、加强、消亡,整个过程可分为2个阶段:第1阶段以带状回波为主,其上多对流回波,出现了雷暴和短时强降水;第2阶段回波强度减小,对流性质减弱,但回波存在不断生消和停滞少动等特点,造成长时间稳定性降水。(3)天气尺度系统的稳定维持是中尺度系统稳定存在、持续发展加强的主要原因,主要表现在对中尺度低涡的阻挡作用和对低涡维持所需冷空气的持续供应;其中中-α尺度低涡则制约更小尺度系统即中-β尺度或中-γ尺度辐合系统的形成和维持,而这些小尺度系统是此次暴雨大暴雨天气的直接制造者。展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(No.2017YFB1102800)Key Project of NSFC(Nos.51790171 and 51761145111)NSFC for Excellent Young Scholars(No.11722219)。
文摘By integrating topology optimization and lattice-based optimization,a novel multi-scale design method is proposed to create solid-lattice hybrid structures and thus to improve the mechanical performance as well as reduce the structural weight.To achieve this purpose,a two-step procedure is developed to design and optimize the innovative structures.Initially,the classical topology optimization is utilized to find the optimal material layout and primary load carrying paths.Afterwards,the solid-lattice hybrid structures are reconstructed using the finite element mesh based modeling method.And lattice-based optimization is performed to obtain the optimal crosssection area of the lattice structures.Finally,two typical aerospace structures are optimized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework.The numerical results are quite encouraging since the solid-lattice hybrid structures obtained by the presented approach show remarkably improved performance when compared with traditional designs.
文摘The spatial structure and multi-scale feature of the atmospheric pollution influence domain of Beijing and its peripheral areas (a rapidly developed city agglomeration) is dissected and analyzed in this paper on the basis of the atmospheric pollution dynamic-chemical process observation data of the urban building ensemble boundary layer of the Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Experiment (BECAPEX) in winter (February) and summer (August) 2003, and relevant meteorological elements and satellite retrieval aerosol optical depth (AOD), etc. comprehensive data with the dynamic-statistical integrated analysis of 'point-surface' spatial structure. Results show that there existed significant difference in the contribution of winter/summer different pollution emission sources to the component character of atmospheric pollution, and the principal component analysis (PCA) results of statistical model also indicate that SO2 and NOx dominated in the component structure of winter aerosol particle; instead, CO and NOxdominated in summer. Surface layer atmospheric dynamic and thermal structures and various pollutant species at the upper boundary of building ensembles at urban different observational sites of Beijing in winter and summer showed an 'in-phase' variation and its spatial scale feature of 'influence domain'. The power spectrum analysis (PSA) shows that the period spectrum of winter/summer particle concentration accorded with those of atmospheric wind field: the longer period was dominative in winter, but the shorter period in summer, revealing the impact of the seasonal scale feature of winter/summer atmospheric general circulation on the period of atmospheric pollution variations. It is found that from analyzing urban area thermal heterogeneity that the multi-scale effect of Beijing region urban heat island (UHI) was associated with the heterogeneous expansion of tall buildings area. In urban atmospheric dynamical and thermal characteristic spatial structures, the turbulent scale feature of the urban boundary la
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41574045,41590862)State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics(LED2013A06)
文摘The Qilian Orogen Zone(QOZ), located in the north margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is the key area for understanding the deformation and dynamics process of Tibet. Numerous geological and geophysical studies have been carried out on the mechanics of the Tibetan Plateau deformation and uplift; however, the detailed structure and deformation style of the Qilian Orogen Zone have remained uncertain due to poor geophysical data coverage and limited resolution power of inversion algorithms. In this study, we analyze the P-wave velocity structure beneath the Qilian Orogen Zone, obtained by applying multi-scale seismic tomography technique to P-wave arrival time data recorded by regional seismic networks. The seismic tomography algorithm used in this study employs sparsity constraints on the wavelet representation of the velocity model via L1-norm regularization. This algorithm can deal efficiently with uneven-sampled volumes, and can obtain multi-scale images of the velocity model. Our results can be summarized as follows:(1) The crustal velocity structure is strongly inhomogeneous and consistent with the surface geological setting. Significant low-velocity anomalies exist in the crust of northeastern Tibet, and slight high-velocity anomalies exist beneath the Qaidam Basin and Alxa terrane.(2)The Qilian Orogen Zone can be divided into two main parts by the Laji Shan Faults: the northwestern part with a low-velocity feature, and the southeastern part with a high-velocity feature at the upper and middle crust.(3) Our tomographic images suggest that northwestern and southeastern Qilian Orogen Zones have undergone different tectonic processes. In the northwest Qilian Orogen Zone, the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibetan Plateau has extended to the Heli Shan and Beida Shan region by northward overthrusting at the upper crust and thickening in the lower crust. We speculate that in the southeast Qilian Orogen Zone the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibet Plateau were of strike-slip style at the upper crust; in
文摘利用常规气象观测资料、加密自动站资料以及卫星云图、雷达回波等产品,对2016年7月18—20日山西一次大暴雨天气过程的多尺度天气系统及其相互作用特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)500 h Pa与地面图上东高西低的环流形势稳定维持,中尺度低涡切变线造成强烈的辐合上升运动,低空急流向山西源源不断地输送水汽,造成山西持续出现大暴雨天气。(2)卫星云图及雷达回波显示,此次过程由槽前斜压叶状云系发展成的涡旋云系造成,对应的雷达回波为积状云与层状云的混合性回波,层状云中不断有对流单体发展、合并、加强、消亡,整个过程可分为2个阶段:第1阶段以带状回波为主,其上多对流回波,出现了雷暴和短时强降水;第2阶段回波强度减小,对流性质减弱,但回波存在不断生消和停滞少动等特点,造成长时间稳定性降水。(3)天气尺度系统的稳定维持是中尺度系统稳定存在、持续发展加强的主要原因,主要表现在对中尺度低涡的阻挡作用和对低涡维持所需冷空气的持续供应;其中中-α尺度低涡则制约更小尺度系统即中-β尺度或中-γ尺度辐合系统的形成和维持,而这些小尺度系统是此次暴雨大暴雨天气的直接制造者。
