目的通过对膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者起病时和起病2年内的临床资料进行分析,旨在发现KOA早期诊断的方法及提高诊断正确率。方法对300例KOA患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察患者起病时及起病2年内的主要临床症状及体征,并分析其中37...目的通过对膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者起病时和起病2年内的临床资料进行分析,旨在发现KOA早期诊断的方法及提高诊断正确率。方法对300例KOA患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察患者起病时及起病2年内的主要临床症状及体征,并分析其中37例行膝关节镜手术的资料。术前均行膝关节1.5 T MRI常规扫描及3.0 T MRI UTE成像检查,按分级标准分别对KOA进行分级,以关节镜下诊断为标准,对比分析2种MRI检查的诊断符合率。结果 300例KOA中,245例首发症状为膝关节冷痛,阳性率81.7%;231例关节弹响,阳性率77.0%;82例晨僵,阳性率27.3%。在膝关节体格检查中,挺髌试验阳性者143例,阳性率47.7%;髌股研磨试验阳性者125例,阳性率41.7%;膝内翻者74例,阳性率24.7%。行膝关节手术的37例关节镜分级:0级5例,Ⅰ级20例,Ⅱ级12例。以关节镜下诊断为标准,3.0 T MRI UTE成像检查与关节镜的Ⅰ级(χ2=4.497,P=0.034)、Ⅱ级(χ2=5.196,P=0.014)诊断符合率均高于1.5 T MRI常规扫描,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期KOA多数以膝关节冷痛为首发症状,关节弹响及晨僵也是确诊KOA的重要线索;体格检查中主要以挺髌试验及髌股研磨试验为主,同时应检查膝内翻情况;辅助检查主要依靠膝关节MRI,且运用3.0 T MRI UTE序列关节软骨成像可提高对KOA的早期确诊率。展开更多
Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of pa...Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of patients with colorectal cancer using computed tomography(CT)colonography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography(PET)/CT colonography.CT colonography provides important information for the preoperative assessment of T staging.Wall deformities are associated with muscular or subserosal invasion.Lymph node metastases from colorectal cancer often present with calcifications.CT is superior to detect calcified metastases.Three-dimensional CT to image the vascular anatomy facilitates laparoscopic surgery.T staging of rectal cancer by MRI is an established modality because MRI can diagnose rectal wall laminar structure.N staging in patients with colorectal cancer is still challenging using any imaging modality.MRI is more accurate than CT for the evaluation of liver metastases.PET/CT colonography isvaluable in the evaluation of extra-colonic and hepatic disease.PET/CT colonography is useful for obstructing colorectal cancers that cannot be traversed colonoscopically.PET/CT colonography is able to localize synchronous colon cancers proximal to the obstruction precisely.However,there is no definite evidence to support the routine clinical use of PET/CT colonography.展开更多
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a frequent cause of chronic liver diseases,ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related liver cirrhosis.Although liver biopsy is still the gold ...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a frequent cause of chronic liver diseases,ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related liver cirrhosis.Although liver biopsy is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD,especially for the diagnosis of NASH,imaging methods have been increasingly accepted as noninvasive alternatives to liver biopsy.Ultrasonography is a well-established and costeffective imaging technique for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis,especially for screening a large population at risk of NAFLD.Ultrasonography has a reasonable accuracy in detecting moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis although it is less accurate for detecting mild hepatic steatosis,operator-dependent,and rather qualitative.Computed tomography is not appropriate for general population assessment of hepatic steatosis given its inaccuracy in detecting mild hepatic steatosis and potential radiation hazard.However,computed tomography may be effective in specific clinical situations,such as evaluation of donor candidates for hepatic transplantation.Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging are now regarded as the most accurate practical methods of measuring liver fat in clinical practice,especially for longitudinal followup of patients with NAFLD.Ultrasound elastography and magnetic resonance elastography are increasingly used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and to differentiate NASH from simple steatosis.This article will review current imaging methods used to evaluate hepatic steatosis,including the diagnostic accuracy,limitations,and practical applicability of each method.It will also briefly describe the potential role of elastography techniques in the evaluation of patients with NAFLD.展开更多
AIM: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of pelvic phased-array magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) in the preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma. METHODS: Thirty-four patients (15 ...AIM: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of pelvic phased-array magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) in the preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma. METHODS: Thirty-four patients (15 males, 19 females) with ages ranging between 29 and 75 who have biopsy proven rectal tumor underwent both MRI and ERUS examinations before surgery. All patients were evaluated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of depth of transmural tumor invasion and lymph node metastases. Imaging results were correlated with histopathological findings regarded as the gold standard and both modalities were compared in terms of predicting preoperative local staging of rectal carcinoma. RESULTS: The pathological T stage of the tumors was: pT1 in 1 patient, pT2 in 9 patients, pT3 in 21 patients and pT4 in 3 patients. The pathological N stage of the tumors was: pN0 in 19 patients, pN1 in 9 patients and pN2 in 6 patients. The accuracy of T staging for MRI was 89.70% (27 out of 34). The sensitivity was 79.41% and the specificity was 93.14%. The accuracy of T staging for ERUS was 85.29% (24 out of 34). The sensitivity was 70.59% and the specificity was 90.20%. Detection of lymph node metastases usingphased-array MRI gave an accuracy of 74.50% (21 out of 34). The sensitivity and specificity was found to be 61.76% and 80.88%, respectively. By using ERUS in the detection of lymph node metastases, an accuracy of 76.47% (18 out of 34) was obtained. The sensitivity and specificity were found to be 52.94% and 84.31%, respectively. CONCLUSION: ERUS and phased-array MRI are complementary methods in the accurate preoperative staging of rectal cancer. In conclusion, we can state that phased-array MRI was observed to be slightly superior in determining the depth of transmural invasion (T stage) and has same value in detecting lymph node metastases (N stage) as compared to ERUS.展开更多
Major ozonated autohemotherapy has been shown to promote recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction, but whether naajor ozonated autohelnotherapy affects remote in）ury remains po...Major ozonated autohemotherapy has been shown to promote recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction, but whether naajor ozonated autohelnotherapy affects remote in）ury remains poorly understood. Here, we assumed that major ozonated autohemotherapy contributes to recovery of clinical function, possibly by reducing remote injury after acute cerebral infarction. Sixty acute cerebral infarction patients aged 30-80 years were equally and randomly allocated to ozone treatment and control groups. Patients in the ozone treatment group received medical treatment and major ozonated autohemotherapy （47 mg/L, 100 mL ozone） for 10 ± 2 days. Patients in the control group received medical treatment only. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, modified Rankin scale score, and reduced degree of fractional anisotropy values of brain magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging were remarkably decreased, brain function improved, clinical efficiency significantly increased, and no obvious adverse reactions detected in the ozone treatment group compared with the control group. These findings suggest that major ozonated autohemotherapy promotes recovery of neurological function in acute cerebral infarction patients by reducing re,note injury, and additionally, exhibits high safety.展开更多
文摘目的通过对膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者起病时和起病2年内的临床资料进行分析,旨在发现KOA早期诊断的方法及提高诊断正确率。方法对300例KOA患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察患者起病时及起病2年内的主要临床症状及体征,并分析其中37例行膝关节镜手术的资料。术前均行膝关节1.5 T MRI常规扫描及3.0 T MRI UTE成像检查,按分级标准分别对KOA进行分级,以关节镜下诊断为标准,对比分析2种MRI检查的诊断符合率。结果 300例KOA中,245例首发症状为膝关节冷痛,阳性率81.7%;231例关节弹响,阳性率77.0%;82例晨僵,阳性率27.3%。在膝关节体格检查中,挺髌试验阳性者143例,阳性率47.7%;髌股研磨试验阳性者125例,阳性率41.7%;膝内翻者74例,阳性率24.7%。行膝关节手术的37例关节镜分级:0级5例,Ⅰ级20例,Ⅱ级12例。以关节镜下诊断为标准,3.0 T MRI UTE成像检查与关节镜的Ⅰ级(χ2=4.497,P=0.034)、Ⅱ级(χ2=5.196,P=0.014)诊断符合率均高于1.5 T MRI常规扫描,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期KOA多数以膝关节冷痛为首发症状,关节弹响及晨僵也是确诊KOA的重要线索;体格检查中主要以挺髌试验及髌股研磨试验为主,同时应检查膝内翻情况;辅助检查主要依靠膝关节MRI,且运用3.0 T MRI UTE序列关节软骨成像可提高对KOA的早期确诊率。
文摘Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of patients with colorectal cancer using computed tomography(CT)colonography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography(PET)/CT colonography.CT colonography provides important information for the preoperative assessment of T staging.Wall deformities are associated with muscular or subserosal invasion.Lymph node metastases from colorectal cancer often present with calcifications.CT is superior to detect calcified metastases.Three-dimensional CT to image the vascular anatomy facilitates laparoscopic surgery.T staging of rectal cancer by MRI is an established modality because MRI can diagnose rectal wall laminar structure.N staging in patients with colorectal cancer is still challenging using any imaging modality.MRI is more accurate than CT for the evaluation of liver metastases.PET/CT colonography isvaluable in the evaluation of extra-colonic and hepatic disease.PET/CT colonography is useful for obstructing colorectal cancers that cannot be traversed colonoscopically.PET/CT colonography is able to localize synchronous colon cancers proximal to the obstruction precisely.However,there is no definite evidence to support the routine clinical use of PET/CT colonography.
基金Supported by The Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of South Koreafunded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology,No.2012R1A1A1005326
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a frequent cause of chronic liver diseases,ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related liver cirrhosis.Although liver biopsy is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD,especially for the diagnosis of NASH,imaging methods have been increasingly accepted as noninvasive alternatives to liver biopsy.Ultrasonography is a well-established and costeffective imaging technique for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis,especially for screening a large population at risk of NAFLD.Ultrasonography has a reasonable accuracy in detecting moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis although it is less accurate for detecting mild hepatic steatosis,operator-dependent,and rather qualitative.Computed tomography is not appropriate for general population assessment of hepatic steatosis given its inaccuracy in detecting mild hepatic steatosis and potential radiation hazard.However,computed tomography may be effective in specific clinical situations,such as evaluation of donor candidates for hepatic transplantation.Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging are now regarded as the most accurate practical methods of measuring liver fat in clinical practice,especially for longitudinal followup of patients with NAFLD.Ultrasound elastography and magnetic resonance elastography are increasingly used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and to differentiate NASH from simple steatosis.This article will review current imaging methods used to evaluate hepatic steatosis,including the diagnostic accuracy,limitations,and practical applicability of each method.It will also briefly describe the potential role of elastography techniques in the evaluation of patients with NAFLD.
文摘AIM: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of pelvic phased-array magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) in the preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma. METHODS: Thirty-four patients (15 males, 19 females) with ages ranging between 29 and 75 who have biopsy proven rectal tumor underwent both MRI and ERUS examinations before surgery. All patients were evaluated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of depth of transmural tumor invasion and lymph node metastases. Imaging results were correlated with histopathological findings regarded as the gold standard and both modalities were compared in terms of predicting preoperative local staging of rectal carcinoma. RESULTS: The pathological T stage of the tumors was: pT1 in 1 patient, pT2 in 9 patients, pT3 in 21 patients and pT4 in 3 patients. The pathological N stage of the tumors was: pN0 in 19 patients, pN1 in 9 patients and pN2 in 6 patients. The accuracy of T staging for MRI was 89.70% (27 out of 34). The sensitivity was 79.41% and the specificity was 93.14%. The accuracy of T staging for ERUS was 85.29% (24 out of 34). The sensitivity was 70.59% and the specificity was 90.20%. Detection of lymph node metastases usingphased-array MRI gave an accuracy of 74.50% (21 out of 34). The sensitivity and specificity was found to be 61.76% and 80.88%, respectively. By using ERUS in the detection of lymph node metastases, an accuracy of 76.47% (18 out of 34) was obtained. The sensitivity and specificity were found to be 52.94% and 84.31%, respectively. CONCLUSION: ERUS and phased-array MRI are complementary methods in the accurate preoperative staging of rectal cancer. In conclusion, we can state that phased-array MRI was observed to be slightly superior in determining the depth of transmural invasion (T stage) and has same value in detecting lymph node metastases (N stage) as compared to ERUS.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province of China,No.2013B021800164the Scientific Research Project in Medicine of Guangdong Province of China,No.B200258
文摘Major ozonated autohemotherapy has been shown to promote recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction, but whether naajor ozonated autohelnotherapy affects remote in）ury remains poorly understood. Here, we assumed that major ozonated autohemotherapy contributes to recovery of clinical function, possibly by reducing remote injury after acute cerebral infarction. Sixty acute cerebral infarction patients aged 30-80 years were equally and randomly allocated to ozone treatment and control groups. Patients in the ozone treatment group received medical treatment and major ozonated autohemotherapy （47 mg/L, 100 mL ozone） for 10 ± 2 days. Patients in the control group received medical treatment only. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, modified Rankin scale score, and reduced degree of fractional anisotropy values of brain magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging were remarkably decreased, brain function improved, clinical efficiency significantly increased, and no obvious adverse reactions detected in the ozone treatment group compared with the control group. These findings suggest that major ozonated autohemotherapy promotes recovery of neurological function in acute cerebral infarction patients by reducing re,note injury, and additionally, exhibits high safety.
