Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disorder and a number of bacterial pathogens are involved.However,30%-40% of sputum and purulent samples in good quality failed to grow any pathogenic bacteria,making it difficult to c...Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disorder and a number of bacterial pathogens are involved.However,30%-40% of sputum and purulent samples in good quality failed to grow any pathogenic bacteria,making it difficult to confirm the pathogen.In this study,we collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a bronchiectasis patient undergoing acute exacerbation,and sent for 16 S rDNA pyrosequencing by a 454 GS Junior machine.Metagenomic analysis showed the composition of bacterial community in sample was complex.More than a half of reads（51.3%） were from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.This result was corresponding with the culture result but came out 2 d earlier,which is meaningful for early diagnosis and treatment.The detection with 16 S rDNA pyrosequencing technology is more sensitive and rapid than routine culture,and can detect the co-infection or symbiosis in airway,giving us a novel and convenient approach to perform rapid diagnosis.展开更多
Healthcare guidelines play a prominent role in the daytoday practice of primary care providers,and health policy research leads to the formation of these guidelines.Health policy research is the multidisciplinary appr...Healthcare guidelines play a prominent role in the daytoday practice of primary care providers,and health policy research leads to the formation of these guidelines.Health policy research is the multidisciplinary approach to public policy explaining the interaction between health institutions,special interests and theoretical constructs.In this article,we demonstrate how primary care providers can conduct high-impact health policy research using Eugene Bardach’s eightfold policy analysis framework in a primary care context.In a medical case,a woman with a history of total hysterectomy had scheduled a visit for a Papanicolaou(Pap)smear screening test as part of a well-woman health check-up with a family medicine resident.Conflicting recommendations on Pap smear screening after total hysterectomy sparked an investigation using the US Preventive Services Task Force criteria for conducting a health policy analysis.We illustrate broadly how clinical care dilemmas can be examined by using Bardach’s broadly applicable health policy framework in order to inform meaningful policy change.Bardach’s framework includes(1)defining the problem,(2)assembling evidence,(3)constructing alternatives,(4)selecting criteria,(5)projecting outcomes,(6)confronting trade-offs,(7)decision-making and(8)sharing the results of the process.The policy analysis demonstrated insufficient evidence to recommend Pap test screening after hysterectomy and the findings contributed to national recommendations.By following Bardach’s steps,primary care researchers have a feasible and powerful tool for conducting meaningful health policy research and analysis that can influence clinical practice.展开更多
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents.Although the symptoms appear to be well described,no coherent concept...Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents.Although the symptoms appear to be well described,no coherent conceptual mechanistic framework integrates their occurrence and variance and the associated problems that people with ADHD face.Aims The current study proposes that altered event segmentation processes provide a novel mechanistic framework for understanding deficits in ADHD.Methods Adolescents with ADHD and neurotypically developing(NT)peers watched a short movie and were then asked to indicate the boundaries between meaningful segments of the movie.Concomitantly recorded electroencephalography(EEG)data were analysed for differences in frequency band activity and effective connectivity between brain areas.Results Compared with their NT peers,the ADHD group showed less dependence of their segmentation behaviour on social information,indicating that they did not consider social information to the same extent as their unaffected peers.This divergence was accompanied by differences in EEG theta band activity and a different effective connectivity network architecture at the source level.Specifically,NT adolescents primarily showed error signalling in and between the left and right fusiform gyri related to social information processing,which was not the case in the ADHD group.For the ADHD group,the inferior frontal cortex associated with attentional sampling served as a hub instead,indicating problems in the deployment of attentional control.Conclusions This study shows that adolescents with ADHD perceive events differently from their NT peers,in association with a different brain network architecture that reflects less adaptation to the situation and problems in attentional sampling of environmental information.The results call for a novel conceptual view of ADHD,based on event segmentation theory.展开更多
The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss whether it is worthwhile to explore the space.As an avid fan of science fiction,I am constantly drawn to the...The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss whether it is worthwhile to explore the space.As an avid fan of science fiction,I am constantly drawn to the enigmatic wonders of the universe.With its vastness and myriad mysteries,the universe never fails to capture my imagination.It is in the context of this fascination that I reflect on the importance of investing in space exploration-an issue that is deeply meaningful to me.展开更多
Generating high-value chemical compounds by catalytically converting carbon resources—typically derived from coal and biomass, etc.—is crucial. It is more meaningful to achieve“carbon neutrality” and lower product...Generating high-value chemical compounds by catalytically converting carbon resources—typically derived from coal and biomass, etc.—is crucial. It is more meaningful to achieve“carbon neutrality” and lower production costs by utilizing industrial waste carbon sources, such as steel mill waste gases,which are typically intended for direct emission or burning into CO_(2).展开更多
I made my first trip to China at the end of August 2007.As a fresh graduate,I had never left my hometown before,let alone lived abroad.It took a big leap of faith for me to decide to go to a university in Beijing,and ...I made my first trip to China at the end of August 2007.As a fresh graduate,I had never left my hometown before,let alone lived abroad.It took a big leap of faith for me to decide to go to a university in Beijing,and it ended up being one of the most meaningful experiences of my life.展开更多
Once upon a time,there was a university teacher.He was a man of great knowledge and knew about all kinds of fields.Once,the teacher became interested in Chinese Zen and wanted to learn more.So he visited a famous Chin...Once upon a time,there was a university teacher.He was a man of great knowledge and knew about all kinds of fields.Once,the teacher became interested in Chinese Zen and wanted to learn more.So he visited a famous Chinese master to learn about Zen.展开更多
Introduction: Nurses’ job satisfaction is referring to the level to which people feel that they are able to have an influence on their workplace. Nurse leaders should use a variety of empowerment strategies that are ...Introduction: Nurses’ job satisfaction is referring to the level to which people feel that they are able to have an influence on their workplace. Nurse leaders should use a variety of empowerment strategies that are important to nurses’ job satisfaction. Meanwhile, meaningful recognition for nurses is considered a powerful tool to enhance nurses’ sense of self-efficacy especially facing an emotional challenge that may affect their wellbeing. Aim: The aim of the studies is to analyze the importance of nurses’ recognition, and empowerment towards nurses’ job satisfaction at KFSH-D. Method: This study takes the form of a quantitative research methodology, and descriptive-analytical technique. A questionnaire used to gather data from registered nurses employed at King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam (KFSH-D) about the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program impact on their job satisfaction. Following the collection of data, the descriptive statistic used to describe the personal characteristics of the respondents, while inferential statistics used to determine the statistical relationship existing between independent variable job satisfaction and the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program among the registered nurses at KFSH-D as dependent variables. Recommendation: The researcher only focuses on the in-patient units, future studies, are recommended to focus on every dimension and category level of units. Apart from that, when looking into job satisfaction and empowerment, to be more specific, the researcher could investigate another dimension by comparing age, and clinical working experience which may provide a depth of understanding of the contribution perception of structural empowerment. Conclusion: The findings of the studies reveal recognition and empowerment are assets to make nurses stay and increase their level of job satisfaction and task assignments.展开更多
A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. F...A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. First, a dynamic spiral block scrambling is designed to encrypt the sparse matrix generated by performing discrete wavelet transform(DWT)on the plain image. Then, the encrypted image is compressed and quantified to obtain the noise-like cipher image. Then the cipher image is embedded into the alpha channel of the carrier image in portable network graphics(PNG) format to generate the visually meaningful steganographic image. In our scheme, the hyperchaotic Lorenz system controlled by the hash value of plain image is utilized to construct the scrambling matrix, the measurement matrix and the embedding matrix to achieve higher security. In addition, compared with other existing encryption algorithms, the proposed PNG-based embedding method can blindly extract the cipher image, thus effectively reducing the transmission cost and storage space. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has very high visual security.展开更多
To the Editor:Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.[1]In addition to the classical adenoma-to-carcinoma model of colorectal carcinogenesis,the serrated neoplastic pathway acc...To the Editor:Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.[1]In addition to the classical adenoma-to-carcinoma model of colorectal carcinogenesis,the serrated neoplastic pathway accounts for 20%–30%of CRCs.Sessile serrated lesions(SSLs),the most common premalignant serrated polyp subtype,share many of the genomic characteristics of post-colonoscopy CRCs and are thus recognized as their precursor lesions.However,SSLs can be easily missed due to their flat shape and subtle endoscopic features.Sometimes they can also be difficult to distinguish from other types of polyps,especially hyperplastic polyps(HPs),which are believed to have no malignant potential.[2]Approximately 10%of polyps initially diagnosed as HPs endoscopically are reclassified as SSLs after histopathological examination,reflecting diagnostic difficulties in colonoscopy.[3,4]Current guidelines recommend“diagnose-and-leave”and“resect-and-discard”strategies for diminutive polyps,which might lead to SSLs being left in situ or diagnoses being missed,[5]raising the risk of recurrence and post-colonoscopy cancers.Furthermore,it remains debatable in the gastrointestinal community whether the risks of resecting SSLs outweigh the reduction in cancer risk.Any strategy that improves the diagnostic accuracy of SSLs could have a meaningful clinical impact.展开更多
The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed countries.Although med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health span.We...The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed countries.Although med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health span.We are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare system.Aging is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological age.Taurine,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological age.This trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.展开更多
BET proteins,which influence gene expression and contribute to the development of cancer,are epigenetic interpreters.Thus,BET inhibitors represent a novel form of epigenetic anticancer treatment.Although preliminary c...BET proteins,which influence gene expression and contribute to the development of cancer,are epigenetic interpreters.Thus,BET inhibitors represent a novel form of epigenetic anticancer treatment.Although preliminary clinical trials have shown the anticancer potential of BET inhibitors,it appears that these drugs have limited effectiveness when used alone.Therefore,given the limited monotherapeutic activity of BET inhibitors,their use in combination with other drugs warrants attention,including the meaningful variations in pharmacodynamic activity among chosen drug combinations.In this paper,we review the function of BET proteins,the preclinical justification for BET protein targeting in cancer,recent advances in small-molecule BET inhibitors,and preliminary clinical trial findings.We elucidate BET inhibitor resistance mechanisms,shed light on the associated adverse events,investigate the potential of combining these inhibitors with diverse therapeutic agents,present a comprehensive compilation of synergistic treatments involving BET inhibitors,and provide an outlook on their future prospects as potent antitumor agents.We conclude by suggesting that combining BET inhibitors with other anticancer drugs and innovative next-generation agents holds great potential for advancing the effective targeting of BET proteins as a promising anticancer strategy.展开更多
We live in an Age of Fractures.Humanity is divided along ideological,economic,wealth,cultural,social as well as geographical lines.These fractures occur not only between,but also within States.We are also simultaneous...We live in an Age of Fractures.Humanity is divided along ideological,economic,wealth,cultural,social as well as geographical lines.These fractures occur not only between,but also within States.We are also simultaneously living with threats which threaten us all.Climate change is the most obvious,but lest we forget,there still exists enough nuclear weapons to obliterate the world many times over.It is therefore clear humanity has no choice but to come together,cooperate more closely and more meaningfully.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Previous research indicates that non-occupational physical activity can reduce mortality risk.Nevertheless,the relationship between occupational physical activity and hea...Summary What is already known about this topic?Previous research indicates that non-occupational physical activity can reduce mortality risk.Nevertheless,the relationship between occupational physical activity and health improvements has not been consistently established.What is added by this report?The study found that regular exercise and leisure activities reduced the risk of all-cause mortality.However,the combination of exercise and leisure activities demonstrated more substantial benefits.Additionally,no meaningful association was identified between physical work and mortality risk within the older population.展开更多
Huang Bin,a 28-year-old archaeologist,considers his work both boring and repetitive and interesting and meaningful at the same time.This contradiction reflects a personality trait-he is introvert but can be very expre...Huang Bin,a 28-year-old archaeologist,considers his work both boring and repetitive and interesting and meaningful at the same time.This contradiction reflects a personality trait-he is introvert but can be very expressive when it comes to archaeology.After obtaining his master’s degree in cultural heritage and museum from Wuhan University in Hubei Province,he found a job at the Xiaoshan Museum in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,in December 2019.展开更多
Traditional image encryption algorithms transform a plain image into a noise-like image.To lower the chances for the encrypted image being detected by the attacker during the image transmission,a visually meaningful i...Traditional image encryption algorithms transform a plain image into a noise-like image.To lower the chances for the encrypted image being detected by the attacker during the image transmission,a visually meaningful image encryption scheme is suggested to hide the encrypted image using another carrier image.This paper proposes a visually meaningful encrypted image algorithm that hides a secret image and a digital signature which provides authenticity and confidentiality.The recovered digital signature is used for the purpose of identity authentication while the secret image is encrypted to protect its confidentiality.Least Significant Bit(LSB)method to embed signature on the encrypted image and Lifting Wavelet Transform(LWT)to generate a visually meaningful encrypted image are designed.The proposed algorithm has a keyspace of 139.5-bit,a Normalized Correlation(NC)value of 0.9998 which is closer to 1 and a Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)with a value greater than 50 dB.Different analyses are also performed on the proposed algorithm using different images.The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is with high key sensitivity and strong robustness against pepper and salt attack and cropping attack.Moreover,the histogram analysis shows that the original carrier image and the final visual image are very similar.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(National High-Tech R&D program:No.2006AA02Z4A9 and No.2012BAI05B0212th Five-Year Plan Major Scientific and Technological Program:No.2012ZX10004-206)the Ministry of Health of China(Special Fund for Health-scientific Research in the Public Interest Program:No.201202011)
文摘Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disorder and a number of bacterial pathogens are involved.However,30%-40% of sputum and purulent samples in good quality failed to grow any pathogenic bacteria,making it difficult to confirm the pathogen.In this study,we collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a bronchiectasis patient undergoing acute exacerbation,and sent for 16 S rDNA pyrosequencing by a 454 GS Junior machine.Metagenomic analysis showed the composition of bacterial community in sample was complex.More than a half of reads（51.3%） were from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.This result was corresponding with the culture result but came out 2 d earlier,which is meaningful for early diagnosis and treatment.The detection with 16 S rDNA pyrosequencing technology is more sensitive and rapid than routine culture,and can detect the co-infection or symbiosis in airway,giving us a novel and convenient approach to perform rapid diagnosis.
文摘Healthcare guidelines play a prominent role in the daytoday practice of primary care providers,and health policy research leads to the formation of these guidelines.Health policy research is the multidisciplinary approach to public policy explaining the interaction between health institutions,special interests and theoretical constructs.In this article,we demonstrate how primary care providers can conduct high-impact health policy research using Eugene Bardach’s eightfold policy analysis framework in a primary care context.In a medical case,a woman with a history of total hysterectomy had scheduled a visit for a Papanicolaou(Pap)smear screening test as part of a well-woman health check-up with a family medicine resident.Conflicting recommendations on Pap smear screening after total hysterectomy sparked an investigation using the US Preventive Services Task Force criteria for conducting a health policy analysis.We illustrate broadly how clinical care dilemmas can be examined by using Bardach’s broadly applicable health policy framework in order to inform meaningful policy change.Bardach’s framework includes(1)defining the problem,(2)assembling evidence,(3)constructing alternatives,(4)selecting criteria,(5)projecting outcomes,(6)confronting trade-offs,(7)decision-making and(8)sharing the results of the process.The policy analysis demonstrated insufficient evidence to recommend Pap test screening after hysterectomy and the findings contributed to national recommendations.By following Bardach’s steps,primary care researchers have a feasible and powerful tool for conducting meaningful health policy research and analysis that can influence clinical practice.
基金supported by a grant from the Else Kröner-FreseniusStiftung(2020_EKSE.105)the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung(BMBF)01GL2405H.
文摘Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents.Although the symptoms appear to be well described,no coherent conceptual mechanistic framework integrates their occurrence and variance and the associated problems that people with ADHD face.Aims The current study proposes that altered event segmentation processes provide a novel mechanistic framework for understanding deficits in ADHD.Methods Adolescents with ADHD and neurotypically developing(NT)peers watched a short movie and were then asked to indicate the boundaries between meaningful segments of the movie.Concomitantly recorded electroencephalography(EEG)data were analysed for differences in frequency band activity and effective connectivity between brain areas.Results Compared with their NT peers,the ADHD group showed less dependence of their segmentation behaviour on social information,indicating that they did not consider social information to the same extent as their unaffected peers.This divergence was accompanied by differences in EEG theta band activity and a different effective connectivity network architecture at the source level.Specifically,NT adolescents primarily showed error signalling in and between the left and right fusiform gyri related to social information processing,which was not the case in the ADHD group.For the ADHD group,the inferior frontal cortex associated with attentional sampling served as a hub instead,indicating problems in the deployment of attentional control.Conclusions This study shows that adolescents with ADHD perceive events differently from their NT peers,in association with a different brain network architecture that reflects less adaptation to the situation and problems in attentional sampling of environmental information.The results call for a novel conceptual view of ADHD,based on event segmentation theory.
文摘The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss whether it is worthwhile to explore the space.As an avid fan of science fiction,I am constantly drawn to the enigmatic wonders of the universe.With its vastness and myriad mysteries,the universe never fails to capture my imagination.It is in the context of this fascination that I reflect on the importance of investing in space exploration-an issue that is deeply meaningful to me.
文摘Generating high-value chemical compounds by catalytically converting carbon resources—typically derived from coal and biomass, etc.—is crucial. It is more meaningful to achieve“carbon neutrality” and lower production costs by utilizing industrial waste carbon sources, such as steel mill waste gases,which are typically intended for direct emission or burning into CO_(2).
文摘I made my first trip to China at the end of August 2007.As a fresh graduate,I had never left my hometown before,let alone lived abroad.It took a big leap of faith for me to decide to go to a university in Beijing,and it ended up being one of the most meaningful experiences of my life.
文摘Once upon a time,there was a university teacher.He was a man of great knowledge and knew about all kinds of fields.Once,the teacher became interested in Chinese Zen and wanted to learn more.So he visited a famous Chinese master to learn about Zen.
文摘Introduction: Nurses’ job satisfaction is referring to the level to which people feel that they are able to have an influence on their workplace. Nurse leaders should use a variety of empowerment strategies that are important to nurses’ job satisfaction. Meanwhile, meaningful recognition for nurses is considered a powerful tool to enhance nurses’ sense of self-efficacy especially facing an emotional challenge that may affect their wellbeing. Aim: The aim of the studies is to analyze the importance of nurses’ recognition, and empowerment towards nurses’ job satisfaction at KFSH-D. Method: This study takes the form of a quantitative research methodology, and descriptive-analytical technique. A questionnaire used to gather data from registered nurses employed at King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam (KFSH-D) about the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program impact on their job satisfaction. Following the collection of data, the descriptive statistic used to describe the personal characteristics of the respondents, while inferential statistics used to determine the statistical relationship existing between independent variable job satisfaction and the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program among the registered nurses at KFSH-D as dependent variables. Recommendation: The researcher only focuses on the in-patient units, future studies, are recommended to focus on every dimension and category level of units. Apart from that, when looking into job satisfaction and empowerment, to be more specific, the researcher could investigate another dimension by comparing age, and clinical working experience which may provide a depth of understanding of the contribution perception of structural empowerment. Conclusion: The findings of the studies reveal recognition and empowerment are assets to make nurses stay and increase their level of job satisfaction and task assignments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61672124)the Password Theory Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan National Cryptography Development Fund (Grant No. MMJJ20170203)+3 种基金Liaoning Province Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents Program Project (Grant No. XLYC1802013)Key R&D Projects of Liaoning Province (Grant No. 2019020105JH2/103)Jinan City ‘20 Universities’ Funding Projects Introducing Innovation Team Program (Grant No. 2019GXRC031)Research Fund of Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining & Security (Grant No. MIMS20-M-02)。
文摘A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. First, a dynamic spiral block scrambling is designed to encrypt the sparse matrix generated by performing discrete wavelet transform(DWT)on the plain image. Then, the encrypted image is compressed and quantified to obtain the noise-like cipher image. Then the cipher image is embedded into the alpha channel of the carrier image in portable network graphics(PNG) format to generate the visually meaningful steganographic image. In our scheme, the hyperchaotic Lorenz system controlled by the hash value of plain image is utilized to construct the scrambling matrix, the measurement matrix and the embedding matrix to achieve higher security. In addition, compared with other existing encryption algorithms, the proposed PNG-based embedding method can blindly extract the cipher image, thus effectively reducing the transmission cost and storage space. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has very high visual security.
基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMSNo.2022-I2M-1-003)Peking Union Medical College(No.2019zlgc0503)
文摘To the Editor:Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.[1]In addition to the classical adenoma-to-carcinoma model of colorectal carcinogenesis,the serrated neoplastic pathway accounts for 20%–30%of CRCs.Sessile serrated lesions(SSLs),the most common premalignant serrated polyp subtype,share many of the genomic characteristics of post-colonoscopy CRCs and are thus recognized as their precursor lesions.However,SSLs can be easily missed due to their flat shape and subtle endoscopic features.Sometimes they can also be difficult to distinguish from other types of polyps,especially hyperplastic polyps(HPs),which are believed to have no malignant potential.[2]Approximately 10%of polyps initially diagnosed as HPs endoscopically are reclassified as SSLs after histopathological examination,reflecting diagnostic difficulties in colonoscopy.[3,4]Current guidelines recommend“diagnose-and-leave”and“resect-and-discard”strategies for diminutive polyps,which might lead to SSLs being left in situ or diagnoses being missed,[5]raising the risk of recurrence and post-colonoscopy cancers.Furthermore,it remains debatable in the gastrointestinal community whether the risks of resecting SSLs outweigh the reduction in cancer risk.Any strategy that improves the diagnostic accuracy of SSLs could have a meaningful clinical impact.
文摘The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed countries.Although med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health span.We are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare system.Aging is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological age.Taurine,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological age.This trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.81872507 and 82173238)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Key Projects(ZD2020H007)+4 种基金the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital(CN)Nn10 Project(Nn10py2017-01)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(296266)the Heilongjiang Province Doctoral Post-doctoral Fund(LBH-Z21177)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities(2022-KYYWF-0291)the Harbin Medical University Haiyan Youth Fund(JJQN2022-3).
文摘BET proteins,which influence gene expression and contribute to the development of cancer,are epigenetic interpreters.Thus,BET inhibitors represent a novel form of epigenetic anticancer treatment.Although preliminary clinical trials have shown the anticancer potential of BET inhibitors,it appears that these drugs have limited effectiveness when used alone.Therefore,given the limited monotherapeutic activity of BET inhibitors,their use in combination with other drugs warrants attention,including the meaningful variations in pharmacodynamic activity among chosen drug combinations.In this paper,we review the function of BET proteins,the preclinical justification for BET protein targeting in cancer,recent advances in small-molecule BET inhibitors,and preliminary clinical trial findings.We elucidate BET inhibitor resistance mechanisms,shed light on the associated adverse events,investigate the potential of combining these inhibitors with diverse therapeutic agents,present a comprehensive compilation of synergistic treatments involving BET inhibitors,and provide an outlook on their future prospects as potent antitumor agents.We conclude by suggesting that combining BET inhibitors with other anticancer drugs and innovative next-generation agents holds great potential for advancing the effective targeting of BET proteins as a promising anticancer strategy.
文摘We live in an Age of Fractures.Humanity is divided along ideological,economic,wealth,cultural,social as well as geographical lines.These fractures occur not only between,but also within States.We are also simultaneously living with threats which threaten us all.Climate change is the most obvious,but lest we forget,there still exists enough nuclear weapons to obliterate the world many times over.It is therefore clear humanity has no choice but to come together,cooperate more closely and more meaningfully.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 82025030 for XMS and 82222063 for YBL).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Previous research indicates that non-occupational physical activity can reduce mortality risk.Nevertheless,the relationship between occupational physical activity and health improvements has not been consistently established.What is added by this report?The study found that regular exercise and leisure activities reduced the risk of all-cause mortality.However,the combination of exercise and leisure activities demonstrated more substantial benefits.Additionally,no meaningful association was identified between physical work and mortality risk within the older population.
文摘Huang Bin,a 28-year-old archaeologist,considers his work both boring and repetitive and interesting and meaningful at the same time.This contradiction reflects a personality trait-he is introvert but can be very expressive when it comes to archaeology.After obtaining his master’s degree in cultural heritage and museum from Wuhan University in Hubei Province,he found a job at the Xiaoshan Museum in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,in December 2019.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61972103)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (No.2019A1515011361)+2 种基金the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Guangdong Ocean University of China (No.202143)the Guangdong Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of China (No.2020JGXM059)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Guangdong Province of China (2020ZDZX3064).
文摘Traditional image encryption algorithms transform a plain image into a noise-like image.To lower the chances for the encrypted image being detected by the attacker during the image transmission,a visually meaningful image encryption scheme is suggested to hide the encrypted image using another carrier image.This paper proposes a visually meaningful encrypted image algorithm that hides a secret image and a digital signature which provides authenticity and confidentiality.The recovered digital signature is used for the purpose of identity authentication while the secret image is encrypted to protect its confidentiality.Least Significant Bit(LSB)method to embed signature on the encrypted image and Lifting Wavelet Transform(LWT)to generate a visually meaningful encrypted image are designed.The proposed algorithm has a keyspace of 139.5-bit,a Normalized Correlation(NC)value of 0.9998 which is closer to 1 and a Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)with a value greater than 50 dB.Different analyses are also performed on the proposed algorithm using different images.The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is with high key sensitivity and strong robustness against pepper and salt attack and cropping attack.Moreover,the histogram analysis shows that the original carrier image and the final visual image are very similar.
