海洋对于人类有重要的意义,不仅可以调节全球气候,而且在提供食物、生计和娱乐方面也发挥至关重要的作用.党的十八大提出提高海洋资源开发能力,发展海洋经济,保护海洋生态环境,坚决维护国家海洋权益,建设海洋强国.上海作为全球特大沿海...海洋对于人类有重要的意义,不仅可以调节全球气候,而且在提供食物、生计和娱乐方面也发挥至关重要的作用.党的十八大提出提高海洋资源开发能力,发展海洋经济,保护海洋生态环境,坚决维护国家海洋权益,建设海洋强国.上海作为全球特大沿海城市,有必要弄清其海洋生态系统健康的变化趋势和现状,以及城市与海洋之间的相互作用关系.基于国内外海洋生态系统健康评价方法,本文对比了“海洋健康指数”(Ocean Health Index, OHI)和“压力-状态-响应”(Pressure-State-Response, PSR)这两种不同的评价方法,完成了对上海海洋生态系统健康的变化趋势及现状的评价.评价结果表明,2009年以来,上海海洋生态系统的健康状况在改善,2015年呈亚健康状态.相对而言,“压力-状态-响应”(PSR)模型更适用于上海海域.展开更多
The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integra...The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integrated catchment management (ICM) in the Tolo Harbour is to meet with Water Quality Objectives. The performance of an ICM plan, Tolo Harbour Action Plan (THAP), is evaluated by using marine coastal ecosystem health indicators including stress indicators and responses indicators. Since the implementation of THAP in 1988, some significant reduction in pollution loading has been observed - reduction of 83 % of BOD load and 82 % of TN between 1988 and 1999. There has been an improvement in the health state of Tolo Harbour marine coastal ecosystem as evidenced in the trends of the physical, chemical and biological indicators, although some reverse fluctuations in some periods exist. However, this can only be considered as the first sign of the ecosystem health restoration, since ecosystem health展开更多
文摘海洋对于人类有重要的意义,不仅可以调节全球气候,而且在提供食物、生计和娱乐方面也发挥至关重要的作用.党的十八大提出提高海洋资源开发能力,发展海洋经济,保护海洋生态环境,坚决维护国家海洋权益,建设海洋强国.上海作为全球特大沿海城市,有必要弄清其海洋生态系统健康的变化趋势和现状,以及城市与海洋之间的相互作用关系.基于国内外海洋生态系统健康评价方法,本文对比了“海洋健康指数”(Ocean Health Index, OHI)和“压力-状态-响应”(Pressure-State-Response, PSR)这两种不同的评价方法,完成了对上海海洋生态系统健康的变化趋势及现状的评价.评价结果表明,2009年以来,上海海洋生态系统的健康状况在改善,2015年呈亚健康状态.相对而言,“压力-状态-响应”(PSR)模型更适用于上海海域.
文摘The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integrated catchment management (ICM) in the Tolo Harbour is to meet with Water Quality Objectives. The performance of an ICM plan, Tolo Harbour Action Plan (THAP), is evaluated by using marine coastal ecosystem health indicators including stress indicators and responses indicators. Since the implementation of THAP in 1988, some significant reduction in pollution loading has been observed - reduction of 83 % of BOD load and 82 % of TN between 1988 and 1999. There has been an improvement in the health state of Tolo Harbour marine coastal ecosystem as evidenced in the trends of the physical, chemical and biological indicators, although some reverse fluctuations in some periods exist. However, this can only be considered as the first sign of the ecosystem health restoration, since ecosystem health
