Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is an efficient reconfigurable integrated circuit platform and has become a core signal processing microchip device of digital systems over the last decade. With the rapid developme...Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is an efficient reconfigurable integrated circuit platform and has become a core signal processing microchip device of digital systems over the last decade. With the rapid development of semiconductor technology, the performance and system integration of FPGA devices have been significantly progressed, and at the same time new challenges arise. The design of FPGA architecture is required to evolve to meet these challenges, while also taking advantage of ever increased microchip density. This survey reviews the recent development of advanced FPGA architectures, including improvement of the programming technologies, logic blocks, interconnects, and embedded resources. Moreover, some important emerging design issues of FPGA architectures, such as novel memory based FPGAs and 3D FPGAs, are also presented to provide an outlook for future FPGA development.展开更多
The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsi...The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsive microchip for the highly efficient capture and nondestructive release of CTCs via nucleic acid hybridization. Transparent and patternable substrates with hierarchical architectures were integrated into the microchip with herringbone grooves, resulting in greatly enhanced cell-surface interaction via herringbone micromixers, more binding sites, and better matched topographical interactions. In combination with a high-affinity aptamer, target cancer cells were specifically and efficiently captured on the chip. Captured cancer cells were gently released from the chip under physiological conditions using toehold-mediated strand displacement, without any destructive factors for cells or substrates. More importantly, aptamercontaining DNA sequences on the surface of the retrieved cancer cells could be further amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, facilitating the detection of cell surface biomarkers and characterization of the CTCs. Furthermore, this system was extensively applied to the capture and release of CTCs from patients＇ blood samples, demonstrating a promising high-performance platform for CTC enrichment, release, and characterization.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61271149)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2012AA-012301)National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2013ZX03006004)
文摘Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is an efficient reconfigurable integrated circuit platform and has become a core signal processing microchip device of digital systems over the last decade. With the rapid development of semiconductor technology, the performance and system integration of FPGA devices have been significantly progressed, and at the same time new challenges arise. The design of FPGA architecture is required to evolve to meet these challenges, while also taking advantage of ever increased microchip density. This survey reviews the recent development of advanced FPGA architectures, including improvement of the programming technologies, logic blocks, interconnects, and embedded resources. Moreover, some important emerging design issues of FPGA architectures, such as novel memory based FPGAs and 3D FPGAs, are also presented to provide an outlook for future FPGA development.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （Nos. 21432008, 91413109 and 21575110）. China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program of China （No. BX201700176）.
文摘The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsive microchip for the highly efficient capture and nondestructive release of CTCs via nucleic acid hybridization. Transparent and patternable substrates with hierarchical architectures were integrated into the microchip with herringbone grooves, resulting in greatly enhanced cell-surface interaction via herringbone micromixers, more binding sites, and better matched topographical interactions. In combination with a high-affinity aptamer, target cancer cells were specifically and efficiently captured on the chip. Captured cancer cells were gently released from the chip under physiological conditions using toehold-mediated strand displacement, without any destructive factors for cells or substrates. More importantly, aptamercontaining DNA sequences on the surface of the retrieved cancer cells could be further amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, facilitating the detection of cell surface biomarkers and characterization of the CTCs. Furthermore, this system was extensively applied to the capture and release of CTCs from patients＇ blood samples, demonstrating a promising high-performance platform for CTC enrichment, release, and characterization.
