Focusing on Locke’s Two Treatises of Government,this paper argues that in Locke’s state of nature,his idea about human reason and humanity can be reconstructed as a concept:limited reason.This concept,which can help...Focusing on Locke’s Two Treatises of Government,this paper argues that in Locke’s state of nature,his idea about human reason and humanity can be reconstructed as a concept:limited reason.This concept,which can help us to understand and interpret Locke’s ambiguous words regarding the peace and war in his state of nature,needs to be understood and interpreted in Locke’s specific historical theological context.In this regard,limited reason is a cultural concept.展开更多
The earth pressure acting on retaining walls due to creep and consolidation is under limited equilibrium conditions(limited displacement). Linear elastic constitutive theory can be applied to determine earth pressure ...The earth pressure acting on retaining walls due to creep and consolidation is under limited equilibrium conditions(limited displacement). Linear elastic constitutive theory can be applied to determine earth pressure distribution along retaining walls under limited displacement condition. In addition,tangent modulus in Duncan-Chang nonlinear elastic model was introduced to reflect the variations of soil modulus with confining pressure, and boundary strains were derived from Rankine active earth pressure, Rankine passive earth pressure, static earth pressure and principal stress direction deflection.According to the above four boundary strains, earth pressure on retaining walls was divided into five state zones. By comparing the calculation results obtained from the equations proposed in this paper with those of experimental tests, the following conclusions can be drawn: earth pressure distribution was always nonlinear along retaining walls for translation displacement(T mode), rotation displacement around wall base(RB mode), and translation + rotation displacement around wall base(RBT mode). Also,calculated earth pressure distributions along with the depth of wall were found to be consistent with measured values under three displacement modes.Additionally, a parametric study was carried out to evaluate the effects of internal friction angle and backfill soil cohesion on earth pressure. It could be seen from the above series of studies that the earth pressure equations derived in this work could be well applied in practical engineering in designing retaining walls.展开更多
文摘Focusing on Locke’s Two Treatises of Government,this paper argues that in Locke’s state of nature,his idea about human reason and humanity can be reconstructed as a concept:limited reason.This concept,which can help us to understand and interpret Locke’s ambiguous words regarding the peace and war in his state of nature,needs to be understood and interpreted in Locke’s specific historical theological context.In this regard,limited reason is a cultural concept.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51979225,51679199)the Special Funds for Public Industry Research Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources (No.201501034-04)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory for Science and Technology Coordination & Innovation Projects of Shaanxi Province (No.2014SZS15-Z01)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No.2020JQ-584)。
文摘The earth pressure acting on retaining walls due to creep and consolidation is under limited equilibrium conditions(limited displacement). Linear elastic constitutive theory can be applied to determine earth pressure distribution along retaining walls under limited displacement condition. In addition,tangent modulus in Duncan-Chang nonlinear elastic model was introduced to reflect the variations of soil modulus with confining pressure, and boundary strains were derived from Rankine active earth pressure, Rankine passive earth pressure, static earth pressure and principal stress direction deflection.According to the above four boundary strains, earth pressure on retaining walls was divided into five state zones. By comparing the calculation results obtained from the equations proposed in this paper with those of experimental tests, the following conclusions can be drawn: earth pressure distribution was always nonlinear along retaining walls for translation displacement(T mode), rotation displacement around wall base(RB mode), and translation + rotation displacement around wall base(RBT mode). Also,calculated earth pressure distributions along with the depth of wall were found to be consistent with measured values under three displacement modes.Additionally, a parametric study was carried out to evaluate the effects of internal friction angle and backfill soil cohesion on earth pressure. It could be seen from the above series of studies that the earth pressure equations derived in this work could be well applied in practical engineering in designing retaining walls.
