Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the prese...Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the present climate change scenario.Strategies focused to breed animals with better thermotolerance and climatic resilience are keenly sought these days to mitigate impacts of heat stress especially in high input livestock production systems.The 70-kDa heat shock proteins(HSP70) are a protein family known for its potential role in thermo-tolerance and widely considered as cellular thermometers.HSP70 function as molecular chaperons and have major roles in cellular thermotolerance,apoptosis,immune-modulation and heat stress.Expression of HSP70 is controlled by various factors such as,intracellular pH,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cyclic AMP),protein kinase C and intracellular free calcium,etc.Over expression of HSP70 has been observed under oxidative stress leading to scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protection of pulmonary endothelial barrier against bacterial toxins.Polymorphisms in flanking and promoter regions in HSP70 gene have shown association with heat tolerance,weaning weight,milk production,fertility and disease susceptibility in livestock.This review provides insight into pivotal roles of HSP70 which make it an ideal candidate genetic marker for selection of animals with better climate resilience,immune response and superior performance.展开更多
植物热激蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,Hsp70)是热激蛋白家族中保守、普遍表达的家族,有两个主要功能区:N端核酸结合区和C端底物结合区。通常Hsp70具有分子伴侣功能,参与新生蛋白的折叠、转运、重折叠变性蛋白、协助降解变性蛋白;Hsp7...植物热激蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,Hsp70)是热激蛋白家族中保守、普遍表达的家族,有两个主要功能区:N端核酸结合区和C端底物结合区。通常Hsp70具有分子伴侣功能,参与新生蛋白的折叠、转运、重折叠变性蛋白、协助降解变性蛋白;Hsp70不仅受高温胁迫诱导,且受其它多种胁迫诱导;同时,Hsp70参与植物正常发育过程。Hsp70基因分布广泛,序列高度保守,在植物基因组中以基因家族形式存在,最近广泛用于遗传多样性和系统发育研究。文章对植物中Hsp70的基因家族、结构、表达调控机制和生物学功能进行了综述。展开更多
The heat shock response is a general property of all living organisms. Both heat shock response and heat shock proteins (HSPs) exist in cells and the role of heat shock proteins acts as molecular chaperones. Heat shoc...The heat shock response is a general property of all living organisms. Both heat shock response and heat shock proteins (HSPs) exist in cells and the role of heat shock proteins acts as molecular chaperones. Heat shock response was first recognized in insects. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a brief history of the research on heat shock proteins and to update progress with emphasis on two aspects, namely: the structure of heat shock genes and the transcriptional control of heat shock genes in insects ; the expression models, the properties of heat shock proteins, the intracellular location of HSPs in cells and the role of heat shock proteins as molecular chaprones. In general, the study of heat shock response and heat shock proteins goes through five stages. Heat shock genes that are classified into three main distinct groups characterized by sequence homology are considerably conservative. Heat shock genes in insects are controlled by the heat shock transcription factors. Most heat shock proteins are synthesized at normal conditions, but their syntheses significantly increase at heat shock or other stress conditions. The syntheses also change with the development stages and sorts of tissues. The intracellular location of HSPs varies according to HSPs themselves and the condition that the cells are in. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones to regulate protein folding, protein translocation, assembly and disassembly. The synthesis of the heat shock proteins is correlated with the acquired thermotolerance and maybe used in gene engineering and has beneficial therapeutic effects on tumor treatments.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0500507, 2018YFD0501600)Natural Science Foundation of China (31460613,31560649).
文摘Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the present climate change scenario.Strategies focused to breed animals with better thermotolerance and climatic resilience are keenly sought these days to mitigate impacts of heat stress especially in high input livestock production systems.The 70-kDa heat shock proteins(HSP70) are a protein family known for its potential role in thermo-tolerance and widely considered as cellular thermometers.HSP70 function as molecular chaperons and have major roles in cellular thermotolerance,apoptosis,immune-modulation and heat stress.Expression of HSP70 is controlled by various factors such as,intracellular pH,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cyclic AMP),protein kinase C and intracellular free calcium,etc.Over expression of HSP70 has been observed under oxidative stress leading to scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protection of pulmonary endothelial barrier against bacterial toxins.Polymorphisms in flanking and promoter regions in HSP70 gene have shown association with heat tolerance,weaning weight,milk production,fertility and disease susceptibility in livestock.This review provides insight into pivotal roles of HSP70 which make it an ideal candidate genetic marker for selection of animals with better climate resilience,immune response and superior performance.
文摘植物热激蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,Hsp70)是热激蛋白家族中保守、普遍表达的家族,有两个主要功能区:N端核酸结合区和C端底物结合区。通常Hsp70具有分子伴侣功能,参与新生蛋白的折叠、转运、重折叠变性蛋白、协助降解变性蛋白;Hsp70不仅受高温胁迫诱导,且受其它多种胁迫诱导;同时,Hsp70参与植物正常发育过程。Hsp70基因分布广泛,序列高度保守,在植物基因组中以基因家族形式存在,最近广泛用于遗传多样性和系统发育研究。文章对植物中Hsp70的基因家族、结构、表达调控机制和生物学功能进行了综述。
文摘The heat shock response is a general property of all living organisms. Both heat shock response and heat shock proteins (HSPs) exist in cells and the role of heat shock proteins acts as molecular chaperones. Heat shock response was first recognized in insects. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a brief history of the research on heat shock proteins and to update progress with emphasis on two aspects, namely: the structure of heat shock genes and the transcriptional control of heat shock genes in insects ; the expression models, the properties of heat shock proteins, the intracellular location of HSPs in cells and the role of heat shock proteins as molecular chaprones. In general, the study of heat shock response and heat shock proteins goes through five stages. Heat shock genes that are classified into three main distinct groups characterized by sequence homology are considerably conservative. Heat shock genes in insects are controlled by the heat shock transcription factors. Most heat shock proteins are synthesized at normal conditions, but their syntheses significantly increase at heat shock or other stress conditions. The syntheses also change with the development stages and sorts of tissues. The intracellular location of HSPs varies according to HSPs themselves and the condition that the cells are in. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones to regulate protein folding, protein translocation, assembly and disassembly. The synthesis of the heat shock proteins is correlated with the acquired thermotolerance and maybe used in gene engineering and has beneficial therapeutic effects on tumor treatments.
