The amniotic membrane(AM) is the inner layer of the fetal membranes and consist of 3 different layers: the epithelium, basement membrane and stroma which further consists of three contiguous but distinct layers: the i...The amniotic membrane(AM) is the inner layer of the fetal membranes and consist of 3 different layers: the epithelium, basement membrane and stroma which further consists of three contiguous but distinct layers: the inner compact layer, middle fibroblast layer and the outermost spongy layer. The AM has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-angiogenic as well as anti-microbial properties. Also because of its transparent structure, lack of immunogenicity and the ability to provide an excellent substrate for growth, migration and adhesion of epithelial corneal and conjunctival cells, it is being used increasingly for ocular surface reconstruction in a variety of ocular pathologies including corneal disorders associated with limbal stem cell deficiency, surgeries for conjunctival reconstruction, as a carrier for ex vivo expansion of limbal epithelial cells, glaucoma surgeries and sceral melts and perforations. However indiscriminate use of human AM needs to be discouraged as complications though infrequent can occur. These include risk of transmission of bacterial, viral or fungal infections to the recipient if the donors are not adequately screened for communicable diseases, if the membrane is not processed under sterile condi-tions or if storage is improper. Optimal outcomes can be achieved only with meticulous case selection. This review explores the ever expanding ophthalmological indications for the use of human AM.展开更多
In recent years, stem cells have been a focal point in research designed to evaluate the efficacy of ophthalmologic therapies, specifically those for corneal conditions. The corneal epithelium is one of the few region...In recent years, stem cells have been a focal point in research designed to evaluate the efficacy of ophthalmologic therapies, specifically those for corneal conditions. The corneal epithelium is one of the few regions of the body that maintains itself using a residual stem cell population within the adjacent limbus. Stem cell movement has additionally captivated the minds of researchers due to its potential application in different body regions. The cornea is a viable model for varying methods to track stem cell migratory patterns, such as lineage tracing and live imaging from the limbus. These developments have the potential to pave the way for future therapies designed to ensure the continuous regeneration of the corneal epithelium following injury via the limbal stem cell niche. This literature review aims to analyze the various methods of imaging used to understand the limbal stem cell niche and possible future directions that might be useful to consider for the better treatment and prevention of disorders of the cornea and corneal epithelium. .展开更多
Background and Objective:Nearly 30 years have passed since limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD)was first identified by pioneers and given clinical attention.LSCD remains a difficult disease to treat.It can potentially le...Background and Objective:Nearly 30 years have passed since limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD)was first identified by pioneers and given clinical attention.LSCD remains a difficult disease to treat.It can potentially lead to blinding.At present,understanding of limbal stem cells(LSCs)has deepened and various treatment options for LSCD have been devised.The objective of this review is to summarize basic knowledge of LSCD and current treatment strategies.Methods:PubMed search was performed to find studies published in English on LSCs and LSCD including original reports and reviews.Literatures published from 1989 to 2022 were reviewed.Key Content and Findings:LSCs are enigmatic stem cells for which no specific marker has been discovered yet.Although LSCD is not difficult to diagnose,it is still challenging to treat.An important advancement in the treatment of LSCD is the provision of guidelines for selecting systematic surgical treatment according to the patient’s condition.It is also encouraging that stem cell technologies are being actively investigated for their potential usefulness in the treatment of LSCD.Conclusions:Although various treatment options for LSCD have been developed,it should be kept in mind that the best chance of treatment for LSCD is in the early stage of the disease.Every effort should be made to preserve as many LSCs as possible in the early treatment of LSCD.展开更多
文摘The amniotic membrane(AM) is the inner layer of the fetal membranes and consist of 3 different layers: the epithelium, basement membrane and stroma which further consists of three contiguous but distinct layers: the inner compact layer, middle fibroblast layer and the outermost spongy layer. The AM has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-angiogenic as well as anti-microbial properties. Also because of its transparent structure, lack of immunogenicity and the ability to provide an excellent substrate for growth, migration and adhesion of epithelial corneal and conjunctival cells, it is being used increasingly for ocular surface reconstruction in a variety of ocular pathologies including corneal disorders associated with limbal stem cell deficiency, surgeries for conjunctival reconstruction, as a carrier for ex vivo expansion of limbal epithelial cells, glaucoma surgeries and sceral melts and perforations. However indiscriminate use of human AM needs to be discouraged as complications though infrequent can occur. These include risk of transmission of bacterial, viral or fungal infections to the recipient if the donors are not adequately screened for communicable diseases, if the membrane is not processed under sterile condi-tions or if storage is improper. Optimal outcomes can be achieved only with meticulous case selection. This review explores the ever expanding ophthalmological indications for the use of human AM.
文摘In recent years, stem cells have been a focal point in research designed to evaluate the efficacy of ophthalmologic therapies, specifically those for corneal conditions. The corneal epithelium is one of the few regions of the body that maintains itself using a residual stem cell population within the adjacent limbus. Stem cell movement has additionally captivated the minds of researchers due to its potential application in different body regions. The cornea is a viable model for varying methods to track stem cell migratory patterns, such as lineage tracing and live imaging from the limbus. These developments have the potential to pave the way for future therapies designed to ensure the continuous regeneration of the corneal epithelium following injury via the limbal stem cell niche. This literature review aims to analyze the various methods of imaging used to understand the limbal stem cell niche and possible future directions that might be useful to consider for the better treatment and prevention of disorders of the cornea and corneal epithelium. .
文摘Background and Objective:Nearly 30 years have passed since limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD)was first identified by pioneers and given clinical attention.LSCD remains a difficult disease to treat.It can potentially lead to blinding.At present,understanding of limbal stem cells(LSCs)has deepened and various treatment options for LSCD have been devised.The objective of this review is to summarize basic knowledge of LSCD and current treatment strategies.Methods:PubMed search was performed to find studies published in English on LSCs and LSCD including original reports and reviews.Literatures published from 1989 to 2022 were reviewed.Key Content and Findings:LSCs are enigmatic stem cells for which no specific marker has been discovered yet.Although LSCD is not difficult to diagnose,it is still challenging to treat.An important advancement in the treatment of LSCD is the provision of guidelines for selecting systematic surgical treatment according to the patient’s condition.It is also encouraging that stem cell technologies are being actively investigated for their potential usefulness in the treatment of LSCD.Conclusions:Although various treatment options for LSCD have been developed,it should be kept in mind that the best chance of treatment for LSCD is in the early stage of the disease.Every effort should be made to preserve as many LSCs as possible in the early treatment of LSCD.
